View source for Khairpur

{{Multiple issues|
{{more footnotes needed|date=April 2015}}
{{more citations needed|date=January 2014}}
{{original research|date=March 2018}}
}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name               = Khairpur
| official_name      =
| settlement_type    = City
| image_skyline      = FaizMahal.jpg
| imagesize          = 270
| image_alt          =
| image_caption      = Khairpur's ''[[Faiz Mahal]]''
| image_map          =
| mapsize            = 150 px
| map_alt            =
| map_caption        =
| pushpin_map        = Sindh#Pakistan
| pushpin_label_position = <!-- left, right, top, bottom, none -->
| pushpin_map_alt    =
| pushpin_map_caption =
| coordinates        = {{coord|27|32|N|68|46|E|region:PK_type:city|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type   =
| subdivision_name   =
| subdivision_type1  = [[Country]]
| subdivision_name1  = {{PAK}}
| subdivision_type2  = [[Provinces of Pakistan|Province]]
| subdivision_name2  = {{flag|Sindh}}
| subdivision_type3  = [[Divisions of Pakistan|Division]]
| subdivision_name3  = [[Sukkur Division|Sukkur]]
| area_total_km2     =
| elevation_m        =
| population_footnotes = <ref>{{cite web |title=PAKISTAN: Provinces and Major Cities |url=http://www.citypopulation.de/Pakistan-100T.html |website=PAKISTAN: Provinces and Major Cities |publisher=citypopulation.de |access-date=4 May 2020}}</ref>
| population_total   = 191,044
| population_as_of   = [[2023 Census of Pakistan|2023]]
| population_rank    = [[List of most populous cities in Pakistan|56th, Pakistan]]
| total_type         = City
| population_est     =
| pop_est_as_of      =
| population_density_km2 = auto
| timezone1          = [[Pakistan Standard Time|PST]]
| utc_offset1        = +5
| area_code_type     = [[List of dialling codes of Pakistan|Calling code]]
| area_code          =
| website            =
| footnotes          =
| native_name        = {{Nastaliq|خيرپور}}
| established_title  = Established
| established_date   = 24 October 1955
| subdivision_type4  = [[Districts of Pakistan|District]]
| subdivision_name4  = [[Khairpur District|Khairpur]]
| government_type    = [[Municipal Corporation]]
| leader_title       = [[Mayor]]
| leader_name        = Shiraz Shaukat Rajpar, PPP
| leader_title1      = [[Deputy Commissioner]]
| leader_name1       = Syed Fawad Ahmed Shah (BPS-19 PCS)
}}
'''Khairpur''' ([[Sindhi language|Sindhi]], {{langx|ur|{{Nastaliq|خيرپور}}}}) is a city and the capital of the [[Khairpur District]] of [[Pakistan]]'s [[Sindh]] province.
==History==
{{Main|Talpur dynasty}}
The Talpur dynasty was established in 1783 by Mir Fateh Ali Khan, who declared himself the first ''Rais'', or ruler of Sindh, after defeating the [[Kalhora dynasty|Kalhoras]] at the [[Battle of Halani]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|last1=Solomon|first1=R. V.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=47sfj8DUwNgC&dq=talpur+sindh&pg=PA337|title=Indian States: A Biographical, Historical, and Administrative Survey|last2=Bond|first2=J. W.|date=2006|publisher=Asian Educational Services|isbn=978-81-206-1965-4|language=en}}</ref>
The death of Mir Sohrab Khan Talpur, founder of the Khairpur branch abdicated power to his eldest son Mir Rustam 'Ali Khan, in 1811.<ref name=":0" />[[File:Khairpur_map.gif|left|thumb|Khairpur State (marked in red) joined Pakistan as a princely state in 1947]]
Rustam ruled until 1842, when abdicated in favor of his youngest brother Mir Ali Murad. Ali Murad helped the British in 1845-7 during the Turki campaign, but was later accused of plotting against the British in 1851–2, and so was stripped of his lands in upper Sindh by the [[British East India|British East India Company]]. As a result, the remaining land under his control consisted mostly of Khairpur city, and its immediate environs. During the 1857 [[Sepoy Mutiny]], Ali Murad sided with the British, and prevented rebels from seizing the [[Shikarpur, Sindh|Shikarpur]] jail and treasury.<ref name=":0" /> He regained the favour of the British, and in 1866, the British promised to recognize any future successors as rightful rulers of Khairpur.<ref name=":0" />
Ali Murad's eldest son had predeceased him, and so he was succeeded by his second son, Mir Faiz Muhammad Khan, who ruled until his death 1909.<ref name=":0" /> He was in turn succeeded by his son, Mir Imam Bakhsh Khan Talpur,<ref name=":0" /> who aided the British war effort during [[World War I]], and was thus awarded the honorary title Lieutenant Colonel in 1918.<ref name=":0" /> He died in 1921, and was succeeded by His Highness Mir Ali Nawaz Khan. Under his rule, the feudal ''Cherr'' system of forced labour was abolished, while new canals were laid for irrigation.<ref name=":0" />
==Geography==
Khairpur district is located in north-eastern Sindh and is bounded on the north by Shikarpur and Sukkur, on the east by India, on the south by Sanghar district and Shaheed Benzeerabad and on the west by Larkana and Noshero Feroz. The district lies from 680 10’ to 700 10’ east longitude and 260 9’ to 270 42’ north Latitude.
== Politics ==
Politically, the city of Khairpur have been dominated by the [[Pakistan People's Party]] (PPP) since the era of 1970s. Excluding the exceptional occasions, where other parties had also left mark of their victory now or then but more or less the city have been represented by the MNAs belonging PPP in the [[Provincial Assembly of Sindh|Provincial]] and [[National Assembly of Pakistan|National Assembly]].
=== The National Assembly ===
The city is represented by the 1 MNA in the federal legislature since the remapping of the constituencies during [[Elections in Pakistan|2018 Elections]].
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!Member of National Assembly (MNAs)
!Constituency
!Year
!Party
|-
|[[Nafisa Shah|Nafeesa Shah]]
|'''[[NA-202 (Khairpur-I)|NA-208 Khairpur-I]]'''
|2018
|[[Pakistan People's Party|PPP]]
|}
=== The Provincial Assembly ===
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!Member of Provincial Assembly (MPA)
!Constituency
!Year
!Party
|-
|[[Syed Qaim Ali Shah]]
|'''[[PS-26 Khairpur-I]]'''
|2018
|[[Pakistan People's Party|PPP]]
|}
==Climate==
Khairpur has a [[hot desert climate]] ([[Köppen climate classification]] ''BWh''), characterised by extremely hot and hazy summers with warm winters. Khairpur is known for its extremely hot summers, and was described as the hottest city in [[British India]].<ref name=william>{{cite book|last1=Hughes|first1=Albert William|title=A Gazetteer of the Province of Sind|publisher=G. Bell and Sons|date=1876|url=https://archive.org/details/agazetteerprovi00unkngoog|page=[https://archive.org/details/agazetteerprovi00unkngoog/page/n712 677]|quote=aror .|access-date=19 December 2017}}</ref> Wind speed is low throughout the year, and sunshine is abundant. Summer temperatures regularly surpass {{convert|50|°C|°F|abbr=on}}. Dry heat is experienced starting from April to early June until the [[Monsoon]] season starts to arrive. Monsoons in Khairpur are not very wet, but bring high [[dew point]]s, resulting in high heat indices. Monsoons recede by September, but it is not until late October that the short lived autumn season is experienced before the onset of the region's cool winters.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.wunderground.com/history/daily/OPSK/date/2013-7-6?mr=1|title=Khairpur, Pakistan History|website=Weather Underground}}</ref> The average annual rainfall of Khairpur is {{cvt|87.6|mm}} and mainly occurs in the monsoon season. The highest annual rainfall ever is {{cvt|375|mm}}, recorded in 1978 and the lowest annual rainfall ever is 0&nbsp;mm in 1941.
{{Weather box
|width = auto
|location = Khairpur
|metric first = Y
|single line = Y
|Jan record high C = 31.0
|Feb record high C = 38.0
|Mar record high C = 45.0
|Apr record high C = 49.0
|May record high C = 50.5
|Jun record high C = 50.5
|Jul record high C = 46.5
|Aug record high C = 44.5
|Sep record high C = 43.5
|Oct record high C = 41.6
|Nov record high C = 37.2
|Dec record high C = 31.0
|Jan high C = 24.8
|Feb high C = 26.2
|Mar high C = 32.4
|Apr high C = 39.2
|May high C = 43.3
|Jun high C = 43.2
|Jul high C = 41.0
|Aug high C = 39.1
|Sep high C = 37.9
|Oct high C = 35.6
|Nov high C = 30.3
|Dec high C = 24.8
|Jan mean C = 16.5
|Feb mean C = 18.2
|Mar mean C = 23.9
|Apr mean C = 30.1
|May mean C = 34.6
|Jun mean C = 35.7
|Jul mean C = 34.7
|Aug mean C = 33.2
|Sep mean C = 31.4
|Oct mean C = 27.8
|Nov mean C = 21.7
|Dec mean C = 16.5
|Jan low C = 8.3
|Feb low C = 10.2
|Mar low C = 15.4
|Apr low C = 21.1
|May low C = 25.9
|Jun low C = 28.3
|Jul low C = 28.4
|Aug low C = 27.3
|Sep low C = 24.9
|Oct low C = 20.0
|Nov low C = 13.2
|Dec low C = 8.3
|Jan record low C = 1.0
|Feb record low C = 0.5
|Mar record low C = 3.0
|Apr record low C = 9.5
|May record low C = 16.5
|Jun record low C = 19.5
|Jul record low C = 20.8
|Aug record low C = 17.5
|Sep record low C = 19.5
|Oct record low C = 12.4
|Nov record low C = 5.0
|Dec record low C = -1.5
|Jan precipitation mm = 3.5
|Feb precipitation mm = 7.0
|Mar precipitation mm = 6.8
|Apr precipitation mm = 5.7
|May precipitation mm = 5.0
|Jun precipitation mm = 4.5
|Jul precipitation mm = 20.8
|Aug precipitation mm = 20.4
|Sep precipitation mm = 0.9
|Oct precipitation mm = 3.0
|Nov precipitation mm = 0.6
|Dec precipitation mm = 9.4
|Jan precipitation days = 0.3
|Feb precipitation days = 0.6
|Mar precipitation days = 0.8
|Apr precipitation days = 0.4
|May precipitation days = 0.4
|Jun precipitation days = 0.5
|Jul precipitation days = 2.0
|Aug precipitation days = 0.6
|Sep precipitation days = 0.1
|Oct precipitation days = 0.1
|Nov precipitation days = 0.1
|Dec precipitation days = 0.3
|Jan humidity = 52
|Feb humidity = 48
|Mar humidity = 39
|Apr humidity = 28
|May humidity = 29
|Jun humidity = 38
|Jul humidity = 49
|Aug humidity = 56
|Sep humidity = 52
|Oct humidity = 46
|Nov humidity = 47
|Dec humidity = 52
|Jan sun = 276
|Feb sun = 294
|Mar sun = 318
|Apr sun = 345
|May sun = 363
|Jun sun = 372
|Jul sun = 357
|Aug sun = 336
|Sep sun = 321
|Oct sun = 309
|Nov sun = 288
|Dec sun = 276
|source 1 =PMD (1991–2020)<ref name= PMD>{{cite web
|url = http://ffd.pmd.gov.pk/cp/ffd.php
|title = Flood Forecasting Division Lahore
|access-date = February 24, 2020}}</ref>
|source 2 =climate-data<ref name= climate-data>{{cite web
|url = https://en.climate-data.org/asia/pakistan/sindh/Khairpur-1227/
|title = Climate Khairpur (Pakistan)
|access-date = June 2, 2022}}</ref>
}}
==Demographics==
At the 1998 census, the population of the city of Khairpur was 102,188 having increased from 61,447 at the 1981 census. The city had an estimated population{{Ref|estimate}} of 127,857 in 2006.
[[File:Maryam Cannon chowk Khairpur.jpg|thumb|مريم توب چوڪ خيرپور]]
==Education==
There are following Colleges and Universities in Khairpur
* [https://www.khprkmc.edu.pk Khairpur Medical College KMC, Khairpur Mirs]
* [https://gims.edu.pk Pir Abdul Qadir Shah Jeelani Institute of Medical Sciences, Khairpur Mirs]
* [https://salu.edu.pk Shah Abdul Latif University, Khairpur Mirs]
* [http://ibaiet.org IBA-Institute of Emerging Technologies, SIBAU Campus Khairpur]
* [http://muetkhp.edu.pk Mehran University College Of Engineering And Technology SZAB Campus Khairpur],
* [http://bbsutsd.edu.pk/ The Benazir Bhutto Shaheed University of Technology & Skill Development, Khairpur Mirs],
* [http://sau.edu.pk/kcaet/ Khairpur College of Agricultural Engineering and Technology (KCAET) at Khairpur],
* [https://pk.maarifschool.org/country/1021 Pak-Turk Maarif International Schools and Colleges Khairpur Campus] ,
* [http://www.ibacc.edu.pk/Default.aspx IBA Community College Khairpur] ,
* [http://www.ibacc.edu.pk/Default.aspx Superior Science College Khairpur Mirs] ,
* [http://www.ibacc.edu.pk/Default.aspx Khairpur Women College Khairpur] ,
==See also==
{{Columns-list|colwidth=22em|
* [[Khairpur District]]
* [[Khairpur (princely state)]]
* [[Sindh]]
* [[Gambat]]
* [[Thari Mirwah]]
* [[Rasoolabad]]
* [[Piryaloi]]
* [[Kingri]]
}}
==References==
{{Reflist}}
==Further reading==
*{{cite encyclopedia|url=http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/316057/Khairpur|title=Khairpur|encyclopedia=[[Encyclopædia Britannica]]}}
==External links==
*{{Wikivoyage inline|Khairpur}}
* [http://www.ishraqi.com/betav1/khairpur-diaries-where-women-earn-and-women-rule/ Khairpur diaries: Where women earn and women rule] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160421220557/http://www.ishraqi.com/betav1/khairpur-diaries-where-women-earn-and-women-rule/ |date=2016-04-21 }}
* [http://www.dawn.com/2011/07/26/the-golden-harvest-of-khairpur.html The golden harvest of Khairpur by Zofeen Ebrahim]
{{Commons category|Category:Khairpur}}
{{PakistanCities}}
{{Khairpur District}}
{{Authority control}}
[[Category:Populated places in Sindh]]
[[Category:Khairpur District]]