View source for LMDh

{{Short description|Type of sports prototype race car}}
[[File:GTP (53107337217).jpg|thumb|In order, Cadillac, Acura and BMW at [[Road America]]]]
'''LMDh''' ('''Le Mans Daytona h''')<ref name="FIA LMDh Regulations">{{cite web | url = https://www.fia.com/sites/default/files/lmdh-technical-regulations-2023.05.03_blackline.pdf | title = LMDh Technical Regulations | publisher = [[Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile]] | date = 5 May 2023 | accessdate = 17 August 2023 | format = PDF}}</ref> is a [[sports prototype]] category that competes alongside [[Le Mans Hypercar]] entries in the Grand Touring Prototype (GTP) class of the [[IMSA SportsCar Championship]] from 2023.<ref name="GTP">{{cite web |url=https://www.imsa.com/news/2022/01/27/imsa-top-class-to-be-named-gtp-beginning-in-2023/ |title=IMSA Top Class to Be Named GTP Beginning in 2023 |website=[[IMSA|www.imsa.com]] |date=27 January 2022 |access-date=1 April 2022}}</ref> It also competes in the Hypercar class in the [[FIA World Endurance Championship]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=WEC allows LMDh cars to race in Hypercar class in 2022 |url=https://www.motorsport.com/wec/news/lmdh-allowed-2022-hypercar-lmp2/9135935/ |access-date=2022-06-28 |website=www.motorsport.com |language=en}}</ref>
The LMDh ruleset was created jointly by the [[International Motor Sports Association]] (IMSA) and the [[Automobile Club de l'Ouest]] (ACO).<ref>{{Cite web |title=ACO, IMSA reveal LMDh regulation details |url=https://www.motorsport.com/wec/news/wec-announces-lmdh-rule-details/4789483/ |access-date=2022-08-10 |website=www.motorsport.com |language=en}}</ref> The cars serve as the successor to the [[Daytona Prototype International]] class, utilising regulations that were planned to become the next-generation Daytona Prototype International ruleset, converged with the Le Mans Hypercar ruleset.<ref name="racer_2021-01-24">{{cite web |title=LMDh to replace DPi in new IMSA ACO convergence |url=https://racer.com/2020/01/24/lmdh-to-replace-dpi-in-new-imsa-aco-convergence/ |website=www.racer.com |last=Pruett |first=Marshall |date=24 January 2020 |access-date=2 April 2022}}</ref>
The [[FIA World Motor Sport Council]] had allowed LMDh cars to participate in the 2022 WEC season on a race-by-race basis, "to ensure the seamless introduction" in 2023; however, no LMDh cars would end up participating at any of the 2022 season races, and they would instead make their debut in the 2023 season.<ref name="racebyrace">{{cite web |url=https://www.fia.com/news/fia-announces-world-motor-sport-council-decisions-25 |title=FIA announces World Motor Sport Council decisions |website=[[FIA|www.fia.com]] |date=19 March 2022 |access-date=2 April 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220402204611/https://www.fia.com/news/fia-announces-world-motor-sport-council-decisions-25 |archive-date=2 April 2022 |url-status=live}}</ref>
== History ==
=== DPi 2.0 ===
Following the FIA World Endurance Championship's transition to a winter calendar in 2018, IMSA announced in January 2018, that it would extend the homologation periods for LMP2, DPi and GTE-spec machinery in the WeatherTech SportsCar Championship by an additional year. This would delay the homologation periods in the championship by roughly six months, which necessitated the homologation extension from IMSA. As such, the DPi and LMP2 cars, which were originally confirmed for a four-year period through 2020, would now be eligible for competition until at least the end of the 2021 season.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Dagys|first=John|title=IMSA Extends LMP2, DPi, GTE Homologation Periods – Sportscar365|url=https://sportscar365.com/imsa/iwsc/imsa-extends-lmp2-dpi-gte-homologation-periods/|access-date=2020-08-26|website=sportscar365.com }}</ref> Despite calls from manufacturers to retain the DPi platform and regulations for the 2022 season, then-IMSA President Scott Atherton announced that IMSA was looking at other options beyond a further extension to the life of the DPi platform.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Dagys |first=John |title=Atherton Downplays DPi Regs Extension; "New Content" for '22 – Sportscar365 |url=https://sportscar365.com/imsa/iwsc/atherton-downplays-dpi-regs-extension-new-content-for-2022/ |access-date=2020-08-26 |website=sportscar365.com }}</ref>
On May 6, 2019, IMSA announced that the next generation DPi ruleset, known as DPi 2.0 would be an evolution based on the current LMP2-based platform, featuring [[Hybrid electric vehicle|hybrid]] technology from a single supplier, with supply voltage being unconfirmed.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Dagys |first=John |title=IMSA Confirms 'Mild Hybrid', Evolution Strategy for DPi 2.0 – Sportscar365 |url=https://sportscar365.com/imsa/iwsc/imsa-confirms-mild-hybrid-evolution-for-dpi-2-0/ |access-date=2020-08-26 |website=sportscar365.com }}</ref> A few days later, IMSA's VP of Competition Simon Hodgson stated that the next-generation DPi regulations would be expected to  feature increased styling measures, by opening up more areas where manufacturers were able to add styling cues. Hodgson also indicated that the enlarged scope for styling cues may also come alongside regulations that dictated minimum level of styling required from each manufacturer.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Dagys|first=John|title=DPi 2.0 Set for Increased Styling Measures – Sportscar365|url=https://sportscar365.com/imsa/iwsc/dpi-2-0-set-for-increased-styling-measures/|access-date=2020-08-26|website=sportscar365.com }}</ref>
On June 24, 2019, it was revealed that IMSA had held discussions with manufacturers regarding the incorporation of hybrid technology in the next-generation DPi ruleset, with manufacturers on the DPi 2.0 steering committee divided over the level electrification in the hybrid systems. Electrification concepts proposed included high and low-voltage systems of varying costs.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Dagys|first=John|title=IMSA Yet to Decide on Hybrid Voltage for DPi 2.0 – Sportscar365|url=https://sportscar365.com/imsa/iwsc/imsa-yet-to-decide-on-hybrid-voltage-for-dpi-2-0/|access-date=2020-08-26|website=sportscar365.com }}</ref> A further meeting held in late June saw a 400-volt system, providing in the range of 70-90 kW (90-120 hp) of electric power emerge as the leading electrification option.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Dagys |first=John |title=High-Voltage Hybrids Emerge as Favored Option for DPi 2.0 – Sportscar365 |url=https://sportscar365.com/imsa/iwsc/high-voltage-hybrids-in-favor-for-dpi-2-0-regs/ |access-date=2020-08-26 |website=sportscar365.com }}</ref> However, despite 400-volt systems having emerged as the leading option in June, it was revealed in September that discussions had yet to reach any form of consensus, although it was agreed that manufacturers could build their own hybrid systems.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Hybrid Size & Shape, The Sticking Point For DPI 2022? – dailysportscar.com|url=http://www.dailysportscar.com/2019/09/12/hybrid-size-shape-the-sticking-point-for-dpi-2022.html|access-date=2020-08-26|website=www.dailysportscar.com}}</ref>
=== DPi 2.0 and LMH convergence ===
Following the 2019 "Super Sebring" weekend which saw the [[2019 12 Hours of Sebring]] held on the same weekend as the [[2019 1000 Miles of Sebring|inaugural]] [[1000 Miles of Sebring]], WEC CEO Gerard Neveu revealed the possibility of DPi becoming included as part of the "Hypercar" regulations, with the integration of DPis depending on the performance levels of both platforms. <ref>{{Cite web|last=Dagys|first=John|title=FIA, ACO Leave Door Open for DPis in New Top Class Regs – Sportscar365|url=https://sportscar365.com/lemans/wec/fia-aco-leave-door-open-for-dpi-in-top-class/|access-date=2020-08-26|website=sportscar365.com|language=en-US}}</ref> On July 31, 2019, FIA World Endurance Championship CEO Gerard Neveu revealed that an active effort was underway between the ACO and IMSA technical departments to seek similar performance targets between Hypercar and DPi 2.0, which would allow for both platforms to eventually crossover and compete head to head.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Dagys|first=John|title=Neveu Hopeful of Hypercar, DPi 2.0 Crossover for 2022 – Sportscar365|url=https://sportscar365.com/lemans/wec/neveu-hopeful-of-hypercar-dpi-2-0-convergence/|access-date=2020-08-26|website=sportscar365.com|language=en-US}}</ref>
On November 11, 2019, WEC's sole LMP1 manufacturer Toyota stated it would be open for DPi integration into the FIA World Endurance Championship's top class, on the condition it would not hinder the Japanese manufacturer from displaying its hybrid technology.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Dagys|first=John|title=Toyota Open to DPi Integration into WEC's Top Class – Sportscar365|url=https://sportscar365.com/lemans/wec/toyota-open-for-dpi-integration-into-wecs-top-class/|access-date=2020-08-26|website=sportscar365.com|language=en-US}}</ref> Shortly after the release of the LMH Technical regulations, McLaren announced it would not be considering a LMH programme, and instead called for DPi to be brought into the WEC, with McLaren Racing CEO [[Zak Brown]] stating that a LMH programme was unviable for the British manufacturer, calling for steep reduction in costs.<ref>{{Cite web|title=McLaren won't build hypercar, wants DPi in WEC|url=https://www.motorsport.com/wec/news/mclaren-hypercar-global-dpi-brown/4613243/|access-date=2020-08-26|website=www.motorsport.com|language=en}}</ref> Ford and Porsche expressed similar sentiments, calling for convergence between LMH and DPi.<ref>{{Cite web|title=McLaren & Porsche Still Pushing For Hypercar-DPi 2.0 Convergence – dailysportscar.com|url=http://www.dailysportscar.com/2019/12/14/mclaren-porsche-still-pushing-for-hypercar-dpi-2-0-convergence.html|access-date=2020-08-26|website=www.dailysportscar.com}}</ref>
On 15 January 2020, [[Toyota Racing Development]] president and general manager David Wilson expressed support for convergence between both platforms, stating that convergence of the two platforms would serve as a compelling reason for [[Lexus]] to launch a DPi programme.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Dagys|first=John|title=Lexus in Support of DPi/Hypercar Convergence; Le Mans Prospects – Sportscar365|url=https://sportscar365.com/lemans/wec/trd-prototype-convergence-would-be-game-changer/|access-date=2020-08-26|website=sportscar365.com|language=en-US}}</ref>
=== LMDh ===
On 24 January 2020, ahead of the [[2020 24 Hours of Daytona]], a joint ACO and IMSA press conference was held at the [[Daytona International Speedway]],<ref>{{Cite web|title=Significant Conference To Take Place Tomorrow – dailysportscar.com|url=http://www.dailysportscar.com/2020/01/24/significant-conference-to-take-place-tomorrow.html|access-date=2020-08-26|website=www.dailysportscar.com}}</ref> where ACO and IMSA announced the new Le Mans Daytona h (LMDh) ruleset. It would supersede the Daytona Prototype International, and was converged with the Le Mans Hypercar regulations. It was planned to first be introduced in Europe starting from September 2021, before having its North American debut in 2022 at the 2022 Rolex 24 at Daytona.<ref name="racer_2021-01-24"/><ref>{{Cite web|last=Silvestro|first=Brian|date=2020-01-24|title=ACO and IMSA Are Creating a New Joint Top-Level Le Mans Prototype Class|url=https://www.roadandtrack.com/motorsports/a30653184/aco-imsa-lmdh-prototype-rules-announcement/|access-date=2020-08-26|website=Road & Track|language=en-US}}</ref>
Despite initial plans to allow manufacturers to build their own hybrid systems, this was scrapped in the draft LMDh regulations released in May, in favour of a spec 50kW hybrid system.<ref>{{Cite web|title=LMDH-Hypercar Convergence Technical Details Released (Updated) – dailysportscar.com|url=http://www.dailysportscar.com/2020/05/07/lmdh-hypercar-convergence-technical-details-released.html|access-date=2020-08-26|website=www.dailysportscar.com}}</ref> The draft regulations stated that a car weight of 1030 kg, 500 kW peak of combined power from engine and hybrid system, a single bodywork package, a single tyre supplier, alongside a global Balance of Performance system to balance out LMDh and LMH cars.<ref>{{cite web |last=Cotton |first=Andrew |date=28 January 2020 |title=WEC Hypercar update |url=https://www.racecar-engineering.com/articles/wec-hypercar-update/ |access-date=1 April 2022 |website=www.racecar{{nbh}}engineering.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-01-24|title=New LMDh prototype car will compete for victory at Le Mans and Daytona|url=https://www.motorsportmagazine.com/articles/sports-cars/new-lmdh-prototype-car-will-compete-for-victory-at-le-mans-and-daytona|access-date=2020-08-26|website=Motor Sport Magazine|language=en-GB}}</ref>
The gearbox hybrid system will be supplied by [[Xtrac]] with an integrated motor generator unit supplied by [[Robert Bosch GmbH|Bosch]] and batteries from [[Williams Grand Prix Engineering|Williams Advanced Engineering]].<ref name="NWN">{{cite magazine|magazine=Newbury Weekly News Business Today section|date=8 October 2020|title =Xtrac appointed gearbox supplier for New Hybrid sports car endurance racing}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.wae.com/news/2020/09/williams-advanced-engineering-appointed--as-exclusive-battery-system|title = Williams Advanced Engineering (Wae) Appointed as Exclusive Battery System Supplier for the LMDH Regulations|date = 18 September 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Le Mans Daytona hybrid system |url=https://www.bosch-motorsport.com/products-and-services/product-highlights/hybrid-system-lmdh/ |access-date=2023-04-01 |website=Bosch Motorsport |language=en |quote=Bosch Motorsport is ... the supplier of the unified hybrid system.}}</ref> The chassis suppliers will be [[Dallara]], [[Ligier]], [[Multimatic]] and [[Oreca]].<ref name=NWN></ref> IMSA has said it will refer to the class as GTP, in reference to [[IMSA GTP|the 1980s category]].<ref>{{Cite news|url= https://racer.com/2022/01/27/imsa-to-salute-its-history-by-rebranding-lmdh-as-gtp/ |title= IMSA to salute its history by rebranding LMDh as GTP |last= Pruett |first= Marshall |work= [[Racer magazine]] |date= 27 January 2022 |access-date= 28 January 2022}}</ref>
==Manufacturers==
{| class="wikitable" style="font-size: 90%"
! Manufacturer
! Model
! Picture
! Chassis
! Debut
! Source
|-
| align="left" | [[Acura]]
| align="center" | [[Acura ARX-06|ARX-06]]
| align="center" | [[File:2023 Acura ARX-06 Daytona.jpg|center|200x200px]]
| align="center" | [[Oreca]]
| align="center" | [[2023 24 Hours of Daytona]]
| align="center" | <ref>{{cite web |url=https://racer.com/2021/01/26/acura-confirms-lmdh-program/ |title=Acura confirms LMDh program |author=Marshall Pruett |website=Racer |date=26 January 2021}}</ref>
|-
| align="left" | [[BMW]]
| align="center" | [[BMW M Hybrid V8|M Hybrid V8]]
| align="center" | [[File:2024 6 Hours of Spa-Francorchamps BMW M Team WRT BMW M Hybrid V8 No.20 (DSC05965).jpg|center|200x200px]]
| align="center" | [[Dallara]]
| align="center" | [[2023 24 Hours of Daytona]]
| align="center" | <ref>{{cite web |url=https://racer.com/2021/11/13/bmw-confirms-move-to-lmdh-with-bmw-team-rll/ |title=BMW confirms move to LMDh with BMW Team RLL |author=Richard S. James |website=Sportscar365 |date=13 November 2021}}</ref>
|-
| align="left" | [[Cadillac]]
| align="center" | [[Cadillac V-Series.R|V-Series.R]]
| align="center" | [[File:2024 6 Hours of Spa-Francorchamps Cadillac Racing Cadillac V-Series.R No.2 (DSC05870).jpg|center|200x200px]]
| align="center" | [[Dallara]]
| align="center" | [[2023 24 Hours of Daytona]]
| align="center" | <ref>{{cite web |url=https://sportscar365.com/lemans/wec/cadillac-announces-lmdh-program-with-axr-ganassi/ |title=Cadillac Announces LMDh Program with AXR, Ganassi |author=Daniel Lloyd |website=Sportscar365 |date=24 August 2021}}</ref>
|-
| align="left" | [[Porsche]]
| align="center" | [[Porsche 963|963]]
| align="center" | [[File:2024 6 Hours of Spa-Francorchamps Porsche Penske Motorsport Porsche 963 No.6 (DSC06324).jpg|center|200x200px]]
| align="center" | [[Multimatic]]
| align="center" | [[2023 24 Hours of Daytona]]
| align="center" | <ref>{{cite web |url=https://us.motorsport.com/wec/news/porsche-prototype-le-mans-wec-imsa-2023/4927786/ |title=Porsche LMDh prototype set for Le Mans, WEC, IMSA in 2023 |author=Gary Watkins |website=Motorsport.com |date=15 December 2020}}</ref>
|-
| align="left" | [[Automobiles Alpine|Alpine]]
| align="center" | [[Alpine A424|A424]]
| align="center" | [[File:2024 6 Hours of Spa-Francorchamps Alpine Endurance Team Alpine A424 No.35 (DSC06252).jpg|center|200x200px]]
| align="center" | [[Oreca]]
| align="center" | [[2024 Qatar 1812 km]]
| align="center" | <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.24h-lemans.com/en/news/24-hours-of-le-mans-alpine-to-compete-in-hypercar-starting-in-2024-55678|title = 24 Hours of Le Mans – Alpine to compete in Hypercar starting in 2024}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Alpine tease Le Mans unveiling of 2024 Hypercar |url=https://www.dailysportscar.com/2023/05/30/alpine-tease-le-mans-unveiling-of-2024-hypercar.html}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Alpine unveils its 2024 LMDh challenger for WEC |url=https://www.motorsport.com/wec/news/alpine-2024-lmdh-reveal-a424/10480572/ |access-date=2023-06-09 |website=www.motorsport.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.alpine-cars.co.uk/fia-wec/a424-beta.html|title = A424_Β ALPINE HYPERCAR FOR 2024}}</ref>
|-
| align="left" | [[Lamborghini]]
| align="center" | [[Lamborghini SC63|SC63]]
| align="center" | [[File:2024 6 Hours of Spa-Francorchamps Lamborghini Iron Lynx Lamborghini SC63 No.63 (DSC02437).jpg|center|200x200px]]
| align="center" | [[Ligier]]
| align="center" | [[2024 Qatar 1812 km]]
| align="center" | <ref>{{Cite web |title=Lamborghini announces development of its LMDh hybrid sports car prototype racing program |url=https://www.lamborghini.com/en-en/motorsport/news/lamborghini-announces-development-of-its-lmdh-hybrid-sports-car-prototype-racing-program |access-date=2022-05-18 |website=www.lamborghini.com |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Ligier To Provide Chassis For 2024 Lamborghini LMDh {{!}} dailysportscar.com |url=https://www.dailysportscar.com/2022/06/07/ligier-to-provide-chassis-for-2024-lamborghini-lmdh.html |access-date=2022-06-07 |website=www.dailysportscar.com}}</ref>
|-
| align="left" | [[Genesis Motor|Genesis]]
| align="center" | [[Genesis GMR-001|GMR-001]]
| align="center" |
| align="center" | [[Oreca]]
| align="center" | 2026
| align="center" | <ref>{{Cite web |last=Kilbey |first=Stephen |date=September 12, 2024 |title=Genesis To Enter Endurance Racing's Top Class With LMDh Programme |url=https://www.dailysportscar.com/2024/09/12/genesis-to-enter-endurance-racings-top-class-with-lmdh-programme.html |website=Dailysportscar.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.dailysportscar.com/2024/12/04/genesis-launches-gmr-001-hypercar-programme-in-dubai.html|title=Genesis Launches GMR-001 Hypercar Programme In Dubai|website=Dailysportscar|last=Kilbey|first=Stephen|date=4 December 2024|access-date=4 December 2024}}</ref>
|}
==See also==
*[[Le Mans Hypercar]]
== References ==
{{reflist}}
== External links ==
{{commons category|Le Mans Daytona h cars}}
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5RzojyiJ34s 24 Heures du Mans - What is a Hypercar?] (2021; 24 Heures du Mans at YouTube)
{{24 Hours of Le Mans}}
{{Class of Auto racing}}
{{Automobile Club de l'Ouest}}
[[Category:Sports car racing]]
[[Category:Le Mans Daytona h]]