View source for Julien Alexandre Achard de Bonvouloir

{{Short description|French envoy (1749–1783)}}
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|name = Julien Alexandre Achard de Bonvouloir
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|birth_date  = {{Birth date|1749|05|10}}
|birth_place = [[Passais]]
|death_date  = {{Death date and age|1783|||1749|05|10}}
|death_place = [[India]]
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'''Julien Alexandre Achard de Bonvouloir''' (10 May 1749, in [[Passais]]-la-Conception – 1783) was a secret French envoy to the [[Thirteen Colonies|American colonies]], in 1775.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.historynet.com/benjamin-franklin-revolutionary-spymaster.htm/2|title=Benjamin Franklin: Revolutionary Spymaster|work=History Net: Where History Comes Alive - World & US History Online|accessdate=2 January 2015}}</ref>
Julien Alexandre Achard de Bonvouloir's ancient family from [[Poitou]] and [[Normandy]] was divided into three branches: Achard de Bonvouloir, Achard de la Vente, and Achard de Leluardière. The eldest Achard was granted the right to lead the [[Bishop of Angoulême]] in saving the city from the infidels.  Achard also fought the Saracens; a cross commemorating this battle stands at the site of the battle, bearing the inscription: "Achard, the Tison, the neighbor across the country has driven off the Saracens.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://archive.org/stream/nobiliaireuniver21sainuoft#page/26/mode/1up|title=Nobiliaire universel de France, ou Recueil général des généalogies historiques des maisons nobles de ce royaume|publisher=Paris Au bureau du Nobiliaire universel de France, réimprimé à la Librairie Bachelin-Deflorenne |accessdate=2 January 2015}}</ref><ref name="franklinpapers.org">{{cite web|url=http://www.franklinpapers.org/franklin/framedNames.jsp?ssn=001-86-5154|title=Packard Humanities Institute: The Papers of Benjamin Franklin|publisher=Franklinpapers.org|accessdate=2 January 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.gutenberg.org/files/11590/11590.txt|format=TXT|title= ''Les Français en Amérique pendant la guerre de L'indépendance des États-Unis 1777-1783''|author=Thomas Balch|publisher=Gutenberg.org\accessdate=2 January 2015}}</ref><ref name="Hall">{{cite web|url=http://www.carpentershall.org/history/french.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060501130343/http://www.carpentershall.org/history/french.htm|url-status=dead|archive-date=1 May 2006|title=History of Carpenter's Hall : The Unlikely Spy|author=Carl G. Karsch|publisher=Carpentershall.org|accessdate=2 January 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://timelinesdb.com/listevents.php?subjid=203&title=Pennsylvania|title=Time lines : Pennsylvania|publisher=Timelinesdb.com|accessdate=2 January 2015}}</ref>
==References==
{{Reflist}}
==Bibliography==
* Joseph Hamon, ''Le chevalier de Bonvouloir: premier émissaire secret de la France auprès du Congrès de Philadelphie avant l'indépendance américaine'', Jouve, 1953, 117 p.
==External links==
*[http://www.nobilivre.com/independance_americaine_index.html ''Dictionnaire des officiers de l'armée royale qui ont combattu aux États-Unis pendant la guerre d'indépendance 1776-1783'']
{{DEFAULTSORT:Achard De Bonvouloir, Julien Alexandre}}
[[Category:1749 births]]
[[Category:1783 deaths]]
[[Category:French Navy officers]]
[[Category:18th-century French diplomats]]
[[Category:18th-century French people]]
[[Category:French military personnel killed in the American Revolutionary War]]