View source for House of Representatives (Indonesia, 1956–1959)

{{Short description|First elected House of Representatives in Indonesia}}
{{more citations needed|date=July 2020}}
{{Infobox legislative term
| name                  = House of Representatives of Indonesia (1956 – 1959)
| image                 = First session of the new DPR, Hasil Rakjat Memilih Tokoh-tokoh Parlemen (Hasil Pemilihan Umum Pertama - 1955) di Republik Indonesia, p17.jpg
| image_size            =
| alt                   =
| caption               = First session of the elected House of Representatives on 26 March 1956
| body                  = [[House of Representatives (Indonesia)|House of Representatives]]
| meeting_place         = [[DPR/MPR Building]], [[Jakarta]]
| election              = [[1955 Indonesian legislative election]]
| government            =
| opposition            =
| term_start            = {{Start date|1956|03|26|df=y}}
| term_end              = {{End date|1959|07|22|df=y}}
| before                = [[Provisional House of Representatives|1950–1956]]
| after                 = [[Transitional House of Representatives|1959–1960]]
| website               =
| chamber1              =
| chamber1_image        =
| chamber1_image_size   =
| chamber1_alt          =
| membership1           =
| control1              =
| chamber1_leader1_type = [[Speaker of the House of Representatives (Indonesia)|Speaker]]
| chamber1_leader1      = [[Sartono]] ([[Indonesian National Party|PNI]])
| chamber1_leader2_type = [[List of deputy speakers of the House of Representatives (Indonesia)|Deputy Speaker]]
| chamber1_leader2      = [[Arudji Kartawinata]] ([[Indonesian Islamic Union Party|PSII]])
| chamber1_leader3_type = Deputy Speaker
| chamber1_leader3      = [[Zainul Arifin]] ([[Nahdlatul Ulama|NU]])
| chamber1_leader4_type = Deputy Speaker
| chamber1_leader4      = [[Zainal Abidin Ahmad (Indonesian politician)|Zainal Abidin Ahmad]] ([[Masyumi Party|Masyumi]])
| chamber2              =
| chamber2_image        =
| chamber2_image_size   =
| chamber2_alt          =
| membership2           =
| control2              =
| chamber2_leader1_type =
| chamber2_leader1      =
| chamber2_leader2_type =
| chamber2_leader2      =
| chamber2_leader3_type =
| chamber2_leader3      =
| chamber2_leader4_type =
| chamber2_leader4      =
| session1_start        =
| session1_end          =
}}
The '''1956–1959 term of the House of Representatives of Indonesia''' was the first elected [[House of Representatives (Indonesia)|House of Representatives]] in Indonesia. The council consisted of 257 elected members and 15 appointed members.
== Election and inauguration ==
Elections for the elected members of the 1956–1959 term of the House of Representatives were held on 29 September 1955. The election results were announced on 1 March 1956, with 27 electoral contestants gaining a total of 257 seats, with the [[Indonesian National Party]] obtaining 57 seats, while 12 smaller contestants only obtained one seat each.<ref name="p189">{{harvnb|House of Representatives of Mutual Assistance|1970|p=189}}</ref>
Most of the elected members of the 1956–1959 term of the House of Representatives were inaugurated on 24 March 1956, with the exception of:<ref name="p606620">{{harvnb|House of Representatives of Mutual Assistance|1970|pp=606–620}}</ref>
* Njak Diwan, Nur El Ibrahimy, Rahmah El Junusiah, I Made Sugitha (27 March 1956),
* Mohammad Hanafiah, [[Njono]] (31 March 1956),
* Saleh Umar (3 April 1956),
* Imron Rosjadi (11 April 1956),
* [[Mohammad Isnaeni]] (13 April 1956),
* Soemardi Jatmosoemarto (16 April 1956),
* [[D. N. Aidit]] (11 June 1956),
* Suzanna Hamdani (29 June 1956),
The appointed members were all inaugurated at a different time, ranging from the first on 9 August 1956, and the last on 26 February 1957.<ref name=p606620/>
* [[Silas Papare]], Muhammad Padang (9 August 1956)
* [[Albert Karubuy]] (24 August 1956)
* E.F. Wens, J.L.W.R. Rhemrev, D. Hage, [[Poncke Princen]], R. Ch. M. du Puy,<br>Tan Kiem Liang, Oei Tjeng Hien, Tan Eng Hong (5 December 1956)
* [[Tjung Tin Jan]] (12 December 1956)
* Lie Po Yoe, J.R. Koot (18 December 1956)
* Ang Tjiang Liat (26 February 1957)
== First session ==
The first session of the council was held on 26 March 1956, with the oldest member of the council, [[Soedjono Prawirosoedarso]], leading the first session and became the temporary speaker of the council. During his leadership in the session, he was remarked as having continuous shivering during the session, misusing the [[gavel]], and having difficulties in speaking. This first session was intended to elect the speakers and deputy speakers of the council.<ref name=p189/>
== Leadership ==
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center"
!Speaker
!1st Deputy Speaker
!2nd Deputy Speaker
!3rd Deputy Speaker
|-
|[[File:Sartono,_Indonesia_Memilih,_p222.jpg|100px]]
|[[File:Zainul Arifin, Kami Perkenalkan (1954), p18.jpg|100px]]
|[[File:Arudji_Kartawinata,_Indonesia_Memilih,_p222.jpg|100px]]
|[[File:Zainal Abidin Ahmad, Hasil Rakjat Memilih Tokoh-tokoh Parlemen (Hasil Pemilihan Umum Pertama - 1955) di Republik Indonesia, p204.jpg|100px]]
|-
|[[Sartono]]<br><small>[[Indonesian National Party|PNI]]</small>
|[[Zainul Arifin]]<br><small>[[Nahdlatul Ulama|NU]]</small>
|[[Arudji Kartawinata]]<br><small>[[Indonesian Islamic Union Party|PSII]]</small>
|[[Zainal Abidin Ahmad (Indonesian politician)|Zainal Abidin Ahmad]]<br><small>[[Masyumi Party|Masyumi]]</small>
|-
| colspan="4" |<small>Source:</small>
|}
== Fractions ==
Fractions in the council consisted of two types: single-party fractions (marked in green) and multi-party fractions (marked in yellow).
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|+
!Fraction name
!Elected members
!Appointed members
!Total members
|-
|style="background-color:#DEFFE9" |[[Indonesian National Party]]
|style="background-color:#DEFFE9" |57
|style="background-color:#DEFFE9" |1
|style="background-color:#DEFFE9" |58
|-
|style="background-color:#DEFFE9" |[[Masyumi Party]]
|style="background-color:#DEFFE9" |57
|style="background-color:#DEFFE9" |3
|style="background-color:#DEFFE9" |60
|-
|style="background-color:#DEFFE9" |[[Nahdlatul Ulama]]
|style="background-color:#DEFFE9" |45
|style="background-color:#DEFFE9" |2
|style="background-color:#DEFFE9" |47
|-
|style="background-color:#DEFFE9" |[[Communist Party of Indonesia]]
|style="background-color:#DEFFE9" |32
|style="background-color:#DEFFE9" |0
|style="background-color:#DEFFE9" |32
|-
|style="background-color:#ffffed" |National Progressive
|style="background-color:#ffffed" |11
* Murba (2)
* Baperki (1)
* Permai (1)
* Acoma (1)
* Grinda (1)
* PIR-Wongsonegoro (1)
* Soedjono Prawirosoedarso (1)
|style="background-color:#ffffed" |0
|style="background-color:#ffffed" |11
|-
|style="background-color:#DEFFE9" |[[Indonesian Islamic Union Party]]
|style="background-color:#DEFFE9" |8
|style="background-color:#DEFFE9" |0
|style="background-color:#DEFFE9" |8
|-
|style="background-color:#DEFFE9" |[[Indonesian Christian Party]]
|style="background-color:#DEFFE9" |8
|style="background-color:#DEFFE9" |1
|style="background-color:#DEFFE9" |9
|-
|style="background-color:#ffffed" |Catholic
|style="background-color:#ffffed" |7
* [[Catholic Party (Indonesia)|Catholic Party]] (6)
* [[Dayak Unity Party]] (1)
|style="background-color:#ffffed" |1
|style="background-color:#ffffed" |8
|-
|style="background-color:#ffffed" |Proclamation Supporter
|style="background-color:#ffffed" |6
* Labor Party (2)
* PRI (2)
* PRIM (1)
* PRD (1)
|style="background-color:#ffffed" |0
|style="background-color:#ffffed" |6
|-
|style="background-color:#DEFFE9" |Development
|style="background-color:#DEFFE9" |7
|style="background-color:#DEFFE9" |0
|style="background-color:#DEFFE9" |7
|-
|style="background-color:#DEFFE9" |[[Indonesian Socialist Party]]
|style="background-color:#DEFFE9" |5
|style="background-color:#DEFFE9" |0
|style="background-color:#DEFFE9" |5
|-
|style="background-color:#DEFFE9" |[[Islamic Education Movement]]
|style="background-color:#DEFFE9" |4
|style="background-color:#DEFFE9" |0
|style="background-color:#DEFFE9" |4
|-
|style="background-color:#DEFFE9" |[[League of Supporters of Indonesian Independence]]
|style="background-color:#DEFFE9" |4
|style="background-color:#DEFFE9" |1
|style="background-color:#DEFFE9" |5
|-
|style="background-color:#DEFFE9" |Movement to Defend the Pancasila
|style="background-color:#DEFFE9" |2
|style="background-color:#DEFFE9" |0
|style="background-color:#DEFFE9" |2
|-
|style="background-color:#DEFFE9" |Police Employee's Association of the Republic of Indonesia
|style="background-color:#DEFFE9" |2
|style="background-color:#DEFFE9" |0
|style="background-color:#DEFFE9" |2
|-
|style="background-color:#DEFFE9" |[[Islamic Victory Force]]
|style="background-color:#DEFFE9" |1
|style="background-color:#DEFFE9" |0
|style="background-color:#DEFFE9" |1
|-
|style="background-color:#DEFFE9" |[[Islamic Tharikah Unity Party]]
|style="background-color:#DEFFE9" |1
|style="background-color:#DEFFE9" |0
|style="background-color:#DEFFE9" |1
|-
|style="background-color:#DEFFE9" |PIR-Hazairin
|style="background-color:#DEFFE9" |1
|style="background-color:#DEFFE9" |0
|style="background-color:#DEFFE9" |1
|-
|style="background-color:#DEFFE9" |Unity
|style="background-color:#DEFFE9" |0
|style="background-color:#DEFFE9" |3
|style="background-color:#DEFFE9" |3
|-
|''Independent''
|0
|2
|2
|-
|'''Total'''
|'''257'''
|'''15'''
|'''272'''
|-
| colspan="4" |<small>Source:</small>
|}
== Major events ==
* 24 March 1956: Formation of the [[Second Ali Sastroamidjojo Cabinet]].
* 21 April 1956: The House of Representatives passed a law to officially repeal the results of the [[Dutch–Indonesian Round Table Conference]].
* 30 November 1956: The House of Representatives approved [[Mohammad Hatta]]'s plan to resign from his vice presidency.
* 1 December 1956: Vice President [[Mohammad Hatta]] officially resigns from his office.
* 12 December 1956: First report by the government to the House of Representatives regarding the [[Revolutionary Government of the Republic of Indonesia]].
* 22 December 1956: [[Colonel]] [[Maludin Simbolon]] declared Sumatra as in a state of war.
* 21 January 1957: Second report by the government to the House of Representatives regarding the [[Revolutionary Government of the Republic of Indonesia]].
* 21 February 1957 : President Sukarno delivered a speech about his attempts to "save the country". The speech is named as the President's Conception
* 14 March 1957: The [[Second Ali Sastroamidjojo Cabinet]] resigns.
* 2 April 1957: [[Suwiryo|Suwirjo]] returned his mandate to the president after failing to form a new cabinet.
* 9 April 1957: Formation of the [[Djuanda Cabinet]].
* 29 November 1957: An [[ad hoc]] committee, named as the Committee of Nine, was formed to reunite Sukarno and Mohammad Hatta.
* 14 March 1958: After delivering its second report, the Committee of Nine was dissolved.
* 23 October 1958: The House of Representatives passed a resolution to fully support the integration of the [[West Irian]] territory into Indonesia.
* 2 March 1959: The [[Djuanda Cabinet]] delivers its decision to dissolve the [[Constitutional Assembly of Indonesia]] to the House of Representatives.
* 5 July 1959: President Sukarno officially dissolved the Constitutional Assembly of Indonesia with the [[President Sukarno's 1959 Decree|presidential decree]].
* 22 July 1959: The House of Representatives for the 1956–1959 term is officially dissolved and replaced with the [[Transitional House of Representatives]].
== Works ==
=== Statistics ===
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!Type
!Amount
!Approved
!Rejected
!Withdrawn
!Incomplete
|-
|Bills
|145
|113
|0
|16
|16
|-
|Initiatives
|8
|3
|0
|4
|1
|-
|Motions
|8
|2
|1
|5
|0
|-
|Resolutions
|37
|23
|2
|12
|0
|-
|Interpelations
|8
|3
|0
|3
|0
|-
|Inquiries
|0
|0
|0
|0
|1
|-
| colspan="6" |<small>Source:</small>
|}
=== Major legislations ===
* 16 August 1956: [https://jdih.setkab.go.id/PUUdoc/3660/UU0151956.pdf Law No. 15 of 1956 about the formation of the autonomous region of West Irian]
* 18 December 1956: [https://jdih.setkab.go.id/puu/buka_puu/3671/UU0261956.pdf Law No. 26 of 1956 about the membership of Indonesia in the United Nations]
* 31 December 1956: [https://jdih.setkab.go.id/puu/buka_puu/3677/UU0321956.pdf Law No. 32 of 1956 about the balance between the central government and the regional government in the financial regulations]
* 11 January 1958: [https://jdih.setkab.go.id/puu/buka_puu/3817/UU0021958.pdf Law No. 2 of 1958 about the Sino-Indonesian Dual Nationality Treaty]
* 27 March 1958: [https://jdih.setkab.go.id/puu/buka_puu/3828/UU0131958.pdf Law No. 13 of 1958 about the war reparations between the Indonesian and the Japanese government]
* 27 December 1958: [https://jdih.setkab.go.id/puu/buka_puu/3900/UU0851958.pdf Law No. 85 of 1958 about the Five-Year Development Plan for 1956-1960]
== References ==
{{reflist}}
===Bibliography===
*{{Citation|author=Parlaungan|title=Hasil Rakjat Memilih Tokoh-tokoh Parlemen (Hasil Pemilihan Umum Pertama – 1955) di Republik Indonesia|trans-title=Result of People Electing Parliamentary Members (Result of the First General Election – 1955) in the Republic of Indonesia|language=Indonesian|date=1956|location=[[Jakarta]]|publisher=C.V. Gita}}
*{{Citation|author=House of Representatives of Mutual Assistance|title=Seperempat Abad Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat Republik Indonesia|trans-title=A Quarter Century of the House of Representatives of the Republic of Indonesia|language=Indonesian|date=1970|location=[[Jakarta]]|publisher=Secretariat of the House of Representatives of Mutual Assistance}}
{{House of Representatives (Indonesia)}}
[[Category:1956 establishments in Indonesia]]
[[Category:1959 establishments in Indonesia]]
[[Category:House of Representatives (Indonesia)|1956]]
[[Category:Members of the House of Representatives (Indonesia), 1955|*]]