View source for Hydra–Centaurus Supercluster

{{Short description|Former galaxy supercluster}}
{{Infobox galaxy cluster
| name = Hydra–Centaurus Supercluster
| image = Hyamap.gif
| image_scale = 2
| caption = Three-dimensional map of the Hydra Supercluster
| credit =
| epoch = [[Epoch (astronomy)#Julian years and J2000|J2000]]
| constellation =
| ra = {{RA|13|14|00.0|}}<ref name=":7" />
| dec = {{DEC|-33|18|00}}<ref name=":7" />
| brightest_member =
| member_no =
| major_axis_mpc = <!-- {{convert|000|Mpc|Mly|0|abbr=on|lk=on}} {{hub|0.00}} -->
| minor_axis_mpc = <!-- {{convert|000|Mpc|Mly|0|abbr=on|lk=on}} {{hub|0.00}} -->
| parent = [[Laniakea Supercluster]]
| redshift = 0.016000 (4,797 km/s)<ref name=":8" />
| distance = ~{{convert|39-69.4|Mpc|Mly|0|abbr=on|lk=on}}<ref name=":6" /><ref name=":8" />
| mass = <!-- 0{{e|14}} {{hub|0.00}} [[solar mass|M<sub>☉</sub>]] -->
| luminosity =
| flux =
| other_names = Cen-Hya Supercluster, Hydra-Cen Supercluster, Hydra-Centaurus Supercluster, SCI 128<ref name=":7" />
}}
The '''Hydra–Centaurus Supercluster''' ('''SCl 128'''),<ref name=":6">{{Cite journal |last1=Einasto |first1=M. |last2=Einasto |first2=J. |last3=Tago |first3=E. |last4=Müller |first4=V. |last5=Andernach |first5=H. |date=2001-11-01 |title=Optical and X-Ray Clusters as Tracers of the Supercluster-Void Network. I. Superclusters of Abell and X-Ray Clusters |url=https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2001AJ....122.2222E |journal=The Astronomical Journal |volume=122 |issue=5 |pages=2222–2242 |doi=10.1086/323707 |arxiv=astro-ph/0012536 |bibcode=2001AJ....122.2222E |s2cid=16129925 |issn=0004-6256}}</ref> or the '''Hydra''' and '''Centaurus Superclusters''',<ref name=":7">{{Cite web |title=scl 128 |url=https://simbad.u-strasbg.fr/simbad/sim-id |access-date=2023-09-03 |website=simbad.u-strasbg.fr}}</ref> was a previously defined [[supercluster]] in two parts, which prior to the identification of [[Laniakea Supercluster]] in 2014 is the closest [[Neighbourhood|neighbour]] of the former [[Virgo Supercluster]]. Its center is located about {{convert|39|Mpc|Mly|0|abbr=on|lk=on}} away,<ref name=":6" /> with it extending to a maximum distance of around {{convert|69|Mpc|Mly|0|abbr=on|lk=on}}.<ref name=":8">{{Cite web |title=Your NED Search Results |url=https://ned.ipac.caltech.edu/cgi-bin/objsearch?objname=SCl%20128&extend=no&hconst=73&omegam=0.27&omegav=0.73&corr_z=1&out_csys=Equatorial&out_equinox=J2000.0&obj_sort=RA+or+Longitude&of=pre_text&zv_breaker=30000.0&list_limit=5&img_stamp=YES |access-date=2024-06-23 |website=ned.ipac.caltech.edu}}</ref>
== Physical characteristics ==
The supercluster includes four large [[Groups and clusters of galaxies|galaxy clusters]] in the Centaurus part, also known as the "4 clusters<nowiki>''</nowiki> filament,<ref name=":0" /> or <nowiki>''</nowiki>[[4 cluster strand|4 clusters strand]]<nowiki>''</nowiki>:<ref name=":3">{{Cite journal |last1=Shaya |first1=Edward J. |last2=Tully |first2=R. Brent |last3=Pomarède |first3=Daniel |author-link3=Daniel Pomarède |last4=Peel |first4=Alan |date=2022-03-01 |title=Galaxy Flows within 8000 km s<sup>−1</sup> from Numerical Action Methods |journal=The Astrophysical Journal |volume=927 |issue=2 |pages=168 |doi=10.3847/1538-4357/ac4f66 |arxiv=2201.12315 |bibcode=2022ApJ...927..168S |issn=0004-637X |doi-access=free }}</ref>
*[[Centaurus Cluster|Abell 3526 (Centaurus Cluster)]]
*[[Abell 3565]]
*[[Abell 3574]]
*[[Abell 3581]]
The filament which also includes the major cluster [[Abell S753]] and exends up to around {{convert|80|Mpc|Mly|abbr=on|lk=on|order=flip}} to reach the rich galaxy cluster [[Abell 3581]].<ref name=":0" />
=== Antlia Wall ===
The [[Antlia Wall]],<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal |last1=Courtois |first1=Hélène M. |author-link=Hélène Courtois |last2=Pomarède |first2=Daniel |author-link2=Daniel Pomarède |last3=Tully |first3=R. Brent |last4=Hoffman |first4=Yehuda |last5=Courtois |first5=Denis |title=Cosmography of the Local Universe |date=2013-08-14 |url=https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/0004-6256/146/3/69 |journal=The Astronomical Journal |volume=146 |issue=3 |pages=69 |doi=10.1088/0004-6256/146/3/69 |arxiv=1306.0091 |bibcode=2013AJ....146...69C |s2cid=118625532 |issn=0004-6256}}</ref> also known as the [[Antlia Strand]],<ref name=":1">{{Cite journal |last1=Pomarède |first1=Daniel |author-link=Daniel Pomarède |last2=Hoffman |first2=Yehuda |last3=Courtois |first3=Hélène M. |author-link3=Hélène Courtois |last4=Tully |first4=R. Brent |date=2017-08-10 |title=The Cosmic V-Web |journal=The Astrophysical Journal |language=en |volume=845 |issue=1 |pages=55 |doi=10.3847/1538-4357/aa7f78 |arxiv=1706.03413 |bibcode=2017ApJ...845...55P |issn=0004-637X |doi-access=free }}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite journal |last1=Shaya |first1=Edward J. |last2=Tully |first2=R. Brent |last3=Hoffman |first3=Yehuda |last4=Pomarède |first4=Daniel |author-link4=Daniel Pomarède |date=2017-12-04 |title=Action Dynamics of the Local Supercluster |journal=The Astrophysical Journal |volume=850 |issue=2 |pages=207 |doi=10.3847/1538-4357/aa9525 |arxiv=1710.08935 |bibcode=2017ApJ...850..207S |issn=1538-4357 |doi-access=free }}</ref><ref name=":3" /> '''Hydra Wall''',<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Fairall |first=Anthony P. |url=https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1998lssu.conf.....F |title=Large-scale structures in the universe |journal=Large-Scale Structures in the Universe / Anthony P. Fairall. New York: Wiley |date=1998-01-01|bibcode=1998lssu.conf.....F }}</ref> '''Hydra-Antlia wall''', '''Hydra-Antlia extension''',<ref name=":5" /> and the '''Hydra-Antlia filament''',<ref>{{Cite journal |title=1994ASPC...67...99K Page 99 |url=https://adsabs.harvard.edu/full/1994ASPC...67...99K |access-date=2023-09-03 |journal=Unveiling Large-Scale Structures Behind the Milky Way|bibcode=1994ASPC...67...99K |last1=Kraan-Korteweg |first1=R. C. |last2=Cayette |first2=V. |last3=Balkowski |first3=C. |last4=Fairall |first4=A. P. |last5=Henning |first5=P. A. |date=1994 |volume=67 |page=99 }}</ref> is a filament that emeges from the [[Centaurus Cluster]], passes under the [[Zone of Avoidance]] (ZOA) as the "'''Puppis filament'''",<ref name=":1" /> to link up the [[Lepus Cloud]].<ref name=":0" /> This filament then passes though a region containing the [[NGC 1600 Group]] before crossing the boundary where the gravitional flows of galaxies between the [[Laniakea Supercluster|Laniakea]] and [[Perseus–Pisces Supercluster|Perseus–Pisces superclusters]] diverge<ref name=":1" /> to link up with the Perseus–Pisces supercluster at a distance of around {{convert|130|Mpc|Mly|abbr=on|lk=on|order=flip}} from the Centaurus Cluster.<ref name=":2" /> The filament contains two major clusters:
*[[Hydra Cluster]] (A1060)
*[[Antlia Cluster]] (AS0636)<ref name=":5">{{Cite journal |last1=Kraan-Korteweg |first1=R. C. |last2=Fairall |first2=A. P. |last3=Balkowski |first3=C. |date=1995-05-01 |title=Extragalactic Large-scale structures behind the southern Milky Way.I. Redshifts obtained at the SAAO in the Hydra/Antlia extension. |url=https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1995A&A...297..617K |journal=Astronomy and Astrophysics |volume=297 |pages=617 |arxiv=astro-ph/9411089 |bibcode=1995A&A...297..617K |issn=0004-6361}}</ref>
In 2014, it was revealed that the Antlia Wall along with the rest of the Hydra–Centaurus supercluster is connected to the Perseus–Pisces Supercluster.<ref name=":4">{{cite journal |last1=Tully |first1=R. Brent |last2=Courtois |first2=Hélène |author-link2=Hélène Courtois |last3=Hoffman |first3=Yehuda |last4=Pomarède |first4=Daniel |author-link4=Daniel Pomarède |date=2 September 2014 |title=The Laniakea supercluster of galaxies |journal=Nature |publication-date=4 September 2014 |volume=513 |pages=71–73 |arxiv=1409.0880 |bibcode=2014Natur.513...71T |doi=10.1038/nature13674 |pmid=25186900 |s2cid=205240232 |number=7516}}</ref> Later in 2017, Pomarède et.al identified based on the flow of galaxies that the Antlia Wall along with the Lepus Cloud are part of a substantial filament known as the '''Centaurus–Puppis–PP Filament'''<ref name=":1" /> that extends around {{convert|130|Mpc|Mly|abbr=on|lk=on|order=flip}} from the Centaurus Cluster all the way to the Perseus–Pisces supercluster.<ref name=":2" /> The Centaurus–Puppis–PP Filament along with the Southern Supercluster Strand<ref name=":1" /> which contains the [[Eridanus-Fornax-Dorado Filament]] and the [[Telescopium−Grus Cloud]],<ref name=":0" /> are part of wall that makes up the front boundary of the [[Sculptor Void]].
Before 2017, it was not known that the Antlia Wall and the Lepus Cloud were part of the same structure, the Centaurus–Puppis–PP Filament. This is because the Centaurus–Puppis–PP Filament goes under the ZOA of the [[Milky Way]], which caused parts of the filament to be obscured by the disk of the galaxy on the sky, resulting in the naming of the different visible pieces of filament.<ref name=":1" />
==== Other clusters ====
Apart from the central clusters, which are 150 to 200 million [[light year]]s away, several smaller clusters belong to the group.
Within the proximity of this supercluster lies the [[Great Attractor]], dominated by the [[Norma Cluster]] (Abell 3627). This massive cluster of galaxies exerts a large gravitational force, causing all matter within 50 Mpc to experience a bulk flow of 600&nbsp;km/s toward the Norma Cluster.<ref name="plionis91">
{{cite journal
|author1=Plionis, Manolis |author2=Valdarnini, Riccardo | title   = Evidence for large-scale structure on scales about 300/h MPC
| journal = [[Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society]]
| date    = March 1, 1991
| volume  = 249
| issue   = March 1, 1991
| pages   = 46–61
| bibcode = 1991MNRAS.249...46P
| doi     = 10.1093/mnras/249.1.46
| doi-access= free
}}</ref>
==Laniakea==
A 2014 announcement says that the Centaurus Supercluster (Hydra–Centaurus) is just a lobe in a greater supercluster, [[Laniakea Supercluster|Laniakea]], that is centered on the [[Great Attractor]]. That supercluster would include the Virgo Supercluster, therefore including the [[Milky Way]] where Earth resides.
==See also==
* [[Abell catalogue]]
* [[Great Attractor]]
* [[Observable universe#Large-scale structure|Large-scale structure of the universe]]
* [[List of Abell clusters]]
* [[Supercluster]]
==References==
{{reflist}}
== External links ==
*[http://www.atlasoftheuniverse.com/superc/hya.html Complete detail of Hydra Supercluster on atlasoftheuniverse.com]
*[http://www.atlasoftheuniverse.com/superc/cen.html Complete detail of Centaurus Supercluster on atlasoftheuniverse.com]
{{Sky|12|48|49.3|-|41|18|40|116000000}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Hydra-Centaurus Supercluster}}
[[Category:Hydra-Centaurus Supercluster| ]]
[[Category:Laniakea Supercluster]]
[[Category:Galaxy superclusters]]