View source for Ju Zheng

{{Short description|Chinese politician (1876–1951)}}
{{family name hatnote|[[Ju (surname)|Ju]]|lang=Chinese}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| name                = Ju Zheng<br />Chu Chueh-sheng
| native_name         = 居正
| image               = Ju_Zheng2.jpg
| office1             = President of the [[Judicial Yuan]]
| birth_date          = {{birth date|1876|11|8}}
| birth_place         = [[Huangzhou District|Huangzhou]], [[Hubei]], [[Qing dynasty]]
| death_date          = {{death date and age|1951|11|23|1876|11|8}}
| death_place         = [[Taipei]], [[Taiwan]]
| termstart1          = March 1932
| termend1            = 1 July 1948
| predecessor1        = [[Wu Chaoshu]]
| successor1          = [[Wang Ch'ung-hui]]
| president1          = [[Lin Sen]]<br>[[Chiang Kai-shek]]
| nationality         = [[Republic of China]]
| party               = [[Kuomintang]]
| module              = {{infobox chinese
|child=yes
|c=居正
|p=Jū Zhèng
|w=Chü<sup>1</sup> Cheng<sup>4</sup>
}}
}}
'''Ju Zheng''' ({{zh|w=Chü<sup>1</sup> Cheng<sup>4</sup>}}; November 8, 1876 – November 23, 1951) né Ju Zhijun (居之骏), was a Chinese politician who was a leader in the [[Chinese Nationalist Party]], or KMT, in the 1930s and 1940s. As president of the [[Judicial Yuan]], he administered China's court system from 1932 to 1948.<ref name=morrison>{{cite book |last1=Morrison |first1=George Ernest |authorlink1=George Ernest Morrison |last2=Lo |first2=Hui-Min |title=The Correspondence of G. E. Morrison 1912–1920 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=K-48AAAAIAAJ&pg=PA393 |year=1978 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=978-0-521-21561-9 |page=393}}</ref> He ran in the presidential election of 1948 as the token opponent of [[Chiang Kai-shek]]. He was also known by his [[courtesy name]] Juesheng (Chueh-sheng, 覺生 / 觉生).
==Life and career==
Ju was born in Guangji, Huangzhou in Hubei Province (modern [[Wuxue|Wuxue city]]) on November 8, 1876. He joined the [[Tongmenghui]], a revolutionary party founded by [[Sun Yat-sen]], while studying law at [[Nihon University]] in [[Empire of Japan|Japan]] in 1907. Later, he worked for Chinese-language newspapers in Rangoon and Singapore. He returned to China to work for an anti-Qing revolutionary faction in Hubei. In 1912, he was briefly vice minister of the interior in the [[Provisional Government of the Republic of China (1912)|Provisional Government in Nanjing]] with Sun as president. He was commander of the Woosung Forts north of Shanghai during the [[Second Revolution (China)|Second Revolution]] in July 1913. In 1916, he led an uprising against [[Yuan Shikai]] in Shandong and briefly captured the city of [[Weifang|Weixian]]. In 1921, Sun appointed him interior minister for the Nationalist administration in Guangzhou.<ref name="morrison" />
Ju was a founding member of the [[Western Hills Group]], formed after Sun died in 1925. This group opposed communist influence in the KMT. Ju was appointed president of the Judicial Yuan by Chiang in 1932. This was one of the five branches of government in the KMT system. In the presidential election of April 20, 1948, Ju was persuaded to oppose Chiang's candidacy and received 10 percent of the vote in the National Assembly, with Chiang elected overwhelmingly.<ref>Chief Juan-Keef, ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=Y36aAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA340 The Government and Politics of China, 1912–1949]'', 1970, Stanford University Press, p. 303. The vote was 2,430 to 269.</ref> After he resigned as president of the Judicial Yuan on July 1, 1948, Ju was appointed to the [[Control Yuan]], an auditing board. When the KMT was defeated by the Chinese Communists in 1949, Ju fled to Taiwan.<ref name="morrison" />
== Tamkang College of English ==
Ju co-founded Tamkang College of English, now [[Tamkang University]], in Taipei in 1950<ref name=alumni>Wang, Jun, [https://books.google.com/books?id=cXOCAAAAIAAJ 總統先生的同學會:36個台灣艾森豪的故事] (36 famous alumni)</ref> as the first Director of the Board when {{ill|Chang Ming (Taiwan)|lt=Chang Ming|zh|張鳴 (臺灣)}}, his son-in-law and ex-president of Tamkang Middle School<ref>{{cite web|url=http://dns2.tksh.ntpc.edu.tw/history/history9-1.htm|title=淡江中學男子部 歷任校長覽表|trans-title=Presidents of Boys' School, Tamkang Middle School|language=zh|publisher=New Taipei Tamkang High School|accessdate=2018-04-06|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180406230902/http://dns2.tksh.ntpc.edu.tw/history/history9-1.htm|archive-date=2018-04-06|url-status=dead}}</ref> consulted him to establish a higher education facility in Taiwan. He died on November 23, 1951. Ju Haoran, his son, succeeded him as president of Tamkang.<ref name="alumni" /> November 8, Ju's birthday, is marked annually as the school's founding day. The school's Chueh Sheng Memorial Library is named in his honor.<ref>[http://www.lib.tku.edu.tw/en/About_us/profile/events Tamkang University Chueh Sheng Memorial Library], Chronology.</ref>
==References==
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[[Category:Nihon University alumni]]
[[Category:Members of the Kuomintang]]
[[Category:1876 births]]
[[Category:1951 deaths]]
[[Category:Taiwanese people from Hubei]]
[[Category:Presidents of the Judicial Yuan]]
[[Category:Members of the Control Yuan]]
[[Category:Chief justices]]
[[Category:Kuomintang presidential nominees]]