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{{Short description|Municipality in Morelos, Mexico}}
{{About|the municipality in Mexico|the crater in Mars|Jojutla (crater)}}
'''Jojutla''' is a [[municipality]] in the state of [[Morelos]], [[Mexico]]. Its municipal seat is the city of ''Jojutla de Juárez''. The name ''Jojutla'' comes from [[Nahuatl]] ''Xoxōuhtlān'' ({{IPA-nah|ʃoˈʃoːʍtɬaːn|pron}}) and means, ''Place of abundant blue skies''.<ref name=inafed /> Another interpretation is Jojutla should be written '''Xo-Xoutla''' and its etymological roots come from: ''xoxou-ki'', (dye called indigo) and ''Tla-ntli'', (teeth) to indicate abundance, so the name means: ''Place abundant in blue paint''. This meaning is corroborated by Father José Agapito Mateo Minos in ''Nohualco Tlalpixtican'' (1722), about how he saw the maceration and decanting tanks of the ''xoxouki'' plant, when it still existed in the plaza ''Zacate''. Ángela Peralta mentions a unique pyramid consisting of three parts: the ''momozok'', the turret and the ''campanile'' (tower), demolished by the colonial government. Remnants of this can be seen in the staircase of the municipal palace.<ref>http://morelos.gob.mx/?q=jojutla Dec 19, 2018.</ref>
Jojutla has an area of 143&nbsp;km<sup>2</sup> (55.2 miles<sup>2</sup>), representing 2.88% of the state. It is located at 890 meters (2,920&nbsp;ft.) above sea level. The municipality reported 57,121 inhabitants in the year 2015 census.<ref>http://cuentame.inegi.org.mx/monografias/informacion/mor/poblacion/default.aspx (Dec 13, 2018)</ref>
[[:es:Tequesquitengo|Lake Tequesquitengo]] and part of the [[World Network of Biosphere Reserves in Latin America and the Caribbean|Sierra de Huautla Biosphere Reserve]] are located in the municipality of Jojutla.
==History==
===Prehispanic History===
The area that is Jojutla today was covered by the internal Sea of Plancarte in the [[Paleozoic Era]]. The first inhabitants are believed to have arrived 22,000 years ago.<ref name=municipios>{{cite web|url=http://www.municipios.mx/morelos/jojutla/|title=Jojutla, Morelos|publisher=Municipios.mx|access-date=March 3, 2019|language=es|trans-title=Jojutla, Morelos}}</ref> Although fragments of [[obsidian]], ceramic, and pottery have been found in the atriums of the chapels of ''Teocalzingo'', ''Guadalupe'', and ''Tlatenchi'', no serious archaeological studies have been undertaken in the area. The ''Codex Mendoza'' tells us that people lived in Jojutla from 1425 to 1436 [[Common Era|CE]], when they were conquered by the troops of ''Izcóatl'' and [[Nezahualcoyotl (tlatoani)|Nezahualcóyotl]], and submitted to the ''Calpixca Acolhua'' of Tlaquiltenango and the lordship of ''Cuauhnáhuac''.<ref name=inafed />
===Colonial Era===
The exact date when the Spanish arrived is unclear, but the establishment of the town of '''San Miguel Xoxutla''' suggests they arrived on September 29 of 1522 or 1523, considering that in 1524 they inaugurated the bridge and dam of ''Cuernavaquita'' in Tlaquiltenango under orders from [[Hernán Cortés]].<ref name=inafed>{{cite web|url=http://siglo.inafed.gob.mx/enciclopedia/EMM17morelos/municipios/17012a.html|title=Jojutla, Morelos|publisher=Enciclopedia de los Municipios y Delegaciones de Mexico|access-date=March 3, 2019|language=es|trans-title=Jojutla, Morelos|archive-date=September 21, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170921095610/http://siglo.inafed.gob.mx/enciclopedia/EMM17morelos/municipios/17012a.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> The area was governed by Tlaquiltenango, particularly after the arrival of the religious orders in 1549 and 1604.<ref name=inafed />
The area around Xoxutla was quite swampy, so agriculture was not very profitable. The principal economic activities were fishing, production of indigo dye, and basketry.<ref name=inafed />
As the population increased, a Sunday market developed in the ''Plaza de Arriba'' (atrium the church of San Miguel). The opening of the Acapulco-México trade route in the 17th century and the bridge of [[Our Lady of Guadalupe]] over the [[Apatlaco River]] on July 16, 1616, encouraged the growth of the market.<ref name=municipios />
One confusing fact as to the date of foundation of Jojutla is that 18 families headed by ''Ignacio de la Luz'' fled from ''Chimalacatlan'' because of an epidemic. The Dominican friars of the ''Villa de Tlaquiltenango'' accepted them in the town of ''San Jerónimo Metl'', on April 14, 1695. Incidentally, this confusion in part comes from Dr. Santos Amador Espinoza, who wrote ''Notes on the history of the City of Jojutla de Juárez'' in 1895, but whose information was later contradicted by Father José Agapito Mateo Minos Campuzano. The town of San Jerónimo Metl itself was devastated by a cholera epidemic in May 1770.<ref name=municipios />
On September 14, 1722, in hacienda of San Gabriel, the muleteer José Cerón found an image of the crucified Christ, which was taken to the chapel of the hacienda, only to mysteriously disappear three times. The Dominican friars then took it their monastery in [[Tlaquiltenango]]  on January 1, 1723, when it again disappeared, only to reappear on the main altar of the chapel of Our Lady of Guadalupe, of the town of Archangel San Miguel Xoxutla. Since that time, there has been a festival in Xoxutla (Jojutla).<ref name=inafed />
===Independence & 19th century===
During the [[War of Mexican Independence]] [[Juan Antonio Tlaxcoapan]] of Tlaquiltenango led a group of citizens to meet Generals [[Vicente Guerrero]] and [[Nicolás Bravo]] in ''Chimalacatlan'' on September 8, 1813. The citizens of Jojutla did not join the Insurgents in Chilpancingo, and once their army withdrew Tlaxcoapan was taken prisoner and shot by Spanish authorities on November 6, 1813. Today he is recognized as a local hero.<ref name=inafed />
[[Ricardo Sánchez (Mexican landowner)|Ricardo Sánchez]] moved to Jojutla on March 15, 1830, and in 1836 he introduced the cultivation of brown rice. Sánchez lobbied for the municipalization of the town of the Archangel San Miguel Xoxutla, which was granted by the government of the State of Mexico on March 29, 1847. Sánchez became the first municipal president and he rescheduled the feast of the ''Lord of Tula'' from September 14 to January 1.<ref name=inafed />
The Jojutla Railway began on September 21, 1890.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://morelos.gob.mx/?q=cronologia_morelos|title=Cronología de los hechos en Morelos|publisher=Gobierno de Morelos 2018-2024|access-date=March 3, 2019|language=es|trans-title=Chronology of events in Morelos}}</ref>
On April 14, 1895, at the initiative of a group led by the priest ''Agapito Mateo Minos Campuzano'', Jojutla celebrated its bicentennial.<ref>http://www.moreloshabla.com/morelos/jojutla-historia-en-140-paginas/ (Dec 19, 2018)</ref>
===Revolution & 20th century===
There was a bloody battle during the [[Mexican Revolution]] until the city was taken and looted by Maderistas under the command of [[Pablo Torres Burgo]], and ''Gabriel Tepepa''. The Revolutionaries sacked the city.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth605182/m1/2/|title=Vigrous Methods Taken|publisher=The Portal to Texas History|date=March 24, 1911|access-date=March 5, 2019}}</ref>
===21st century===
[[Andres Eloy Martínez Rojas]], a Mexican astronomer (b. Cuernavaca, 1953) discovered a crater on Mars, which he named ''Jojutla''. In 2017 the asteroid ''(6159) Andréseloy (1991 YH)'' was named in his honor.<ref>http://sitl.diputados.gob.mx/LXII_leg/curricula.php?dipt=181 (Dec 19, 2018)</ref><ref>{{usurped|1=[https://web.archive.org/web/20181220230644/http://static.adnpolitico.com/perfiles/a/andres-eloy-martinez-rojas Article title]}} (Dec 19, 2018)</ref><ref>{{Cite web | url=https://haciaelespacio.aem.gob.mx/revistadigital/articul.php?interior=588 | title=¿Sabías qué...? - Tierra, Jojutla y Campo}}</ref>
An illegal, secret graveyard used by the government was discovered in Jojutla in March 2017. This was similar to the one found in [[Tetelcingo]] two years earlier. Of the 85 bodies found in Jojutla, 54 involved cases that the police had not even bothered to investigate. 30,000 people have "disappeared" in Mexico in the years up to February, 2018.<ref>https://www.huffingtonpost.com.mx/2018/02/28/el-fantasma-de-las-fosas-de-tetelcingo-regresa-a-morelos-mientras-las-victimas-luchan-para-encontrar-a-sus-desaparecidos_a_23372511/ (Dec 20, 2018)</ref>
Jojutla was hit harder than anywhere else in Morelos during the [[2017 Puebla earthquake|September 19, 2017 earthquake]]. At least 73 people died and hundreds were injured.<ref>[https://www.launion.com.mx/morelos/avances/noticias/113372-reportes-rapidos-despues-del-sismo-de-7-1.html La Union de Morelos] (Dec 17, 2018)</ref><ref>[https://www.bbc.com/mundo/noticias-america-latina-42743858 BBC Mundo] (Dec 19, 2018)</ref> 652 homes were destroyed, 1,157 were damaged,<ref>{{cite journal |last1=García-Carrera |first1=Jesús Salvador |last2=Mena-Hernández |first2=Ulises |last3=Bermúdez-Alarcón |first3=Francisco Javier |title=El terremoto 19S en Morelos: la experiencia operativa del INEEL en la evaluación del riesgo estructural |url=http://saludpublica.mx/index.php/spm/article/view/9408/11478 |journal=Salud Pública de México |access-date=May 27, 2020 |pages=65–82 |language=es |doi=10.21149/9408 |date=1 March 2018|volume=60 |doi-access=free }}</ref> and many other buildings, including schools and the ''Palacio Municipal'' (city hall), were damaged. More than two years later, in January 2020, residents were still waiting for reconstruction.<ref>{{cite web|website=La Jornada Morelos|title=Exigen reconstrucción de secundaria en Jojutla|date=Jan 9, 2020|language=es|trans-title=Reconstruction of middle school demanded in Jojutla|url=https://www.lajornadamorelos.com.mx/municipios/2020/01/09/17150}}{{Dead link|date=March 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>
Juan Angel Flores Bustamonte of [[Juntos Haremos Historia]] (Together we will make history coalition) was elected Presidente Municipal (mayor) in the election of July 1, 2018.<ref>[http://impepac.mx/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/Candidatos-electos-2018.pdf Election_Morelos_2018] Retrieved Dec 14, 2018</ref>
Two parachutists died on March 23, 2019, when their equipment failed and they landed in the [[Mexican Federal Highway 95D|Autopista del Sol]] at Kilometer 132, near ''Jardines de Mexico''. They were employed by a school of parachutes in the area.<ref>{{citation|url=https://www.diariodemorelos.com/noticias/mueren-dos-paracaidistas-tras-caer-en-la-autopista-del-sol|title=Mueren dos paracaidistas tras caer en la Autopista del Sol|newspaper=Diario de Morelos|location=Cuernavaca|language=es|date=March 24, 2019|trans-title=Two parachutists die when they fall on Federal Highway 95D}}</ref> Festival Vaivén 2019 (art & music festival) was held in ''Jardines de Mexico'' on March 30, 2019.<ref name=zona />
''La Secundaria Técnica número 34'' in Jojutla was the first middle school in the country to give classes in [[agroecology]].<ref>{{citation |website=Sur Digital Morelos|date=Aug 27, 2019|access-date=Aug 27, 2019|title=Secundaria de Jojutla, primera en México que imparte agroecología
|url=https://surdigital.com.mx/secundaria-de-jojutla-primera-en-mexico-que-imparte-agroecologia/|language=es|trans-title=Middle school of Jojutla, first in Mexico to teach agroecology}}</ref>
As of May 4, 2020, there were 505 infections and 59 deaths in the state of Morelos and 18 confirmed infections from the [[COVID-19 pandemic in Mexico|COVID-19 pandemic]] in Jojutla.<ref>{{cite web |title=Confirman 505 contagios de COVID-19 y 59 defunciones en Morelos |url=http://www.notimex.gob.mx/ntxnotaLibre/766110/confirman-505-contagios-de-covid-19-y-59-defunciones-en-morelos |website=www.notimex.gob.mx |access-date=May 9, 2020 |language=es }}{{Dead link|date=November 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Schools and many businesses were closed from mid March until June 1.<ref name="launion.com.mx">{{cite web |last1=Redacción |first1=La |title=Situación actual del coronavirus Covid-19 en Morelos |url=https://www.launion.com.mx/morelos/avances/noticias/159372-situacion-actual-del-coronavirus-covid-19-en-morelos.html |website=www.launion.com.mx |access-date=Apr 29, 2020 |language=es-es|trans-title=Present situation of coronavirus COVID-19 in Morelos}}</ref>
In 2019 Hortencia Figueroa Peralta from Jojutla, former leader ([[Party of the Democratic Revolution|PRD]]) of the state legislature, was convicted of misuse of MXN $23.7 million earmarked for employees. She won a temporary injunction against being sent to prison, but in May 2020 that expired and she will soon be sent to the state penitentiary in Atlacholoaya.<ref>{{cite web |title=A punto de pisar la cárcel ex diputada Hortencia Figueroa |url=https://www.diariodemorelos.com/noticias/punto-de-pisar-la-c-rcel-ex-diputada-hortencia-figueroa |website=www.diariodemorelos.com |access-date=May 15, 2020 |language=es}}</ref>
The state of Morelos reported 209 cases and 28 deaths due to the [[COVID-19 pandemic in Mexico]], as of April 27, 2020. Schools and many businesses were closed from mid March until June 1.<ref name="launion.com.mx"/> The state office of [[National System for Integral Family Development|DIF]] sent food and water to vulnerable groups of people in eight municipalities including Jojutla on May 26.<ref>{{cite web |title=Lleva DIF apoyo alimentario a municipios |url=https://www.diariodemorelos.com/noticias/lleva-dif-apoyo-alimentario-municipios |website=www.diariodemorelos.com |access-date=May 26, 2020 |language=es}}</ref> On June 2, Jojutla reported 94 confirmed cases and 17 deaths from the virus; the reopening of the state was pushed back until at least June 13.<ref>{{cite web |title=Coronavirus en Morelos {{!}} Diario de Morelos |url=https://www.diariodemorelos.com/noticias/coronavirus |website=www.diariodemorelos.com |access-date=June 4, 2020 |language=es}}</ref> Jojutla reported 211 cases, 145 recuperations, and 46 deaths from the virus as of August 31.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Preciado |first1=Tlaulli |title=En Morelos, cinco mil 319 casos confirmados acumulados de covid-19 y mil 27 decesos |url=https://www.launion.com.mx/morelos/avances/noticias/166780-en-morelos-cinco-mil-319-casos-confirmados-acumulados-de-covid-19-y-mil-27-decesos.html |website=La Unión |access-date=September 1, 2020 |language=es-es}}</ref> Three hundred sixty-two cases were reported on December 27, 2020.<ref>{{cite news |title=Llega Morelos a 1 mil 600 muertes por COVID19 |url=https://www.diariodemorelos.com/noticias/llega-morelos-1-mil-600-muertes-por-covid19 |access-date=December 28, 2020 |work=diariodemorelos.com |publisher=Diario de Morelos |date=December 27, 2020 |language=es}}</ref> The hospital dedicated to the care of serious COVID-19 cases reached 100% capacity on January 15, 2021.<ref>{{cite news |title=Ya no hay camas disponibles en hospitales covid19 de Morelos |url=http://noticiasdecuautla.com/index.php/2021/01/15/ya-no-hay-camas-disponibles-en-hospitales-covid19-de-morelos/ |access-date=January 15, 2021 |work=Noticias de Cuautla |date=15 January 2021 |language=es-MX |archive-date=15 January 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210115172207/http://noticiasdecuautla.com/index.php/2021/01/15/ya-no-hay-camas-disponibles-en-hospitales-covid19-de-morelos/ |url-status=dead }}</ref>
==Notable people==
*Fernando Amilpa Rivera (b. in Jojutla in 1898–1952), union leader [[Confederation of Mexican Workers]] and federal deputy.<ref name=tourist/>
*Abraham Enzástiga Menes, founder and director of the Jojutla [[Symphony Orchestra]]<ref>{{citation|url=https://www.launion.com.mx/morelos/zona-sur/noticias/97947-integran-la-orquesta-sinfonica-de-jojutla.html|publisher=La Union de Morelos|location=Cuernavaca|date=November 9, 2016|title=Integran la orquesta sinfónica de Jojutla|accessdate=April 27, 2019|language=Spanish|trans-title=Jojutla Symphony Orchestra formed}}</ref>
*Joaquín Fandiño, born in Jojutla<ref name="human">{{cite web |title=PERSONAJES HISTÓRICOS EN MORELOS |url=http://www.humanistas.org.mx/autoresmorelenses.htm |website=humanistas.org.mx |publisher=Nuestros humanistas |access-date=February 23, 2021}}</ref>
*[[Frances Erskine Inglis, 1st Marquise of Calderón de la Barca]] (1806–1882), Scottish wife Ángel Calderón de la Barca, who was the first plenipotentiary prime minister of Spain in independent Mexico. Ingles arrived in Cuernavaca in 1841 and lived in Atlacumolco. She wrote ''Life in Mexico'' in 1843.<ref>{{cite journal |title=Revista Morelos Magazine : Personajes Notables que han vivido en el estado de Morelos |journal=Revista Morelos Magazine |date=14 January 2016 |url=http://revistamorelosmagazine.blogspot.com/2016/01/personajes-notables-que-han-vivido-en.html |access-date=February 23, 2021}}</ref>
*Jacinto Leyva Iguzquiza (1897–1972), Zapatista soldier, businessman, federal deputy (1930), municipal president.<ref name=tourist/>
*[[Manuel Pío López Estrada]] (b. in Jojutla 1891–1971), 6th bishop of Veracruz, and first archbishop of [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Xalapa]] (1939–1968).<ref>{{cite web |title=Archbishop Manuel Pío López Estrada [Catholic-Hierarchy] |url=http://www.catholic-hierarchy.org/bishop/blopeze.html |website=catholic-hierarchy.org |publisher=CH |access-date=February 23, 2021}}</ref><ref name="human"/>
*[[Andrés Eloy Martínez Rojas]] (born 1963), astronomer, lives in Jojutla. In 2006 he discovered and named the Jojutla crater on Mars. He represented the 4th district (Jojutla) in the [[Congress of the Union]] (2012-2015) [[Morena (political party)|MORENA]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Perfil del Legislador, Perez Martinez, Felipe |url=http://sil.gobernacion.gob.mx/Librerias/pp_PerfilLegislador.php?Referencia=9218211 |website=sil.gobernacion.gob.mx |publisher=SIL :: Sistema de Información Legislativa-PopUp Legislador |access-date=February 23, 2021}}</ref>
*José Agapito Mateos Minos (b. in Jojutla 1850–1926 in Mexico City), priest and historian, author of ''“Apuntaciones Históricas de Xoxutla a Tlaquiltenango”''.<ref name=tourist/><ref name="human"/>
*Manuel Mazari Puerto (b. 1891–1935), homeopahic doctor and researcher, wrote "''Bosquejo histórico del Estado de Morelos''".<ref name="human"/><ref name=tourist>{{cite web |title=Guía Turística Cuernavaca - Tlalnepantla |url=https://www.guiaturisticacuernavaca.com/tlalnepantla.php |website=guiaturisticacuernavaca.com |publisher=Guia Turistica Cuernavaca |access-date=February 23, 2021}}</ref>
*[[Mónica Ocampo Medina]] (b. 1987 in Jojutla) is a Mexican professional footballer who plays as a forward for Pachuca and the Mexico women's national football team.
*[[Irving Adrián Pérez Pineda]] (b. in Jojutla May 16, 1986) is a Mexican triathlete. He competed in the men's event at the 2016 Summer Olympics.<ref>{{cite news |title=El triatleta morelense Irving Pérez Pineda en Islas Canarias |url=https://www.avancedemorelos.com/2019/02/25/el-triatleta-morelense-irving-perez-pineda-en-islas-canarias/ |access-date=February 23, 2021 |work=Avance De Morelos |date=26 February 2019 |language=es}}</ref>
*[[Valeria Pulido Velasco]] (b. in Jojutla 1990) is a former professional tennis player.
*Ricardo Sánchez (d. 1858), introduced rice production to Jojutla in 1840<ref name="human"/>
*Juan Antonio Tlaxcoapan (b. in Arcángel San Miguel Xoxutla – d. 1813), Indigeous and citizen of Spain who served as alderman in [[Tlaquiltenango]] during the Mexican War of Independence. He had talks with [[Vicente Guerrero]] and [[Nicolas Bravo]] prior to the Congress of Chilpancingo. He was executed by firing squad in Tlaquiltenango in 1813.<ref name=tourist/>
==Communities==
*''Jojutla de Juárez'' is the municipal seat. The city has 45% of the total population in the municipality and is located 45&nbsp;km from Cuernavaca. There are two hospitals, three universities, and three high schools. Jojutla has 18,867 inhabitants and is located at an altitude of 882 meters.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://mexico.pueblosamerica.com/i/jojutla/ |title=Jojutla (Morelos) Jojutla |website=mexico.pueblosamerica.com |access-date=Dec 28, 2018}}</ref>
*''Unidad Habitacional Morelos'' has 25% of the municipal population and is located 7&nbsp;km from Jojutla de Juarez. It is a residential community. It has a population of 3,688<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.mipueblo.mx/17/1256/unidad-habitacional-jose-maria-morelos-y-pavon/ |title=Unidad Habitacional José María Morelos y Pavón |website=www.mipueblo.mx |access-date=Dec 28, 2018}}</ref>
*''Tehuixtla'' is a ranching and agricultural community with an important tourist sector. 9% of the population live there; 15&nbsp;km from Jojutla de Juarez. There are 6,311 inhabitants and it is located at an altitude of 879 meters.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://en.mexico.pueblosamerica.com/i/tehuixtla-3/ |title=Tehuixtla (Morelos) Jojutla |website=en.mexico.pueblosamerica.com |access-date=Dec 28, 2018}}</ref> ISSSTEHUIXTLA, a waterpark run by the social service agency for government workers, is located in the community.
*''Tlatenchi'' is a ranching and agricultural community 5&nbsp;km from Jojutla de Juarez. There are 5,555 inhabitants and is located at an altitude of 899 meters.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://en.mexico.pueblosamerica.com/i/tlatenchi/ |title=Tlatenchi (Morelos) Jojutla |website=en.mexico.pueblosamerica.com |access-date=Dec 28, 2018}}</ref>
*''Tequesquitengo'' is a small tourist community on the shores of the lake by the same name. It has a permanent population of 3,150 inhabitants and is located 10&nbsp;km from Jojutla de Juarez.
==Tourist attractions==
In addition to Lake Tequesquitengo, there are seven waterparks in the municipality:
*''Aqua Splash'' waterpark. 5 minutes from Tequesquitengo. Capacity for 8,000. 8 swimming pools, wave pool, Kamakazi, athletic fields.<ref>{{Cite web | url=http://www.aquasplash.com.mx/ubicacion.htm | title=Parque Acuatico AquaSplash &#124; Ubicación &#124; Alberca de Olas Doble Toboganes Balneario}}</ref>
*''La Plata'' waterpark. 6 swimming pools, 3 wading pools, 5 water slides, athletic fields.<ref>{{Cite web | url=https://morelosturistico.com/espanol/pagina/z_79_La_Plata.php | title=Balneario la Plata}}</ref>
*''Las Palmas'' waterpark. 3 swimming pools, camping area, 6 cabins, athletic fields. There is an artificial lake connected to ''Rio Amacuzac'' with a protected area for iguanas and other animals.<ref>{{Cite web | url=http://www.laspalmastehuixtla.com/ | title=Las Palmas}}</ref> Located in Tehuixtla.
*''Cocos Bugambilia'' waterpark. Swimming pool, wading pool, dance floor.<ref>{{Cite web | url=http://www.balneariosmexico.com/balneario-cocos-bugambilia.html | title=Balneario Cocos Bugambilia Morelos, Balnearios de Mexico}}</ref>
*''Los Naranjos'' waterpark. 2 pools, restaurant, campground. Located in Panchimalco.<ref>{{Cite web | url=https://morelosturistico.com/espanol/pagina/z_88_Los_Naranjos.php | title=Balneario los Naranjos}}</ref>
*''Issstehuixtla'' waterpark. Government run, open to the public. 6 swimming pools, wading pool, diving pool, athletic fields, cabins, campground. There is a 9-meter deep natural pool with sulfur water.<ref>https://www.gob.mx/issste/acciones-y-programas/issstehuixtla-centro-recreativo-y-cultural (Dec 20, 2018)</ref> Located in Tehuixtla.
The ''Ex-hacienda La Perseverancia'' (The Perseverance) was founded in 1870 and has a rice mill.<ref name="paseo">{{cite web|url=https://paseopormexico.com/lugares/2493/ex_hacienda_la_perseverancia_en_jojutla|title=Ex Hacienda La Perseverancia en Jojutla|publisher=Paseo por Mexico|access-date=April 27, 2019|language=es}}</ref>
''Jardines de Mexico'' (Garden of Mexico), located in Tehuixla, is the largest ornamental garden in the world. There are 65 million flowers and 22,000 trees in seven gardens over an area of 51 hectares (126 acres).<ref>{{citation|newspaper=El Universal|location=Mexico City|last=Guzman|first=Samantha|date=November 19, 2017|language=es |title=¿Que hacer en Jardines de México?|trans-title=What to do in the Garden of Mexico}}</ref> An annual hot-air balloon fest is offered there.<ref>https://www.mextrotter.com/en/mexicoprivate/relax-in-morelos/tequesquitengo.html (Dec 19, 2018)</ref> Festival Vaivén 2019 (art & music festival) was celebrated in Jardines de Mexico, March 30, [[2019 in Mexico|2019]].<ref name=zona>{{cite web|url=https://www.zonaturistica.com/calendario/1229/festival-vaiven-tequesquitengo.html|access-date=Dec 18, 2018|title=Festival Vaivén 2019 Fiestas mexicanas y eventos en Tequesquitengo|language=es|publisher=Zona Turistica|trans-title=Vaivén Festival 2019 Mexican festivals and events in Tequesquitengo}}</ref>
The town of ''Chisco'' is not far from Lake Tequesquitengo. Visitors can enjoy Class 3 river [[rafting]] and [[Tubing (recreation)|tubing]] on the [[Amacuzac River]]; [[mountain biking]] (500&nbsp;km / 300 miles) of tracks; [[ultralight aviation]]; camping; and more. (Temporarily closed).<ref>{{cite web|url=https://chiscotubing.com/|access-date=April 27, 2019|publisher=Chisco Tubing|language=es|title=Por el momento, Chisco Tubing mantiene sus puertas cerrados}}</ref>
===Lago de Tequesquitengo===
Known as ''The Sea of Morelos'',<ref name="contralinea.com.mx">https://www.contralinea.com.mx/archivo-revista/2014/04/27/el-lago-de-tequesquitengo-la-verdadera-historia-de-pueblo-sumergido/ (Dec 19, 2018)</ref> ''Lake Tequesquitengo'' provides relaxation and fun such as water skiing, skydiving, snorkeling, bungee jumping, or scuba diving. There are hotels around the lake in all price categories.''Teques'' is a popular weekend destination for Mexicans from the capital and the State of Morelos.<ref>https://www.zonaturistica.com/en/things-to-do-and-places-to-visit/1238/lake-of-tequesquitengo.html (Dec 19, 2018)</ref><ref>https://culturacolectiva.com/viajes/10-cosas-que-puedes-hacer-en-tequesquitengo-morelos (Dec 19, 2018)</ref>
The lake has a tragic history. The general belief is that the village of Tequesquitengo was flooded by the ''Mosso brothers'', who—according to [[Alfonso Toussaint]]—owned the ''San José Vista Hermosa'' hacienda in the mid-19th century, which was erected during the colonial era in the upper part of the valley. Newspapers of the nineteenth century pointed out that in the northern part of the valley there was a small lagoon, which was sustenance for the colonial town of Tequesquitengo, in addition to the ''tequesquite'', a mineral from which the settlement took its name.<ref>{{cite journal |doi=10.1016/S0016-7169(13)71476-4|title=Geophysical-Archaeological Survey in Lake Tequesquitengo, Morelos, Mexico|journal=Geofísica Internacional|volume=52|issue=3|pages=261–275|year=2013|last1=Galindo Domínguez|first1=Roberto E.|last2=Bandy|first2=William L.|last3=Mortera Gutiérrez|first3=Carlos A.|last4=Ortega Ramírez|first4=José|doi-access=free}}</ref> Until a difference between the peasants and the ''hacendados'' caused the latter to divert the flow of surplus water from the irrigation channels of the hacienda to the valley, flooding it and forcing its settlers to settle on the shores of the lake that formed covering the town and its church, ''San Juan Bautista''.{{citation needed|date=March 2019}}
Scholars differ about when the flooding began, suggesting dates between 1820 and 1880, with some blaming the earthquake of 1845.<ref name="contralinea.com.mx"/>
==Fiestas, dances, and traditions==
===Festivals===
*[[New Yar's Day|New Year]]'s Fair, January 1–10, ''Jojutla de Juárez''. This is the most important festival in the community. It commemorates the discovery of a black cruxifix in 1772 that somehow disappeared several times until miraculously reappearing at the chapel of Guadalupe in [[Xoxotla]]. The ''Señor de Tula'' (Lord of Tula) was honored from September 14, 1724, until 1848; since that time the holiday has been celebrated on January 1.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.jojutla.org/html/feria_jojutla_2008.html |title=Feria Jojutla 2008: RESEÑA HISTORICA |date=2008 |access-date=April 27, 2019 |publisher=Jojutla.org |language=es |trans-title=Jojutla Fair 2008: Historical Summary}}</ref>
*[[Flag Day]], February 24–28, ''Jicarero''.
*''Cultural Week'', March 21–29, ''Jojutla''.<ref name=inafed />
*Festival Vaivén 2019 (art & music festival) was celebrated in ''Jardines de Mexico'', March 30, [[2019 in Mexico|2019]].<ref name=zona />
*''Feria del Arroz'' (Rice fair), June (exact dates vary) ''Jojutla'' (7 days).
*Feast of [[John (given name)|San Juan]], June 24, ''Panchimalco''.
*Feast of [[Maria (given name)|Santa María]], September 8, ''Tlatenchi''.
*[[Mexican War of Independence|Independence Day celebrations]], mid-September in ''Jojutla''.
*Feast of St. [[Francis of Assisi]]'', October 4, ''Higuerón''.
*Feast of the [[Our Lady of the Rosary]], 1st Sunday of October, ''Tehuixtla'' (5 days)<ref name=inafed />
*[[Day of the Dead]], November 1 & 2.
*[[Revolution Day (Mexico)|Revolution Day]], November 20 (traditional); 3rd Monday of November (official).
*[[Our Lady of Guadalupe]], December 11 & 12.
*[[Las Posadas]], December 16–24.
*Most families celebrate [[Christmas Eve]] on December 24, although December 25 is the [[Public holidays in Mexico|official holiday]].<ref name="paseo" />
===Music and dances===
Brass bands to accompany the dances of ''Los Tecuanes'', ''Las Pastoras'' and [[Chinelos]] at festivals.
===Cuisine===
Red, white, and green [[pozole]]; corn [[tamales]] of all kinds: fish, [[nopal]]es (cactus leaves) with onions, ''huazmole'' (a goat stew made with [[Leucaena leucocephala|jumbay]]; different rice plates; [[cecina (meat)|cecina]]; [[barbacoa|barbecue]]; and ''tacos dorados'' (tacos made with deep-fried [[Tortilla|torillas]]).<ref name=inafed />
==Economy==
Agriculture is the most important economic activity in Jojutla. Sugarcane, rice, corn, beans, [[jicama]], and watermelons are grown. Livestock are raised for both meat and dairy. The industrial sector is small, with only two companies; one produces wires and conductors, while the other produces boxes and disposable plates.<ref name=municipios />
Jojutla is an important trading center not only within the municipality, but it also draws customers from other areas in the south part of the state of Morelos. Tourism is important, with Lake Tequesquitengo, Jardines de Mexico, four spas, three water parks, thirty-five restaurants, and twenty-two hotels.<ref name=municipios />
==Sierra de Huautla==
{{main|Sierra de Huautla}}
Established in [[2006 in Mexico|2006]], the [[Sierra de Huautla Biosphere Reserve]] (REBIOSH) covers 59,031 hectares (145,869 acres) in the [[Balsas River|Balsas River Basin]] of the municipalities of Jojutla, [[Tlaquiltenango]], [[Amacuzac]], [[Tepalcingo]], and [[Puente de Ixtla]]. Its rough topology varies from 700 to 2,240 meters (2,297 to 7,349 feet) above sea level in the Balsas Basin and constitutes a rich reservoir of endemic species to Mexico. There is a broad range of ecosystem, including low deciduous forest, gallery vegetation, and pine and oak forests. 939 species of plants, 44 species of butterflies, 71 species of mammals, 208 species of birds, 53 species of reptiles, 18 species of amphibians, and 14 species of fish have been noted.<ref name=unesco>{{cite web|url=http://www.unesco.org/new/en/natural-sciences/environment/ecological-sciences/biosphere-reserves/latin-america-and-the-caribbean/mexico/sierra-de-huautla/|title=Sierra de Huautla|publisher=UNESCO Ecological Sciences for Sustainable Development|access-date=April 25, 2019}}</ref> Among the species of animals are [[jaguar]]s,<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.uaem.mx/comunicacion-y-medios/comunicacion-universitaria/boletines/logra-uaem-el-primer-registro-para-morelos-de-un-jaguar|title=Logra UAEM el primer registro para Morelos de un jaguar|publisher=UAEM|date=November 1, 2016|access-date=April 25, 2019|language=es|trans-title=UAEM achieves the first record for Morelos of a jaguar}}</ref> [[Baronia|short-horned Baronia butterfly]], [[Mexican beaded lizard|beaded lizard]], [[military macaw]], [[Rufous-backed thrush|roufus-backed robin]], [[Balsas screech owl]], [[Pileated flycatcher]], [[Cougar|mountain lion]], [[ocelot]], [[margay]], [[bobcat]], and [[jaguarundi]].<ref name=unesco />
==See also==
* [[List of people from Morelos, Mexico]]
* [[Jorge Carrillo Olea]]
==References==
{{Reflist}}
==External links==
{{Commons category|Jojutla}}
* [http://craterjojutla.blogspot.com Crater Jojutla Astronomy]
{{Morelos}}
{{Authority control}}
[[Category:Municipalities of Morelos]]