View source for John Adolphus, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Plön

{{Short description|Duke from the House of Oldenburg}}
{{infobox nobility
| name         = John Adolphus
| title        = Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Plön
| image        = Johann Adolf, duke of Holstein-Plön, painted by Johann Valentin Tischbein, ca 1750.jpg
| image_size   = 150
| caption      = Portrait by [[Johann Valentin Tischbein]]
| noble family = [[House of Oldenburg|Oldenburg]]
| father       = [[Joachim Ernest, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Plön]]
| mother       = [[Dorothea Augusta of Schleswig-Holstein-Gottorp]]
| spouse       = Dorothea of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel
| birth_date   = {{birth date|1634|4|8|df=yes}}
| birth_place  = [[Ahrensbök]]
| death_date   = {{death date and age|1704|7|2|1634|4|8|df=yes}}
| death_place  = [[Bösdorf, Schleswig-Holstein|Ruhleben]]
|module={{Infobox officeholder
| embed = yes
| battles={{tree list}}
* [[Franco-Dutch War]]
** [[Battle of Seneffe]]
* [[Nine Years' War]]
** [[Siege of Huy (1694)|Siege of Huy]]
* [[War of the Spanish Succession]]
** [[Battle of Smolenice]]
{{tree list/end}}
}}
}}
'''John Adolphus of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Plön''' ({{langx|de|Johann Adolf}} or ''Hans Adolf''; 8 April 1634, [[Ahrensbök]] &ndash; 2 July 1704 [[Bösdorf, Schleswig-Holstein|Ruhleben]]) was the second [[Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Plön]], which had been created by a division of the [[Duchy of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg]].
== Life ==
He was born on 8 April 1634 in [[Ahrensbök]], the eldest son of the first Duke of Plön, [[Joachim Ernest, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Plön|Joachim Ernest]] and [[Dorothea Augusta of Schleswig-Holstein-Gottorp]].
From 1645 to 1650 he went on a [[grand tour]] around the countries of Europe, including [[England]] and [[France]]. He was accompanied by his brother, Augustus, who was one year younger. In 1671 he inherited the dukedom from his father. On 25 October 1671 he was bestowed with the [[Order of the Elephant]], the highest Danish order of knighthood, becoming the 124th member of the order.
In 1684 he had the first [[Traventhal House|hunting lodge]] built in [[Traventhal]]; this was followed in 1685 by [[St. John's Church, Plön]] and in 1690 the parish church of Plön. In 1694 he led the Dutch army at the [[Siege of Huy (1694)|Siege of Huy]]. John Adolphus took part in several of the major wars of his time, including the [[Ottoman wars in Europe|Ottoman wars]] and handed over the running of his duchy during those times largely to his mother and his wife. During his reign the [[Treaty of Traventhal]] was signed at the ducal hunting lodge in [[Traventhal]], a milestone during the [[Great Northern War]].
In 1704 went to [[Hungary]] and fought against the [[Kuruc]]s with the forces of Holstein-Plön and Denmark. He participated in the [[battle of Smolenice]].
== Family ==
John Adolphus married Dorothea of [[Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel]], a daughter of [[Rudolf Augustus of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel]]. They had two children:
* Adolphus Augustus (born 29 March 1680; died 29 June 1704), married Elisabeth Sophia of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Nordborg (1683-1767). She was the daughter of Rudolf of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Norburg, and granddaughter of [[Frederick, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sønderburg-Norburg|Frederick, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Norburg]].
:* their son, Leopold Augustus (1702-1706), died as a child
* Dorothea Sophia (1692–1765), married [[Adolphus Frederick III, Duke of Mecklenburg]]
Duke John Adolphus died on 2 July 1704 in [[Bösdorf (Holstein)|Ruhleben]], a few days after his son, Adolphus Augustus, had been killed in a riding accident. Because Leopold Augustus, son of Adolphus Augustus and grandson of John Adolphus died in childhood in 1706, the estate went to the John Adolphus' nephew, [[Joachim Frederick of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Plön|Joachim Frederick]], from the line of [[Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Norburg|Schleswig-Holstein-Nordborg]].
== Ancestors ==
{{ahnentafel
|collapsed=yes |align=center
|boxstyle_1=background-color: #fcc;
|boxstyle_2=background-color: #fb9;
|boxstyle_3=background-color: #ffc;
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|boxstyle_5=background-color: #9fe;
| 1= 1. '''John Adolphus, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Plön'''
| 2= 2. [[Joachim Ernest, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Plön]]
| 3= 3. [[Dorothea Augusta of Schleswig-Holstein-Gottorp]]
| 4= 4. [[John II, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg]]
| 5= 5. [[Agnes Hedwig of Anhalt]]
| 6= 6. [[John Adolf, Duke of Holstein-Gottorp]]
| 7= 7. [[Augusta of Denmark]]
| 8= 8. [[Christian III of Denmark]] (=28)
| 9= 9. [[Dorothea of Saxe-Lauenburg]] (=29)
| 10= 10. [[Joachim Ernest, Prince of Anhalt]]
| 11= 11. [[Eleonore of Württemberg]]
| 12= 12. [[Adolf, Duke of Holstein-Gottorp]]
| 13= 13. [[Christine of Hesse]]
| 14= 14. [[Frederick II of Denmark]]
| 15= 15. [[Sophie of Mecklenburg-Güstrow]]
| 16= 16. [[Frederick I of Denmark]] (=24)
| 17= 17. [[Anna of Brandenburg]]
| 18= 18. [[Magnus I, Duke of Saxe-Lauenburg]]
| 19= 19. [[Catherine of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel, Duchess of Saxe-Lauenburg|Catherine of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel]]
| 20= 20. [[John V, Prince of Anhalt-Zerbst]]
| 21= 21. [[Margaret of Brandenburg, Duchess of Pomerania|Margaret of Brandenburg]]
| 22= 22. [[Christoph, Duke of Württemberg]]
| 23= 23. [[Anna Maria of Brandenburg-Ansbach]]
| 24= 24. [[Frederick I of Denmark]] (=16)
| 25= 25. [[Sophie of Pomerania]]
| 26= 26. [[Philip I, Landgrave of Hesse]]
| 27= 27. [[Christine of Saxony]]
| 28= 28. [[Christian III of Denmark]] (=8)
| 29= 29. [[Dorothea of Saxe-Lauenburg]] (=9)
| 30= 30. [[Ulrich, Duke of Mecklenburg]]
| 31= 31. [[Elizabeth of Denmark, Duchess of Mecklenburg|Elizabeth of Denmark]]
}}
== Sources ==
* {{Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie|50|684|686|Johann Adolph, Herzog zu Schleswig-Holstein-Plön|Karl Sommeregger|ADB:Johann Adolf (Herzog von Schleswig-Holstein-Plön)}}
== External links ==
{{commons category|Johann Adolf, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Plön}}
* [http://www.roskildehistorie.dk/stamtavler/konger/6_Enevold/Ploen.htm Family line of Schleswig-Holstein-Plön] {{in lang|de}}
* [http://home.foni.net/~adelsforschung/kavalier.htm The Gentlemen's Tour by Two Princes] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130917170428/http://home.foni.net/~adelsforschung/kavalier.htm |date=2013-09-17 }} {{in lang|de}}
* [http://www.ploener-ansichten.de/gutscheinserie-der-stadt-ploen-1921-50-pfennig/Insights of Plön with a portrait of John Adolphus on emergency money]{{dead link|date=November 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} {{in lang|de}}
{{s-start}}
{{s-hou|[[House of Oldenburg]]|8 April|1634|2 July|1704}}
{{s-reg|de}}
{{succession box|before=[[Joachim Ernest, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Plön|Joachim Ernest]]|after=[[Leopold Augustus, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Plön|Leopold Augustus]]|title=[[Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Plön|Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Plön]]|years=1671–1704}}
{{s-end}}
{{Authority control}}
[[Category:Dukes of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Plön]]
[[Category:1634 births]]
[[Category:1704 deaths]]
[[Category:Generals of the Holy Roman Empire]]