View source for INDECT

{{Short description|Research project in the area of intelligent security systems}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2019}}
{{Infobox research project
|  name=INDECT
|  title=Intelligent information system supporting observation, searching and detection for security of citizens in urban environment
|  keywords=[[security]], [[computer data processing]], [[metadata]], [[digital watermarking]], [[artificial intelligence]], [[signal processing]]
|  image=
|  funding_agency=[[European Union]]
|  project_type=Collaborative Project
|  project_reference=[[Seventh Framework Programme|FP7]]-2007-SEC-218086
|  research_objective=SEC-2007-1.2-01 Intelligent urban environment observation system
|  budget= 14,828,107.00 [[Euro]]
|  funding= 10,906,984.00 [[Euro]]
|  duration= 66 months
|  coordinator= AGH – University of Science and Technology (Poland)
|  participants={{plainlist|
* Gdansk University of Technology (Poland)
* InnoTec DATA GmbH & Co. (Germany)
* IP Grenoble (Ensimag) (France)
* General Headquarters of Police (Poland)
* Products and Systems of Information Technology (Germany)
* Police Service of Northern Ireland (United Kingdom)
* Poznan University of Technology (Poland)
* Universidad Carlos III de Madrid (Spain)
* Technical University of Sofia (Bulgaria)
* University of Wuppertal (Germany)
* University of York (United Kingdom)
* Technical University of Ostrava (Czech Republic)
* Technical University of Kosice (Slovak Republic)
* X-Art Pro Division G.m.b.H. (Austria)
* Fachhochschule Technikum Wien (Austria)
}}
|  start=2009-01-01
|  end=2014-06-30
|  website={{URL|http://www.indect-project.eu}}
}}
{{POV check|date=September 2014}}
'''INDECT''' is a research project in the area of intelligent security systems performed by several European universities since 2009 and funded by the [[European Union]].<ref>[ftp://ftp.cordis.europa.eu/pub/fp7/docs/fp7-ga-annex2-v5_en.pdf] Project's Grant Agreement</ref> The purpose of the project is to involve European scientists and researchers in the development of solutions to and tools for automatic threat detection<ref>[http://www.indect-project.eu/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110108165259/http://www.indect-project.eu/ |date=8 January 2011 }} Official website</ref> through e.g. processing of [[CCTV camera]] data streams,<ref>[https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/6210255/EU-funding-Orwellian-artificial-intelligence-plan-to-monitor-public-for-abnormal-behaviour.html] EU funding 'Orwellian' artificial intelligence plan to monitor public for "abnormal behaviour"</ref> standardization of video sequence quality for user applications,<ref>{{cite journal | url=https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs11042-012-1161-6 | doi=10.1007/s11042-012-1161-6 | title=Optimising task-based video quality | date=2014 | last1=Leszczuk | first1=Mikołaj | journal=Multimedia Tools and Applications | volume=68 | pages=41–58 | doi-access=free }}</ref> threat detection in computer networks<ref>{{cite book | chapter-url=https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007%2F978-3-642-21512-4_4 | doi=10.1007/978-3-642-21512-4_4 | chapter=INACT — INDECT Advanced Image Cataloguing Tool | title=Multimedia Communications, Services and Security | series=Communications in Computer and Information Science | date=2011 | last1=Grega | first1=Michał | last2=Bryk | first2=Damian | last3=Napora | first3=Maciej | last4=Gusta | first4=Marcin | volume=149 | pages=28–36 | isbn=978-3-642-21511-7 }}</ref> as well as data and privacy protection.<ref>[http://www.indect-project.eu/benefits-for-the-security-of-citizens-selected-tools-and-applications] Benefits for the security of citizens & selected tools and applications — indect-home</ref><ref>{{cite book | chapter-url=https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/6657328 | doi=10.1109/ARES.2013.112 | chapter=Overview of Recent Advances in CCTV Processing Chain in the INDECT and INSIGMA Projects | title=2013 International Conference on Availability, Reliability and Security | date=2013 | last1=Dziech | first1=Andrzej | last2=Bialas | first2=Jaroslaw | last3=Glowacz | first3=Andrzej | last4=Korus | first4=Pawel | last5=Leszczuk | first5=Mikolaj | last6=Matiolalski | first6=Andrzej | last7=Baran | first7=Remigiusz | pages=836–843 | isbn=978-0-7695-5008-4 }}</ref>
The area of research, applied methods, and techniques are described in the public deliverables<ref>[http://www.indect-project.eu/public-deliverables] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110303204551/http://www.indect-project.eu/public-deliverables |date=3 March 2011 }} Public Deliverables</ref> which are available to the public on the project's website. Practically, all information related to the research is public. Only documents that comprise information related to financial data or information that could negatively influence the competitiveness and law enforcement capabilities of parties involved in the project are not published. This follows regulations and practices applied in EU research projects.
==Application and target users==
The main end-user of INDECT solutions are police forces and security services.
The principle of operation of the project is detecting threats and identifying sources of threats, without monitoring and searching for particular citizens or groups of citizens. Then, the system operator (''i.e.'' police officer) decides whether an intervention of services responsible for public security are required or not. Further investigation eventually leading to persons related to threats is performed, preserving the presumption of innocence,<ref>http://www.policja.pl/ftp/pliki/police_act.pdf {{Bare URL PDF|date=March 2022}}</ref> based on existing procedures already used by police services and prosecutors.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getAllAnswers.do?reference=E-2010-8217&language=EN|title=Answer to a written question - Indect project - E-8217/2010|publisher=}}</ref> As it can be found in the project deliverables, INDECT does not involve storage of personal data (such as names, addresses, identity document numbers, etc.).
A similar, behavior-based surveillance program was [[SAMURAI]] ''(Suspicious and Abnormal behavior Monitoring Using a netwoRk of cAmeras & sensors for sItuation awareness enhancement)''.<ref>[http://cordis.europa.eu/project/rcn/89343_en.html CORDIS record for "SAMURAI"]</ref>
==Expected results==
The main expected results of the INDECT project are:
* Trial of intelligent analysis of video and audio data for threat detection in urban environments
* Creation of tools and technology for privacy and data protection during storage and transmission of information using [[quantum cryptography]] and new methods of [[digital watermarking]]
* Performing computer-aided detection of threats and targeted crimes in Internet resources with privacy-protecting solutions
* Implementation of a distributed computer system that is capable of effective intelligent processing
==Controversy==
Some media and other sources<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/6210255/EU-funding-Orwellian-artificial-intelligence-plan-to-monitor-public-for-abnormal-behaviour.html|title=EU funding 'Orwellian' artificial intelligence plan to monitor public for|author=Ian Johnston|date=19 September 2009|work=Telegraph.co.uk}}</ref> accuse INDECT of privacy abuse, collecting personal data,<ref>[http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getAllAnswers.do?reference=E-2010-8217&language=EN] European Parliament on data protection</ref> and keeping information from the public.<ref>[http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getAllAnswers.do?reference=E-2010-7521&language=EN] European Parliament on the project's transparency to the public</ref> Consequently, these issues have been commented and discussed by some Members of the European Parliament.<ref>[http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sidesSearch/sipadeMapUrl.do?PROG=QP&SORT_ORDER=DA&S_REF_QP=%25&S_RANK=%25&F_MI_TEXT=indect&MI_TEXT=indect&LEG_ID=7&L=EN] Parliamentary questions</ref><ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-//EP//NONSGML+WDECL+P7-DCL-2010-0082+0+DOC+PDF+V0//EN&language=EN |title=written declaration (Number of signatories : 177) }}&nbsp;{{small|(102&nbsp;KB)}}</ref>
As seen in the project's documentation, INDECT does not involve [[mobile phone tracking]] or call interception.<ref>[http://www.indect-project.eu/files/deliverables/public/INDECT_Deliverable_D5_1.pdf] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120810122949/http://www.indect-project.eu/files/deliverables/public/INDECT_Deliverable_D5_1.pdf |date=10 August 2012 }}, Preliminary report on police and prosecutor repositories and access procedures</ref>
The rumors about testing INDECT during [[2012 UEFA European Football Championship]] also turned out to be false.<ref>[http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getAllAnswers.do?reference=E-2010-6912&language=EN], European Parliament on testing INDECT during EURO 2012.</ref>
The mid-term review of the [[Seventh Framework Programme]] to the European Parliament strongly urges the European Commission to immediately make all documents available and to define a clear and strict mandate for the research goal, the application, and the end users of INDECT, and stresses a thorough investigation of the possible impact on [[Fundamental rights#Europe|fundamental rights]].<ref>[[Committee on Industry, Research and Energy]]: [http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-//EP//TEXT+REPORT+A7-2011-0160+0+DOC+XML+V0//EN Report on the mid-term review of the Seventh Framework Programme of the European Union for research, technological development and demonstration activities (2011/2043(INI)).] Results of FP7, 27. 18 April 2011.</ref> Nevertheless, according to Mr. Paweł Kowal, MEP, the project had the ethical review on 15 March 2011 in Brussels with the participation of ethics experts from Austria, France, Netherlands, Germany and Great Britain.
==See also==
* [[Facial recognition system]]
* [[Mass surveillance#European Union|Mass surveillance (European Union)]]
* Behavioral Recognition Systems, Inc.
* [[Video content analysis]]
* [[Artificial intelligence for video surveillance]]
==Further reading==
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20110108165259/http://www.indect-project.eu/ Official website]
*[http://www.indect-project.eu/files/deliverables/public/INDECT_Deliverable_D9%204_v20100127.pdf/view INDECT Evaluation of Components, D9.4 WP9]
*[https://www.youtube.com/user/INDECTproject Official INDECT YouTube channel]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20110720145622/http://www.it.uc3m.es/~muruenya/papers/MCSS10XplicoAlerts.pdf European FP7-SEC: On detecting Internet-based criminal threats with XplicoAlerts]
*[http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getAllAnswers.do?reference=E-2010-7521&language=EN Answer given by European Parliament concerning INDECT]
*[http://cordis.europa.eu/fp7/security/fp7-project-leaflets_en.html List of EU Security Research projects]
==References==
{{reflist|30em}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Indect}}
[[Category:Law enforcement techniques]]
[[Category:Public safety]]
[[Category:Research projects]]
[[Category:2009 establishments in the European Union]]
[[Category:Video surveillance]]
[[Category:Computer vision]]