View source for Kavus I

{{Infobox monarch
| name         = Kavus
| title        = [[Shah]] of [[Shirvan]]
| image        =
| caption      =
| reign        = 1348 - 1372
| full name    =
| issue        = Nodar<br/>[[Hushang of Shirvan|Hushang]]
| predecessor  = [[Kayqubad I of Shirvan|Kayqubad]]
| successor    = [[Hushang of Shirvan|Hushang]]
| royal house  = [[Kasranid]]
| father       = [[Kayqubad I of Shirvan|Kayqubad]]
| death_date   = 1372
| religion     = [[Sunni Islam]]
}}
'''Kavus''' ({{Langx|fa|کاووس}}) or '''Kawus''' or sometimes '''Keykavus II'''<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Akopyan |first1=Alexander |last2=Mosanef |first2=Farbod |date=2015-01-01 |title=Between Jujids and Jalayirids: the coinage of the Chopanids, Akhijuq and their contemporaries, 754–759/1353–1358 |url=https://www.academia.edu/13580159 |journal=Der Islam}}</ref> was the 32nd ruler of [[Shirvan]]. He was a son of [[Kayqubad I of Shirvan|Kayqubad]] and older brother of [[Prince Sultan Muhammad|Sultan Muhammad]].
==Co-reign==
According to [[Abd al-Razzaq Samarqandi]], he was styled as "''Lord of Shamakhi and Shirvan''" in youth.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Samarqandi |first=Abd al-Razzaq |title=Matla-us-Sadain wa Majma-ul-Bahrain |publisher=Institute of Oriental Studies of USSR |year=1941 |pages=442 |language=ru |trans-title=The Rise of the Two auspicious constellations and the Confluence of the Two Oceans}}</ref> Abdulkarim Alizadeh argued that probably he was already ruling in name of his father in 1348, due to Kayqubad's advanced age.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book |last=Alizade |first=Abdulkarim |title=Социально-экономическая политическая история Азербайджана: XIII-XIV вв |publisher=Publishing House of the Academy of Sciences of the Azerbaijan SSR |year=1956 |pages=375–378 |language=ru |trans-title=Socio-economic political history of Azerbaijan: XIII-XIV centuries}}</ref>
He sought to gain strong alliance with [[Chupanid]] [[Malek Ashraf]], as he travelled to his court and submitted to him. However, Malek Ashraf then unexpectedly killed a nobleman named amir Haji Shahriman{{Sfn|al-Ahrǐ|1954|p=74}} and his son in [[Karabakh]]. Kavus was horrified and immediately returned to Shirvan. Soon, Malek Ashraf sent his envoys Khwaja Abdulhay and Akhijuq Malik to Shirvan and to express his desire to marry a daughter of [[Shirvanshah Keykubad I|Kayqubad]]. Kavus denied the demand, and frustrated because of denial, Malek marched on Shirvan but was repelled and forced to make peace. He attacked Shirvan once again in the winter of 1347, but Kavus and his father took shelter in the well guarded castles of Shirvan. After this invasion, sources do not mention Kayqubad, and he probably died of old age between 1348 and 1356.<ref name=":0" />
==Sole reign==
After death of his father he forged an alliance with [[Golden Horde]] khan [[Jani Beg]] and invited him to Azerbaijan. Aided by [[Shirvanshahs]], the Golden Horde army captured [[Tabriz]]. [[Malek Ashraf]] was executed by Jani Beg. However, Jani Beg died soon and Golden Horde army left Caucasus, leaving a power vacuum behind. A successor of Malek, Akhi Juq started to oppress former Chopanid officials, who in turn fled to Shirvan.{{Sfn|al-Ahrǐ|1954|p=79}} Kavus sent his troops under his son Nodar to fight. First battle took place in Mughan in 1357. Following the battle, Kavus himself led his army to Karabakh and invaded Akhi's domains. Second battle took place on the shores of [[Aras (river)|Aras]] river, after which sides made peace.{{Sfn|al-Ahrǐ|1954|p=79}}
===Relations with Jalayirids===
His relationship with [[Shaykh Uways Jalayir|Shaykh Uways]] was complicated, as he had submitted to him at first, but rebelled later. Jalayir campaigned against him 1363 but a revolt begun by the governor of [[Baghdad]], Khwaja Mirjan, forced him to return to reassert his authority.{{Sfn|Wing|2016|p=108}} Kavus, using the opportunity captured [[Tabriz]] twice. Uways, in response, sent his favourite emir Bayram Beg, who besieged [[Shamakhi]] for 3 months after which Kavus was jailed for another 3 months. He was pardoned and accepted to become Jalayirid vassal with his son [[Hushang of Shirvan|Hushang]] being Uways' hostage until 1372.{{Sfn|Wing|2016|p=112}}
===Death and legacy===
He was a patron of the arts and science. [[Arif Ardabili]], a poet from [[Ardabil]], lived in his palace and was a tutor for next [[Shirvanshah Hushang]]. Kavus died in 1372 of natural causes.
==References==
{{Reflist}}
== Sources ==
* {{Cite book |last=al-Ahrǐ |first=Abū Bakr al-Qutbī |title=Ta'rikh-i Shaikh Uwais (History of Shaikh Uwais); an important source for the history of Adharbaijan in the fourteenth century |date=1954 |publisher=Mouton & Co. |location='S-Gravenhage |pages= |language=en |oclc=83888707}}
* {{cite book |last=Wing |first=Patrick |title=The Jalayirids: Dynastic State Formation in the Mongol Middle East |publisher=Edinburgh University Press |year=2016 |isbn=9781474402262 |pages=1–256}}
{{s-start}}
{{s-hou|[[Shirvanshah|House of Shirvanshah]]||?||1372}}
{{s-reg|}}
{{s-bef|before=[[Shirvanshah Keykubad I]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[Shirvanshah]]|years=1348 - 1372}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Shirvanshah Hushang]]}}
{{end}}
{{Shirvanshahs}}
[[Category:1372 deaths]]
[[Category:Year of birth unknown]]
[[Category:14th-century Iranian people]]
{{Iran-royal-stub}}