View source for Ich freue mich in dir, BWV 133

{{Infobox Bach composition
| name                 = {{lang|de|Ich freue mich in dir}}
| bwv                   = 133
| type                  = [[Chorale cantata (Bach)|Chorale cantata]]
| image                 = Thomaskirche-1885.png
| caption               = [[Thomaskirche]], Leipzig 1885
| occasion              = Third Day of [[Christmas]]
| performed             = {{Timeline-event|date={{Start date|1724|12|27|df=y}}|location=[[Leipzig]]}}
| movements             = 6
| chorale               = {{based on|"{{lang|de|Ich freue mich in dir|italic=no}}|[[Caspar Ziegler]]}}
| vocal                 = [[SATB|{{abbr|SATB|soprano, alto, tenor and bass}}]] choir and solo
| instrumental          = {{hlist | cornett | 2 oboes d'amore | 2 violins | viola | continuo }}
}}
'''{{lang|de|Ich freue mich in dir}}''' (I rejoice in You),<ref name="Dellal" /> '''{{abbr|BWV|Bach-Werke-Verzeichnis (catalogue of Bach's works)}}{{nbsp}}133''', is a [[Bach cantata|church cantata]] by [[Johann Sebastian Bach]]. He composed the [[Christmas cantata]] in [[Leipzig]] in 1724 for the Third Day of [[Christmas]] and first performed it on 27 December 1724. The [[Chorale cantata (Bach)|chorale cantata]] is based on the 1697 [[hymn]] by [[Caspar Ziegler]].
== History and words ==
Bach wrote the chorale cantata in his second year as [[Thomaskantor]] in [[Leipzig]], as part of [[Bach's second cantata cycle|his second cantata cycle]], for the [[List of church cantatas by liturgical occasion#Third Day of Christmas (27 December: Christmas 3)|Third Day of Christmas]].<ref name="Dürr" /> The prescribed readings for the feast day were from the [[Epistle to the Hebrews]], Christ is higher than the angels, ({{Sourcetext|source=Bible|version=King James|book=Hebrews|chapter=1|verse=1|range=–14}}) and the prologue of the [[Gospel of John]], also called [[Gospel of John#Hymn to the Word|Hymn to the Word]] ({{Sourcetext|source=Bible|version=King James|book=John|chapter=1|verse=1|range=–14}}). The cantata is based on the chorale in four [[stanza]]s {{lang|de|Ich freue mich in dir}} (1697) by [[Caspar Ziegler]].<ref name="chorale text" /> It is one of the newest of the chorales which served as a base for the second annual cycle, whereas Bach otherwise preferred the beloved hymns of poets such as [[Martin Luther]] and [[Paul Gerhardt]].<ref name="Wolff" /> The unknown poet of the cantata text retained the first and the last stanza, and paraphrased the inner stanzas closely to a sequence of [[recitative]] and [[aria]]. The text has no reference to the readings nor to the feast of [[John the Evangelist]]. It expresses the intimate joy of the individual believer about the presence of God in the Jesus child.
Bach first performed the cantata on 27 December 1724.<ref name="Dürr" /> Bach's Thomaskantor successor [[Gottlob Harrer]]  performed the cantata after Bach's death.<ref name="Wolff" />
The cantata's autograph manuscript was purported to be owned by [[Wilhelm Friedemann Bach]]. In 1827, it was sold at auction in Berlin with several other Bach cantata autographs and manuscripts to Carl Pistor. Pistor invited [[Felix Mendelssohn|Mendelssohn]] to catalog the auction materials, which became the original autographs in the vast [[Ernst Rudorff|Rudorff]] collection; in return Pistor gifted the autograph of BWV133 to Mendelssohn.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Reich |first=Nancy B. |date=1974 |title=The Rudorff Collection |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/897122 |journal=Notes |volume=31 |issue=2 |pages=247–261 |doi=10.2307/897122 |jstor=897122 |issn=0027-4380}}</ref>
== Scoring and structure ==
The cantata in six [[Movement (music)|movements]] is scored for four vocal soloists ([[soprano]], [[alto]], [[tenor]], and [[Bass (voice type)|bass]]), a [[SATB|four-part choir]], [[cornett]] to double the chorale melody, two [[oboe d'amore|oboes d'amore]], two [[violin]]s, [[viola]], and [[basso continuo]].<ref name="Dürr" />
# Chorus: {{lang|de|Ich freue mich in dir|italic=no}}
# Aria (alto): {{lang|de|Getrost! es faßt ein heil'ger Leib|italic=no}}
# Recitative (tenor): {{lang|de|Ein Adam mag sich voller Schrecken|italic=no}}
# Aria (soprano): {{lang|de|Wie lieblich klingt es in den Ohren|italic=no}}
# Recitative (bass): {{lang|de|Wohlan, des Todes Furcht und Schmerz|italic=no}}
# Chorale: {{lang|de|Wohlan, so will ich mich|italic=no}}
== Music ==
The chorale is sung on a variant of a melody of {{lang|de|O Gott, du frommer Gott|italic=no}}.<ref name="chorale melody" /> This melody was probably new to Bach who noted it in the score of the [[Sanctus]], which he also composed for Christmas in 1724 and later made part of his [[Mass in B minor structure|Mass in B minor]]. The cornetto plays the [[cantus firmus]] with the soprano, the oboes play with violin II and viola, whereas violin 1 "shines above the rest". The lower voices are set mostly in [[homophony]], with the exception of expressing "{{lang|de|Der große Gottessohn|italic=no}}" (the great son of God).<ref name="Dellal" /> [[John Eliot Gardiner]] summarizes: "I find it hard to imagine music that conveys more persuasively the essence, the exuberance and the sheer exhilaration of Christmas than the opening chorus of BWV 133".<ref name="Gardiner" />
While Bach's Weimar cantata {{lang|de|[[Christen, ätzet diesen Tag, BWV 63|''Christen, ätzet diesen Tag'', BWV 63]] |italic=unset}}, expressed a communal joy in two choral movements and two duets, a sequence of four movements for a single voice reflects the joy of the individual believer. The alto aria is accompanied by the two oboi d'amore, the soprano aria by the strings, changing from an even time in the outer sections to a [[siciliana|siciliano]] in the middle section.<ref name="Wolff" /> The tenor recitative is marked adagio twice, once to stress "{{lang|de|Der allerhöchste Gotte kehrt selber bei uns ein|italic=no}}" (Almighty God Himself here visits us),<ref name="Dellal" /> finally to quote from the chorale in both words and music "{{lang|de|Wird er ein kleines Kind und heißt mein Jesulein|italic=no}}" (He has become a little child and is called my little Jesus).<ref name="Dellal" /> The cantata is closed by a four-part setting of the last chorale stanza.<ref name="Mincham" />
== Recordings ==
{{Cantata discography header | work=''Ich freue mich in dir'' | show_choir_type=yes | instruments={{abbr|Instr.|Type of instruments}} }}
{{Cantata discography row
| id = Gielen
| title = ''J. S. Bach: Cantatas BWV 122 & BWV 133''
| conductor = {{sortname|Michael|Gielen}}
| choir = [[Wiener Kammerchor]]
| orchestra = [[Vienna State Opera Orchestra]]
| soloists = {{plainlist|
* [[Margit Opawsky]]
* [[Hilde Rössel-Majdan]]
* [[Waldemar Kmentt]]
* [[Harald Hermann]]
}}
| label = Vanguard Bach Guild
| year = {{Start date|1952}}
| choir_type =
| orchestra_type =
}}
{{Cantata discography row
| id = Rilling
| title = ''Die Bach Kantate Vol. 64''
| conductor = {{sortname|Helmuth|Rilling}}
| choir = [[Gächinger Kantorei]]
| orchestra = [[Bach-Collegium Stuttgart]]
| soloists = {{plainlist|
* [[Arleen Augér]]
* [[Doris Soffel]]
* [[Aldo Baldin]]
* [[Philippe Huttenlocher]]
}}
| label = [[Hänssler Classic|Hänssler]]
| year = {{Start date|1980}}
| choir_type =
| orchestra_type =
}}
{{Cantata discography row
| id = Leonhardt
| title = ''J. S. Bach: Das Kantatenwerk • Complete Cantatas • Les Cantates, Folge / Vol. 7''
| conductor = {{sortname|Gustav|Leonhardt}}
| choir = [[Knabenchor Hannover]]
| orchestra = [[Concentus Musicus Wien]]
| soloists = {{plainlist|
* Soloist of the Knabenchor Hannover
* [[René Jacobs]]
* [[Marius van Altena]]
* [[Max van Egmond]]
}}
| label = [[Teldec]]<br />
| year = {{Start date|1973}}
| choir_type =
| orchestra_type = Period
}}
{{Cantata discography row
| id = Leusink
| title = ''Bach Edition Vol. 4 – Cantatas Vol. 1''
| conductor = {{sortname|Pieter Jan|Leusink}}
| choir = [[Holland Boys Choir]]
| orchestra = [[Netherlands Bach Collegium]]
| soloists = {{plainlist|
* [[Ruth Holton]]
* [[Sytse Buwalda]]
* [[Knut Schoch]]
* [[Bas Ramselaar]]
}}
| label = [[Brilliant Classics]]
| year = {{Start date|1999}}
| choir_type =
| orchestra_type = Period
}}
{{Cantata discography row
| id = Koopman
| title = ''J. S. Bach: Complete Cantatas Vol. 13''
| conductor = {{sortname|Ton|Koopman}}
| orchestra = [[Amsterdam Baroque Orchestra & Choir]]
| soloists = {{plainlist|
* [[Deborah York]]
* [[Franziska Gottwald]]
* [[Paul Agnew]]
* [[Klaus Mertens]]
}}
| label = [[Antoine Marchand]]
| year = {{Start date|2000}}
| choir_type =
| orchestra_type = Period
}}
{{Cantata discography row
| id = Gardiner
| title = ''Bach Cantatas Vol. 15: New York / For the 3rd Day of Christmas''
| conductor = {{sortname|John Eliot|Gardiner}}
| choir = [[Monteverdi Choir]]
| orchestra = [[English Baroque Soloists]]
| soloists = {{plainlist|
* [[Katharine Fuge]]
* [[Robin Tyson]]
* [[James Gilchrist (tenor)|James Gilchrist]]
* [[Peter Harvey (bass)|Peter Harvey]]
}}
| label = [[Soli Deo Gloria (record label)|Soli Deo Gloria]]
| year = {{Start date|2000}}
| choir_type =
| orchestra_type = Period
}}
{{Cantata discography row
| id = Herreweghe
| title = ''J. S. Bach: Christmas Cantatas from Leipzig''
| conductor = {{sortname|Philippe|Herreweghe}}
| choir = [[Collegium Vocale Gent]]
| orchestra =
| soloists = {{plainlist|
* [[Dorothee Mields]]
* [[Ingeborg Danz]]
* [[Mark Padmore]]
* [[Peter Kooy]]
}}
| label = Harmonia Mundi
| year = {{Start date|2001}}
| choir_type =
| orchestra_type = Period
}}
{{Cantata discography row
| id = Suzuki
| title = ''J. S. Bach: Cantatas Vol. 31''
| conductor = {{sortname|Masaaki|Suzuki}}
| orchestra = [[Bach Collegium Japan]]
| soloists = {{plainlist|
* [[Yukari Nonoshita]]
* [[Robin Blaze]]
* [[Gerd Türk]]
* [[Peter Kooy]]
}}
| label = [[BIS Records|BIS]]
| year = {{Start date|2004}}
| choir_type =
| orchestra_type = Period
}}
{{end}}
== References ==
{{reflist | 30em
| refs =
<ref name="Dellal">{{cite web
| last = Dellal
| first = Pamela
| author-link = Pamela Dellal
| url = http://www.pameladellal.com/notes_translations/translations_cantata/t_bwv133.htm#pab1_7
| title = BWV 133 – Ich freue mich in dir
| date = 2021
| website = pameladellal.com
| access-date = 23 December 2021
}}</ref>
<ref name="Dürr">{{cite book
| last = Dürr
| first = Alfred
| author-link = Alfred Dürr
| title = Die Kantaten von Johann Sebastian Bach
| year = 1981
| publisher = Deutscher Taschenbuchverlag
| isbn = 3-423-04080-7
| volume = 1
| edition = 4
| pages = [https://archive.org/details/diekantatenvonjo0002durr/page/133 133–136]
| language = de
| url = https://archive.org/details/diekantatenvonjo0002durr/page/133
}}</ref>
<ref name="Gardiner">{{Cite AV media notes
| last = Gardiner
| first = John Eliot
| author-link = John Eliot Gardiner
| url = https://www.hyperion-records.co.uk/dc.asp?dc=D_SDG127
| title = Johann Sebastian Bach (1685-1750) / Cantatas Nos 57, 64, 133 & 151
| publisher = [[Soli Deo Gloria (record label)|Soli Deo Gloria]] (at [[Hyperion Records]] website)
| year = 2006
| access-date = 31 December 2018
}}</ref>
<ref name="Mincham">{{cite web
| last = Mincham
| first = Julian
| url = https://www.jsbachcantatas.com/documents/chapter-30-bwv-133
| title = Chapter 30 BWV 133 Ich freue mich in dir / I find my delight in thee.
| publisher = jsbachcantatas.com
| year = 2010
| access-date = 1 September 2022
}}</ref>
<ref name="Wolff">{{cite web
| last = Wolff
| first = Christoph
| author-link = Christoph Wolff
| url = http://www.bach-cantatas.com/Pic-Rec-BIG/Koopman-C13c%5BAM-3CD%5D.pdf
| title = Chorale Cantatas from the cycle of the Leipzig church cantatas, 1724–25 (III)
| website = Bach Cantatas Website
| page = 8
| year = 2000
| access-date = 15 December 2011
}}</ref>
<ref name="chorale text">{{cite web
| url = http://www.bach-cantatas.com/Texts/Chorale004-Eng3.htm
| title = Ich freue mich in dir / Text and Translation of Chorale
| website = Bach Cantatas Website
| year = 2003
| access-date = 15 December 2011
}}</ref>
<ref name="chorale melody">{{cite web
| url = http://www.bach-cantatas.com/CM/O-Gott-du-frommer-Gott.htm
| title = Chorale Melodies used in Bach's Vocal Works / O Gott, du frommer Gott
| website = Bach Cantatas Website
| year = 2003
| access-date = 15 December 2011
}}</ref>
}}
== Sources ==
* {{IMSLP2|work=Ich freue mich in dir, BWV 133 (Bach, Johann Sebastian)|cname=Ich freue mich in dir, BWV 133}}
* [http://www.bach-digital.de/receive/BachDigitalWork_work_00000163?lang=en Ich freue mich in dir BWV 133; BC A 16 / Chorale cantata (3rd Christmas Day)] [[Bach Digital]]
* [http://www.bach-cantatas.com/BWV133.htm Cantata BWV 133 Ich freue mich in dir]: history, scoring, sources for text and music, translations to various languages, discography, discussion, Bach Cantatas Website
* [http://www.uvm.edu/~classics/faculty/bach/BWV133.html BWV 133 Ich freue mich in dir]: English translation, [[University of Vermont]]
* [http://webdocs.cs.ualberta.ca/~wfb/cantatas/133.html BWV 133 Ich freue mich in dir]: text, scoring, [[University of Alberta]]
* Luke Dahn: [http://www.bach-chorales.com/BWV0133_6.htm BWV 133.6] bach-chorales.com
{{Church cantatas by Johann Sebastian Bach}}
{{Bach cantatas}}
{{Authority control}}
{{DISPLAYTITLE:''Ich freue mich in dir'', BWV 133}}
[[Category:Church cantatas by Johann Sebastian Bach]]
[[Category:1724 compositions]]
[[Category:Christmas cantatas]]
[[Category:Chorale cantatas]]