View source for Iguala

{{Short description|City in the Mexican state of Guerrero}}
{{Infobox settlement
<!--See the Table at Infobox Settlement for all fields and descriptions of usage-->
| name                     = Iguala
| official_name            = Iguala de la Independencia
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| other_name               =
| settlement_type          = [[City]]
| image_skyline            = IgualaMontage.jpg
| imagesize                = 270px
| image_caption            = '''Above, from left to right:''' Side, Dome, and part of the Parish of San Francisco de Asís, The monumental flag, Parish of San Juan Bautista, Statue of Francisco de Asís in front of the parish and Panoramic from the flagstick in the Hill the Tehuehue.
| image_flag               =
| image_seal               = Escudo Iguala, Guerrero.png
| image_shield             =
| image_map                =
| map_caption              =
| pushpin_map              = Mexico Guerrero#Mexico
| pushpin_label_position   = top
| pushpin_mapsize          =
| pushpin_map_caption      = Location in Mexico
| coordinates              = {{coord|18|20|42|N|99|32|18|W|region:MX-GRO|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type         = Country
| subdivision_name         = Mexico
| subdivision_type1        = [[Administrative divisions of Mexico|State]]
| subdivision_name1        = [[Guerrero]]
| subdivision_type2        = [[Municipalities of Guerrero|Municipality]]
| subdivision_name2        = [[Iguala de la Independencia (municipality)|Iguala de la Independencia]]
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| population_total         = 110,390
| population_as_of         = 2005
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}}
'''Iguala''' ({{IPA|es|iˈɣwala}}), known officially as '''Iguala de la Independencia''', is a historic city located {{cvt|102|km|mi}} from the [[List of capitals in Mexico|state capital]] of [[Chilpancingo]], in the [[Administrative divisions of Mexico|Mexican state]] of [[Guerrero]] in southwestern [[Mexico]].
==Geography==
The city of Iguala stands on [[Mexican Federal Highway|Federal Highway 95]] about {{cvt|130|km|mi|0}} SSW of [[Mexico City]].<ref name=tourbymexico>[http://www.tourbymexico.com/guerrero/iguala/iguala.htmTour By Mexico: Iguala City in Guerrero State, Mexico]{{dead link |date=November 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Iguala is the municipal seat of the [[Iguala de la Independencia (municipality)|Municipality of Iguala de la Independencia]], located in the north-central part of the state.<ref>{{in lang|es}}—[http://www.e-local.gob.mx/wb2/ELOCAL/EMM_guerrero Enciclopedia de los Municipios de México: Municipios en Guerrero] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120306003153/http://www.e-local.gob.mx/wb2/ELOCAL/EMM_guerrero |date=2012-03-06 }}</ref>
The city had a 2005 census population of 110,390 and the municipality 128,444.<ref>[http://www.inegi.gob.mx/est/contenidos/espanol/sistemas/conteo2005/localidad/iter/ INEGI: Instituto Nacional de Estadística, Geografía e Informática: Link to tables of population data from Census of 2005] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070328224939/http://www.inegi.gob.mx/est/contenidos/espanol/sistemas/conteo2005/localidad/iter/ |date=2007-03-28 }}</ref> The area of the municipality is {{cvt|567.1|km2|sqmi}}. The city is the third-largest community in Guerrero, after [[Acapulco]] and [[Chilpancingo]].
==History==
General [[Vicente Guerrero]] was the first military leader to swear allegiance to the Mexican flag in Acatempan, on March 12, 1821. On February 24, the [[Plan de Iguala]] had been signed by [[Agustín de Iturbide]] and [[Vicente Guerrero]], ending the long [[Mexican War of Independence]].<ref name=tourbymexico/>
Gaining independence from Spain was represented by the first national flag, known as the Flag of the Three Guarantees, which was made by José Magdaleno Ocampo. Thus, Iguala is called the birthplace of the [[Flag of Mexico]].
===Iguala mass kidnapping===
{{main|2014 Iguala mass kidnapping}}
On 26 September 2014, [[2014 Iguala mass kidnapping|43 students]] from the [[Ayotzinapa Rural Teachers' College|Raúl Isidro Burgos Rural Teachers' College]] in [[Ayotzinapa]] were [[kidnapping|kidnapped]], [[Forced disappearance|disappeared]], and likely murdered,<ref>[https://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/oct/05/mass-grave-found-mexican-town-43-students-missing The Guardian: Mass grave found in Mexican town] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141012065522/http://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/oct/05/mass-grave-found-mexican-town-43-students-missing |date=2014-10-12 }}; 5 October 2014.</ref><ref>{{in lang|es}}—[http://www.jornada.unam.mx/2014/10/02/politica/011n1pol Jornada.unam.mx: Cano opinion] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141005061122/http://www.jornada.unam.mx/2014/10/02/politica/011n1pol |date=2014-10-05 }}; 2 October 2014</ref> provoking ongoing national protests and international attention.<ref>[https://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/worldviews/wp/2014/10/11/in-mexico-mass-kidnapping-and-slaying-of-students-in-iguala-brings-outrage-and-protests-against-gangs-and-government/ The Washington Post: "Mass kidnapping of students in Iguala, Mexico, brings outrage and protests"] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150627205033/http://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/worldviews/wp/2014/10/11/in-mexico-mass-kidnapping-and-slaying-of-students-in-iguala-brings-outrage-and-protests-against-gangs-and-government/ |date=2015-06-27 }}; 11 October 2014; accessed 10.11.2014.</ref><ref>[http://www.borderlandbeat.com/2014/10/guerreros-unidos-narco-banners-appear.html Borderlandbeat.com: "Guerreros Unidos narco banners appear"] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141021061417/http://www.borderlandbeat.com/2014/10/guerreros-unidos-narco-banners-appear.html |date=2014-10-21 }}; posted October 2014.</ref><ref>{{in lang|es}}—[http://www.jornada.unam.mx/ultimas/2014/10/06/gendarmeria-y-ejercito-controlan-seguridad-en-iguala-anuncia-rubido-8035.html Jornada.unam.mx: Pérez Silva opinion] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141028083007/http://www.jornada.unam.mx/ultimas/2014/10/06/gendarmeria-y-ejercito-controlan-seguridad-en-iguala-anuncia-rubido-8035.html |date=2014-10-28 }}; 6 October 2014.</ref><ref>{{in lang|es}}—[http://www.sinembargo.mx/opinion/06-10-2014/27853 SinEmbargo.mx: Martínez opinion] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141007091315/http://www.sinembargo.mx/opinion/06-10-2014/27853 |date=2014-10-07 }}; 6 October 2014.</ref><ref>[http://www.elmundo.es/internacional/2014/10/05/543195e6e2704e065f8b4578.html Elmundo.es: Garcia opinion] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141014035151/http://www.elmundo.es/internacional/2014/10/05/543195e6e2704e065f8b4578.html |date=2014-10-14 }}; 5 October 2014.</ref> [[Federal Police (Mexico)|Mexican Federal Police]]<ref name="Proceso_13_Dec_2014">{{cite web |url=http://www.proceso.com.mx/?p=390560 |title=Iguala: la historia no oficial |last1=Hernández |first1=Anabel |last2=Fisher |first2=Steve |date=13 Dec 2014 |website=Proceso |location=Mexico |language=es |access-date=6 Jan 2015 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150109051557/http://www.proceso.com.mx/?p=390560 |archive-date=2015-01-09}}</ref><ref name="blog_translation_of_Proceso_13_Dec_2014">{{cite web |url=http://mexicovoices.blogspot.com/2014/12/iguala-guerrero-mexico-unofficial-story.html |title=Iguala, Guerrero, Mexico: Unofficial Story Involves Federal Police and Army in Attack on Ayotzinapa Students |date=16 Dec 2014 |website=Mexico Voices |access-date=6 Jan 2015 |quote=On the night of September 26, Iguala and Cocula police under orders from the mayor of Iguala, attacked the Ayotzinapa normal school students. They killed three and handed over another 43 to Warriors United, the group that allegedly murdered and incinerated them. That's the official version. But an investigative report, based on official documents, videos and testimonies, tells another story: the attack was orchestrated and executed by the Federal Police, with the Army’s complicity or open collaboration. |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150106200558/http://mexicovoices.blogspot.com/2014/12/iguala-guerrero-mexico-unofficial-story.html |archive-date=2015-01-06}}</ref> and Iguala's police department and former mayor have been implicated in the students' kidnapping and disappearance; members of the ''Guerreros Unidos'' [[Drug cartel#Mexico|drug cartel]] in the mass murder.<ref>[https://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/nov/07/gang-suspected-43-mexican-students The Guardian: "Mexican gang suspected of killing 43 students admits to mass murder"] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141110184419/http://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/nov/07/gang-suspected-43-mexican-students |date=2014-11-10 }}; 7 November 2014; accessed 10 November 2014.</ref><ref>[https://www.npr.org/blogs/thetwo-way/2014/11/08/362487729/mexican-authorities-drug-traffickers-confess-to-killing-43-students NPR: "Mexican Authorities: Drug Traffickers Confess To Killing 43 Students"] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150429082551/http://www.npr.org/blogs/thetwo-way/2014/11/08/362487729/mexican-authorities-drug-traffickers-confess-to-killing-43-students |date=2015-04-29 }}; 8 November 2014; accessed 11.11.2014.</ref> The governor of Guerrero state, [[Ángel Aguirre Rivero]], resigned amid the scandal.<ref>[http://www.latimes.com/world/mexico-americas/la-fg-mexico-governor-steps-down-missing-students-20141023-story.html Los Angeles Times: Mexico governor steps down over missing students"] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141024050916/http://www.latimes.com/world/mexico-americas/la-fg-mexico-governor-steps-down-missing-students-20141023-story.html |date=2014-10-24 }}; 23 October 2014; accessed 11.11.2014.</ref>
==Features==
The San Francisco Church (''Iglesia de San Francisco'') is a landmark in the city, built in the 19th century in the [[Neoclassical architecture|Neoclassical style]].<ref name=tourbymexico/> It is surrounded by [[tamarind]] trees, and for them Iguala is known as "la Ciudad Tamarindera" (the Tamarindo city).
The Lagoon of Tuxpan (''Laguna de Tuxpan''), is a lake in the outskirts of the city, located in the small town of Tuxpan. It is known for its beauty, and popular seafood restaurants. Natives of Tuxpan have worked hard to maintain the popular lagoon healthy for the locals and the city people that visit every weekend.<ref name=tourbymexico/>
==Events==
[[File:San Francisco de Asis.JPG|thumb|310px|Street scene with the San Francisco Church.]]
The Iguala Flag Fair is held in late February annually. It is one of the most important annual festivities for the people of Iguala. It is celebrated with a parade of floats, cockfights, and [[Mexican handcrafts and folk art]] exhibitions.<ref name=tourbymexico/> Iguala's local artisans create gold and silver jewelry.
== Government ==
{{Main|List of municipal presidents of Iguala}}
== Sister City ==
*{{USA}} [[Aurora, Illinois|Aurora]] (2007)<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.diario21.com.mx/?cmd=displaystory&story_id=961&format=html |title=Diario 21 - El Periodico Plural del Estado - Principal |publisher=Diario 21 |website=www.diario21.com.mx |access-date=26 April 2018 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180129004458/http://www.diario21.com.mx/?cmd=displaystory&story_id=961&format=html |archive-date=29 January 2018}}</ref><ref name="19dea138">{{cite web |url=http://www.diario21.com/?cmd=displaystory&story_id=875&edition_id=4661&format=html |title=Diario 21 - El Periodico Plural del Estado - Principal |publisher=Diario 21 |website=www.diario21.com |access-date=26 April 2018 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180128190556/http://www.diario21.com/?cmd=displaystory&story_id=875&edition_id=4661&format=html |archive-date=28 January 2018}}</ref><ref>http://www.diario21.com/?cmd=displaystory&story_id=875&format=html/ {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160925003250/http://www.diario21.com/?cmd=displaystory&story_id=875&format=html%2F |date=2016-09-25 }}<sup>[Permanent Dead Link]</sup></ref>
==References==
{{Portal|Mexico}}
{{Commons category|Iguala de la Independencia}}
{{Reflist}}
{{Guerrero|state=collapsed}}
{{Authority control}}
[[Category:Populated places in Guerrero]]