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{{Short description|Native American tribe}}
{{other uses}}
{{more citations needed|date=March 2007}}
{{infobox ethnic group
|group      = Hualapai Tribe
|native_name = {{native name|yuf-x-wal|Hwalbáy}}
|image      = Tathamiche.jpg
|caption    = Ta'thamiche,&nbsp;Hualapai <small>{{nowrap|1907 photo by [[Edward Curtis]]}}</small>
|population = 2,300 enrolled members
|popplace   = {{USA}} ({{Flag|Arizona}})
|langs      = [[Hualapai language|Hualapai]], English
|rels       = Indigenous, [[Christianity]]
|related    = [[Mohave people|Mohave]], [[Yavapai people|Yavapai]], [[Havasupai]]
}}
The '''Hualapai''' ({{IPA-all|walapaɪ|pron}}, {{Respell|wah|lah|py}}, {{langx|yuf-x-wal|Hwalbáy}}<ref>[[Lucille Watahomigie|Watahomigie, Lucille]], Jorigine Bender, Akira Yamamoto, University of Los Angeles. Hualapai reference grammar. 1982.</ref>) is a federally recognized Native American tribe in Arizona with about 2300 enrolled members. Approximately 1353 enrolled members reside on the Hualapai Reservation, which spans over three counties in Northern Arizona ([[Coconino County|Coconino]], [[Yavapai County|Yavapai]], and [[Mohave County|Mohave]]).<ref name=":0" />
The name, meaning "people of the tall pines", is derived from {{lang|yuf|hwa:l}}, the [[Hualapai language|Hualapai]] word for [[ponderosa pine]]<ref name=":0">[http://hualapai-nsn.gov/about-2/ The Hualapai Tribe Website]. Accessed 2020-01-16</ref> and {{lang|yuf|pai}} "people". Their traditional territory is a {{Convert|108|mi|adj=on}} stretch along the pine-clad southern side of the [[Grand Canyon]] and the [[Colorado River]] with the tribal capital at [[Peach Springs]]. Other communities on the reservation include [[Valentine, Arizona|Valentine]] and [[Grand Canyon West, Arizona|Grand Canyon West]].
==Government==
[[File:Hualapai havasupai res.png|thumb|Hualapai Reservation shown in Northwestern Arizona]]
The Hualapai tribe is a sovereign nation and governed by an executive and judicial branch and a tribal council. The tribe provides a variety of social, cultural, educational and economic services to its members.
The Hualapai Nation Police Department provides Law Enforcement services to the People of the Hualapai Nation and its visitors and guests.
==Language==
The [[Havasupai–Hualapai language|Hualapai language]] is a [[Paipai language|Pai]] branch of the [[Yuman–Cochimí languages]], also spoken by the closely related [[Havasupai people|Havasupai]], and more distantly to [[Yavapai people]]. It is spoken by most people over 30 on the Reservation as well as many young people. The Peach Springs School District runs a successful bilingual program for all local students, both Hualapai and non-Hualapai, in addition to immersion camps.
==Reservation==
{{expand section|date=November 2023}}
[[Image:1545R Hualapai Indian Reservation Locator Map.svg|thumb|Location of the reservation within Arizona]]
The '''Hualapai Reservation''' ({{coord|35|54|25|N|113|07|58|W|scale:1000000_source:GNIS|display=inline}}), covering {{Convert|1142|sqmi}}, was created by the Presidential [[Executive order]] of [[Chester A. Arthur]] on January 4, 1883.,<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/vol1/html_files/ARI0801.html |title=Executive order |access-date=2012-02-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111209232734/http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/Vol1/HTML_files/ARI0801.html |archive-date=2011-12-09 |url-status=dead }}</ref> it is located in [[Coconino County|Coconino]] and [[Mohave County|Mohave]] counties. Its headquarter and most important community is [[Peach Springs]].
==History and culture==
[[File:Hualapai winter camp.jpg|right|thumb|250px|A Hualapai winter camp, photographed by [[Edward Curtis]], 1907.]]
[[File:Two Indian baskets on display, ca.1900 (CHS-3285).jpg|thumb|Two Hualapai baskets on display, c. 1900]]
=== Ceremonies ===
Major traditional ceremonies of the Hualapai include the "Maturity" ceremony and the "Mourning" ceremony. Nowadays the modern Sobriety Festival is also celebrated in June.
===Afterlife===
The souls of the dead are believed to go northwestward to a beautiful land where plentiful harvest grow. This land is believed to be seen only by Hualapai spirits.
===Traditional dress===
Traditional Hualapai dress consists of full suits of deerskin and rabbit skin robes.
=== Traditional housing ===
Conical houses formed from cedar boughs using the single slope form called a [[Wigwam|Wikiup]].
===Reservation life===
The Hualapai Reservation was created by executive order in 1883 on lands that just four regional bands considered as part of their home range, like the Yi Kwat Pa'a (Iquad Ba:' – "Peach Springs band") or Ha'kasa Pa'a (Hak saha Ba:' – "Pine Springs band"). The other Hualapai regional bands (including the Havasupai) lived far away from the current reservation land.<ref name="Shepherd2008">{{cite journal |vauthors=Shepherd, JP |date=2008 |title=At the Crossroads of Hualapai History, Memory, and American Colonization: Contesting Space and Place|jstor=30114280 |journal=[[American Indian Quarterly]] |volume=32 |issue=1|pages=16–42 |doi=10.1353/aiq.2008.0008 |s2cid=163104714 }}</ref>
===Hualapai War===
The [[Hualapai War (1865-1870)|Hualapai War]] (1865–1870) was caused by an increase in traffic through the area on the [[Fort Mojave-Prescott Toll Road]] which elevated tensions and produced armed conflicts between the Hualapai and [[European American]]s. The war broke out in May 1865, when the Hualapai leader Anasa was killed by a man named Hundertinark in the area of [[Camp Willow Grove]] and in March 1866. In response, a man named Clower was killed by the Hualapai, who also closed the route from [[Prescott, Arizona]] to the [[Colorado River]] ports due to the conflict. The most important and principal Hualapai leaders (called ''Tokoomhet'' or ''Tokumhet'') at that time were: [[Wauba Yuba]] (''Wauba Yuma'' of the ''Yavapai Fighters'' subtribe), [[Sherum]] (''Shrum'' or ''Cherum'' of the ''Ha Emete Pa'a'' i.e. "Cerbat Mountain band" of the ''Middle Mountain People'' subtribe), [[Hitchi Hitchi]] (''Hitchie-Hitchie'' of the ''Plateau People'' subtribe)<!-- <ref>{{Citation|url=|title=Sociopolitical organization – Walapai|website=World Culture Encyclopedia}}</ref> --> and [[Susquatama]] (''Sudjikwo'dime'', better known by his nickname [[Hualapai Charley]], ''Hualapai Charlie'', ''Walapai Charley'' or ''Walapai Charlie'' of the ''Middle Mountain People'' subtribe). It was not until William Hardy and the Hualapai leaders negotiated a peace agreement at [[Beale Springs]] that the raids and the fighting subsided. However, the agreement lasted only nine months when it was broken with the murder of Chief Wauba Yuba near present-day Kingman during a dispute with the [[Walker Party]] over the treaty.
After the chief's murder, raids by the Hualapai began in full force on mining camps and settlers. The cavalry from [[Fort Mojave]] responded, with the assistance of the [[Mohave people|Mohave]], by attacking Hualapai rancherias and razing them. The pivotal engagement took place in January 1868, when Captain S.B.M. Young, later joined in by Lt. Johnathan D. Stevenson, surprised the rancheria of Sherum with his more than one hundred warriors. Known as the Battle of Cherum Peak, it lasted all day. Stevenson fell in the first volley. The Hualapai managed to escape, but lost twenty-one warriors, with many more wounded. The Battle broke the military resistance of the Hualapai. The Hualapai began to surrender, as [[whooping cough]] and [[dysentery]] weakened their ranks, on August 20, 1868.<ref>{{NRHP url|id=64500052|title=National Register of Historic Places}}</ref> They were led by Chief [[Leve Leve]] (''Levi-Levi'', half-brother to Sherum and Hualapai Charley)<ref>often Leve Leve is mistaken for a Yavapai leader – but he is actually only a band leader of the Yavapai Fighters subtribe, which were named for their fighting against the enemy Yavapai</ref> of the Amat Whala Pa'a (''Mad hwa:la Ba:''' – "Hualapai Mountains band") of the ''Yavapai Fighters'' subtribe. The warrior Sherum, who was known for his tenacity as a warrior, later surrendered, thus marking the end of the Hualapai Wars in 1870. It is estimated that one-third of the Hualapai people were killed during this war either by the conflict or disease.{{Citation needed|date=February 2012}}
== Hualapai bands and villages ==
[[File:Two young Walapai Indian mothers with their children on their backs, Hackbury, Arizona, ca.1900 (CHS-3176).jpg|thumb|Two young Walapai Indian mothers with their children on their backs, Hackbury, Arizona, c. 1900]]
[[File:Walapai Indian school at Kingman, Arizona, ca.1900 (CHS-3188).jpg|thumb|Segregated Walapai school, c. 1900.]]
Ethnically, the [[Havasupai people|Havasupai]] and the Hualapai are one people, although today, they are politically separate groups as the result of U.S. government policy. The Hualapai (''Pa'a'' or ''Pai'') had three subtribes – the ''Middle Mountain People'' in the northwest, ''Plateau People'' in the east, and ''Yavapai Fighter'' in the south (McGuire; 1983). The subtribes were divided into seven bands (Kroeber; 1935, Manners; 1974), which themselves were broken up into thirteen (original fourteen)<ref>of the original 14 Hualapai bands or local groups the ''Red Rock band'' had completely mixed with the other bands before European American contact and were therefore not recognized as a distinct band</ref><ref>Nina Swidler, Roger Anyon: ''Native Americans and Archaeologists'': Stepping Stones to Common Ground, p. 142, Alta Mira Press; 1997, {{ISBN|978-0761989011}}</ref> regional bands or local groups ([[Henry F. Dobyns|Dobyns]] and Euler; 1970).<ref>[http://www.blm.gov/pgdata/etc/medialib/blm/wo/Planning_and_Renewable_Resources/coop_agencies/new_documents/az.Par.30456.File.dat/arizona_6.pdf People of the Desert, Canyons and Pines: Prehistory of the Patayan Country in West Central Arizona, P. 27 The Hualapai] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130927081112/http://www.blm.gov/pgdata/etc/medialib/blm/wo/Planning_and_Renewable_Resources/coop_agencies/new_documents/az.Par.30456.File.dat/arizona_6.pdf |date=2013-09-27 }}</ref> The local groups were composed of several extended family groups, living in small villages:<ref>John R. Swanton (2003): ''The Indian Tribes of North America'', {{ISBN|978-0806317304}}</ref> The Havasupai were one band of the ''Plateau People'' subtribe.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.ic.arizona.edu/~anth4206/206/module_07pr.htm |title=The Upland Yumans |access-date=2012-06-10 |archive-date=2005-03-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050330155954/http://www.ic.arizona.edu/~anth4206/206/module_07pr.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref>
===Plateau People===
''Ko'audva Kopaya'' ("The People Up Above")<ref>{{cite arizona|page=74}}</ref> included seven bands in the plateau and canyon country mostly east of the Truxton Canyon Wash (with "Qwa'ga-we'/Hackberry Springs") and Grand Wash Cliffs, planted in [[Quartermaster Canyon]] (with "Metipka/Mati'bika Spring"), Meriwhitica Canyon (with "Meriwhitica Spring/Indian Gardens"), Milkweed Canyon (with "Hê'l/Milkweed Springs"), Spencer Canyon (with "Matawidita Spring"), Peach Springs Canyon (with "Yiga't/Lower Peach Springs" and "Hake-takwi'va/Peach Springs proper"), [[Diamond Creek (Arizona)|Diamond Creek Canyon (Gwada)]], Prospect Canyon, Mohawk Canyon, and National Canyon, they also occupied portion of the eastern [[Hualapai Valley]] and [[Peacock Mountains]], the Music Mountains, this area include the current Hualapai Reservation, bands listed from west to east:
* '''Mata'va-kapai''' ("Northern People")
** Ha Dooba Pa'a / Haduva Ba:' ("Clay Springs band", lived in the [[Grand Wash Cliffs]], Music Mountains and [[Aquarius Cliffs]], suffered heavy losses during the war.)
** Tanyika Ha' Pa'a / Danyka Ba:' ("Grass Springs band", were largely able to stay away from the fighting.)
Villages (along the edge of the Grand Wash Cliffs): Hadū'ba/Ha'a Dooba ("Clay Springs"), Hai'ya, Hathekáva-kió, Hath'ela/Ha'thi-el ("[Salty] Spring"), Huwuskót, Kahwāga, Kwa'thekithe'i'ta, Metipka/Mati'bika, Oya'a Nisa ("spider cave"), Oya'a Kanyaja, Tanyika'/Danyka ("Grass Springs")
* '''Ko'o'u-kapai''' ("Mesa People")
** Kwagwe' Pa'a / Qwaq We' Ba:' ("[[Hackberry, Arizona|Hackberry [Springs]]] band" or "Truxton Canyon/Crozier Canyon band", later merged with the "Peach Springs band")
** He'l Pa'a / He:l Ba:' ("Milkweed Springs band", lived from Truxton Canyon (or Crozier Canyon) to Ha'ke-takwi'va ("Peach Springs"), suffered heavy casualties.)
Villages (the largest settlements were near Milkweed Springs and Truxton Canyon): Yokamva (today: [[Crozier, Arizona|Crozier [Spring]]], an American appellation), Djiwa'ldja, Hak-tala'kava, Haktutu'deva, Hê'l ("Milkweed Springs", was used in particular for the irrigation of tobacco), Katha't-nye-ha', Muketega'de, Qwa'ga-we'/Kwagwe' ("Hackberry Springs"), Sewi', Taki'otha'wa, Wi-kanyo
* '''Nyav-kapai''' ("Eastern People") (occupied the [[Colorado Plateau]] and canyon lands, except for the "Peach Springs band" the northeastern local groups – the "Pine Springs band" as well as the later Havasupai – were able to keep away from the fights successfully and thus avoid heavy losses.)
** Yi Kwat Pa'a / Iquad Ba:' ("[Lower] Peach Springs band", the present administrative headquarters [[Peach Springs, Arizona|Peach Springs (Hàkđugwi:v)]] of the Hualapai Reserve is located in its former territory, the "Hackberry band" joined the "Peach Springs band" after severe losses)
** Ha'kasa Pa'a / Hak saha Ba:' ("Pine Springs band", also known as "Stinking Water band", joint use areas in the northeastern part of Hualapai territory with the ''Havasooa Pa'a'' band)<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://hualapai-nsn.gov/wp-content/uploads/2011/05/AboutHualapaiBooklet.pdf|title=About the Hualapai Nation}}</ref>
** Havasooa Pa'a / Hav'su Ba:' ("Cataract Canyon band", call themselves ''Havasu Baja'' or ''Havsuw' Baaja'' – "People of the Blue Green Water", lived in several groups along [[Havasu Creek]] in the [[Cataract Canyon|Cataract Canyon (Havasu Canyon)]] and in adjacent valleys of the Grand Canyon, today known as [[Havasupai people|Havasupai]].)
Villages (not included are that of the Havasupai): Agwa'da, Ha'ke-takwi'va/Haketakwtva/Hàkđugwi:v ("Peach Springs proper", literally: "a series/group of springs"), Haksa', Hānya-djiluwa'ya, Tha've-nalnalwi'dje, Wiwakwa'ga, Wi Kasala ("Many Sharp Points Mountain"), Yiga't/Yi Kwat ("Lower Peach Springs")
===Middle Mountain People===
''Witoov Mi'uka Pa'a'' ("Separate Mountain Range People")<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thefreelibrary.com/Bands+of+Gardeners.-a062258677|title=Bands of Gardenerswebsite=www.thefreelibrary.com}}</ref> lived west of the ''Plateau People'' subtribe and mostly north of today's city [[Kingman, Arizona|Kingman]], ranged over the [[Cerbat Mountains|Cerbat]] and [[Black Mountains (Arizona)|Black Mountains]] and portions of the Hualapai, [[Detrital Valley|Detrital]], and [[Sacramento Valley (Arizona)|Sacramento Valleys]].
* '''Soto'lve-kapai''' ("Western People")
** Wikawhata Pa'a / Wi gahwa da Ba:' ("Red Rock band", lived in the northern part of the area up to [[Lake Mead]] and Colorado River in the north, joined the "Cerbat Mountain band" after heavy casualties.)
** Ha Emete Pa'a / Ha'emede: Ba:' (literally: "White Rock Water band", better known as "Cerbat Mountains band", lived in the southern portion of the area, principally in the [[Cerbat Mountains|Cerbat Mountains (Ha'emede:)]] north of [[Camp Beale Springs|Beale's Springs]])
Villages (most settlements were near springs along the eastern slopes of each mountain range): Amadata ("Willow Beach" near [[Hoover Dam]]), Chimethi'ap, Ha'a Taba ("Whiskey Springs"), Ha-kamuê'/Ha'a kumawe' ("Beale's Springs"), Ham sipa (near [[Temple Bar, Lake Mead|Temple Bar]], flooded by Lake Mead), Háka-tovahádja, Ha'a Kawila, Hamte'/Ha'a Emete/Ha'emede: ("White Rock Water", name of a spring in the Cerbat Mountains), Ha'theweli'-kio', Ivthi'ya-tanakwe, Kenyuā'tci, Kwatéhá, Nyi'l'ta, Quwl'-nye-há, Sava Ha'a ("[[Dolan Springs]]"), Sina Ha'a ("Buzzard Spring"), Thawinūya, Tevaha:ja (today: "Canyon Station"), Waika'i'la, Wa-nye-ha'/Wana Ha'a, Wi'ka-tavata'va, Wi-kawea'ta, Winya'-ke-tawasa, Wiyakana'mo
===Yavapai Fighters===
''Yavapai Fighters'' were the largest group, occupied the southern half of the Hualapai country and were the first to fight the enemy [[Yavapai people|Yavapai]] – called by the Hualapai Ji'wha', "The Enemy" – living direct to their south, were almost wiped out during the Hualapai War by fighting, systematic destruction of supplies and fields by the US Army and by famines and diseases erupting thereby, bands listed from west to east:
* '''Hual'la-pai / Howa'la-pai / Hwa:lbáy''' ("Tall [[Pinus ponderosa|Ponderosa Pine]] People", "Pinery People")
** Amat Whala Pa'a / Ha Whala Pa'a / Mad hwa:la Ba:' (literally: "Ponderosa Pine Tree Mountain band", better known as "Hualapai Mountains band", inhabited the [[Hualapai Mountains]] east of present-day Kingman and south of Beale's Springs westward to the Colorado River Valley)
Villages (were concentrated near springs and streams at the northern end of the range): [[Walnut Creek (Arizona)|Walnut Creek]], Hake-djeka'dja, Ilwi'nya-ha', Kahwa't, Tak-tada'pa
* '''Kwe'va-kapai / Koowev Kopai''' ("Southern People")
** Tekiauvla Pa'a / Teki'aulva Pa'a ("Big Sandy River band", also known as "Haksigaela Ba:'", occupied the reach of permanent river flow along the [[Big Sandy River (Arizona)|Big Sandy River]] between [[Wikieup, Arizona|Wikieup]] and [[Signal, Arizona|Signal]], although ranged over in the adjacent mountain slopes.)
** Burro Creek band (lived on the southern tip of the territory of the ''Tekiauvla Pa'a'' partly in [[Upper Burro Creek Wilderness]], farmed along streams and throughout canyons and plateaus along both sides of Burro Creek, intermarried oft with adjacent Yavapai – therefore they were oft mistaken by the Americans for Yavapai, joined after the war larger Hualapai local groups and some Yavapai)<ref>Jeffrey P. Shepherd (2010): ''We Are an Indian Nation:'' A History of the Hualapai People, University of Arizona Press, {{ISBN|978-0816528288}}, p. 142</ref>
Villages: Burro Creek, Chivekaha', Djimwā'nsevio'/Chimwava suyowo' ("Little Cane Springs", literally: "He dragged a [[Chemehuevi]] around."), Ha-djiluwa'ya, Hapu'k/Hapuk/Ha'a pook ("[Cofer] Hot Spring"), Kwakwa', Kwal-hwa'ta, Kwathā'wa, Magio'o' ("Francis Creek"), Tak-mi'nva/Takaminva ("Big Cane Springs")
* '''Hakia'tce-pai''' ("Mohon Mountain People") also known as "Talta'l-kuwa", occupied rugged mountain country.
** Ha'a Kiacha Pa'a / Ha gi a:ja Ba:' (literally: "Fort Rock Creek band", better known as "Mohon Mountains band" or "Mahone Mountain band", "Fort Rock Creek" is the American appellation of a spring and their main settlement on Fort Rock Creek, headwaters of Trout Creek, lived in the [[Mohon Mountains]].)
** Whala Kijapa P'a / Hwalgijapa Ba:' ("Juniper Mountains band", lived in the [[Juniper Mountains]])
Villages: Cottonwood Creek (or "Cottonwood Station"), Hakeskia'l/Ha'a Kesbial ("where one creek goes into another"), Ha'a Kiacha/Hakia'ch/Hakia'tce ("Fort Rock Creek Spring", main settlement), Ka'nyu'tekwa', Knight Creek, Tha'va-ka-lavala'va, Trout Creek, Willow Creek, Wi-ka-tāva, Witevikivol, Witkitana'kwa
==Education==
Sections of the Hualapai Reservation in Mohave County are within the [[Peach Springs Unified School District]] and the [[Hackberry School District]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www2.census.gov/geo/maps/DC2020/PL20/st04_az/schooldistrict_maps/c04015_mohave/DC20SD_C04015.pdf|title=2020 Census School District Reference Map: Mohave County, AZ|publisher=[[U.S. Census Bureau]]|accessdate=2022-01-17}}</ref> According to the [[Valentine Elementary School District]], some Hualapai students go outside of the reservation to that school district.<ref name=About>{{cite web|url=https://www.valentineaz.net/page/about|title=About Valentine Elementary|publisher=Valentine Elementary School District|accessdate=2022-01-24|quote=12491 Byers St, Peach Springs, Arizona, AZ}} – The address states "Peach Springs, AZ" but the school, as per the page, is in Truxton.</ref> As Peach Springs USD closed its high school ([[Music Mountain Junior/Senior High School]]) in 2008, high school students may attend school in the [[Kingman Unified School District]] or the [[Seligman Unified School District]].<ref>{{Cite web| title = HB2515 – 491R – House Bill Summary| accessdate = 2021-11-10| url = https://www.azleg.gov/legtext/49leg/1r/summary/h.hb2515_03-02-09_ed(2).doc.htm}}</ref>
According to Coconino County's parcel viewer, the Hualapai reservation sections in that county are in the "Unorganized School District #00".<ref>{{cite web|url=https://coconinocounty.maps.arcgis.com/apps/webappviewer/index.html?id=868170827e4443d2be37eb60562446ae|title=Coconino County Parcel Viewer|publisher=Coconino County|accessdate=2021-07-11}} – [https://utility.arcgisonline.com/arcgis/rest/directories/arcgisoutput/Utilities/PrintingTools_GPServer/x_____xY0jli5MmsEg5f7WaZjPkFg..x_____x_ags_0f27f692-7750-11ec-badf-22000a63ebfa.pdf Permalink to map with school district boundary] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220117044659/https://utility.arcgisonline.com/arcgis/rest/directories/arcgisoutput/Utilities/PrintingTools_GPServer/x_____xY0jli5MmsEg5f7WaZjPkFg..x_____x_ags_0f27f692-7750-11ec-badf-22000a63ebfa.pdf |date=2022-01-17 }}</ref> According to Arizona law, an unorganized school district is one that does not have a high school.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.pvschools.net/cms/lib/AZ01902189/Centricity/Domain/45/article-15-student-eligibility-rules.pdf|title=Article 15 Student Eligibility Rules|publisher=[[Paradise Valley Unified School District]]|page=38 (PDF p. 2/14)|accessdate=2021-07-11}}{{Dead link|date=August 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>
The portion of the Hualapai Reservation in Yavapai County is within the Seligman district.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www2.census.gov/geo/maps/DC2020/PL20/st04_az/schooldistrict_maps/c04025_yavapai/DC20SD_C04025.pdf|title=2020 Census – School District Reference Map: Yavapai County, AZ|publisher=[[U.S. Census Bureau]]|accessdate=2022-01-17}}</ref>
==See also==
* [[Bat Cave mine]]
* [[Grand Canyon Skywalk]]
* [[Kiowa Gordon]], actor in [[The Twilight Saga: New Moon|''New Moon'']]
== Notes ==
{{reflist}}
==References==
* [http://itcaonline.com/?page_id=1164 Intertribal Council of Arizona (Hualapai)]
* [https://www.census.gov Hualapai Reservation and Off-Reservation Trust Land, Arizona] United States Census Bureau
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20070328232004/http://www.ics.uci.edu/~aisi/97_aisics/people/odavis/hualapai1.html Hualapai Tribe]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20061205191818/http://cpluhna.nau.edu/People/pais.htm The Havasupai and the Hualapai]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20060516072812/http://www.citlink.net/~mocohist/museum/beale.htm Camp Beale's Springs – Mohave Museum]
* {{cite book | author=Thrapp, Dan L. | title=The Conquest of Apacheria | location=Norman, OK | publisher=University of Oklahoma Press | year=1967 | id=LCCC 67-15588}}
==Further reading==
* Billingsley, G.H. et al. (1999). ''Breccia-pipe and geologic map of the southwestern part of the Hualapai Indian Reservation and vicinity, Arizona'' [Miscellaneous Investigations Series; Map I-2554]. Reston, VA: U.S. Department of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey.
== External links ==
{{Commons category|Hualapai|<br />Hualapai}}
* [http://hualapai-nsn.gov/ The official '''Hualapai Tribal website''']
* [http://search.news.yahoo.com/search/news?p=Grand+Canyon+to+Get+Glass-Bottomed+Walk&c= Grand Canyon Skywalk news]
{{Indigenous People of AZ}}{{Grand Canyon}}
{{Coconino County, Arizona}}
{{Mohave County, Arizona}}
{{Yavapai County, Arizona}}
{{authority control}}
[[Category:Hualapai| ]]
[[Category:Native American tribes in Arizona]]
[[Category:American Indian reservations in Arizona]]
[[Category:Federally recognized tribes in the United States]]
[[Category:Grand Canyon]]
[[Category:Grand Canyon history]]
[[Category:History of Coconino County, Arizona]]
[[Category:History of Mohave County, Arizona]]
[[Category:Native American history of Arizona]]
[[Category:Prescott, Arizona]]