View source for Lastadie

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| image_caption = Postcard of Lastadie
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[[image:ID004636 E105 SpeicherviertelLastadie.jpg|thumb|Postcard of Lastadie]]
'''Lastadie''' was a [[Quarter (urban subdivision)|quarter]] of central [[Königsberg]], [[Germany]]. Its territory is now part of [[Kaliningrad]], [[Russia]].
==Etymology==
The name Lastadie is derived from the [[Medieval Latin]] ''Lastagium'', referring specifically to [[sailing ballast]] and generally to loading docks.<ref name="M88">Mühlpfordt, p. 88</ref> In [[Old High German]] it became ''ladastat''<ref name="M88"/> and in [[Middle Low German]] ''Lastadie''.<ref>Frischbier II, p. 11</ref> In the [[Low Prussian]] dialect of Königsberg it was pronounced ''Lastaadje''.<ref>Albinus, p. 197</ref> While medieval docks were also built by [[Kneiphof]] (in [[Vorstadt (Königsberg)|Vordere Vorstadt]]) and [[Löbenicht]] (in neighboring Anger), the usage of "Lastadie" in Königsberg referred almost exclusively to those of [[Altstadt (Königsberg)|Altstadt]] built south of [[Laak (Königsberg)|Laak]].
==History==
[[image:Lastadie von Königsberg.jpg|thumb|Lastadie warehouses]]
The oldest docks of Königsberg were located on an island then known as Vogtswerder within the [[Pregolya|Pregel]] River. The 1286 charter of Altstadt allowed the town to build these initial docks (later known as the ''Kai'', meaning [[quay]]) on the western coast of the island, connected to Altstadt by the ''Grüne Brücke'' (Green Bridge).<ref>Reinicke, pp 102-103</ref> With the establishment of [[Kneiphof]] on the island Vogtswerder as a rival town in 1327, however, Altstadt was forced to move its dock operation.
Documented in 1339,<ref name="B247">Bötticher, p. 247</ref> the new Lastadie docks were built to the southwest outside of Altstadt's original walls. This new [[warehouse district]] was eventually bounded by the roads Neuer Graben and Reifschlägerstraße to the west and north, respectively, and the Pregel to the east and south.<ref>Antoni, p. 318</ref> In 1804 [[Ludwig von Baczko]] described Lastadie as being bounded by Altstadt, Laak, the Pregel, the 17th century city walls, and Holländer Baum.<ref>Baczko, p. 163</ref>
Medieval Lastadie was burned down by troops from Elbing ([[Elbląg]]) and Frauenburg ([[Frombork]]) led by Johann Schalski (Jan Szalski) in 1464 during the [[Thirteen Years' War (1454–66)|Thirteen Years' War]].<ref>Armstedt, p. 100</ref> Altstadt's slaughterhouse was documented in Lastadie in 1613, but was probably built earlier.
By the ''Rathäusliche Reglement'' of 13 June 1724, King [[Frederick William I of Prussia]] merged Altstadt and Lastadie into the united city of Königsberg.<ref>Gause II, p. 65</ref> The great fire of 11 November 1764 caused by a sailmaker in Lastadie was carried to eastern Königsberg by wind and heavily damaged Löbenicht and [[Sackheim]].<ref>Gause II, p. 168</ref>
Damaged by a fire in 1839,<ref>Mühlpfordt, p. 52</ref> Lastadie's importance declined with the construction of Königsberg's modern docks near [[Contienen]] after [[World War I]]. Lastadie was destroyed during the 1944 [[bombing of Königsberg in World War II]].
==Buildings==
[[image:ID003247 A152 Lastadienstrasse.jpg|thumb|left|Workers along Lastadienstraße]]
Lastadie was often referred to as Königsberg's ''Speicherviertel'' (warehouse quarter) or ''Hafenviertel'' (harbor quarter), because of its numerous multi-storied ''[[timber framing#German tradition or Fachwerkhäuser|Fachwerk]]''<ref>Guttzeit, p. 12</ref> warehouses built from the 16th-18th centuries. These decorated buildings had expressive names,<ref>Mühlpfordt, p. 135</ref> such as [[Sun|Sonne]], [[Eagle|Adler]], [[Faith|Glaube]], [[Lion|Löwe]], [[Bear|Bär]], [[Dove|Taube]], [[Mercury (mythology)|Merkur]], and [[Pelican|Pelikan]].<ref>Armstedt, p. 248</ref> The warehouses [[Stallion|Hengst]] and [[Bull]]e dated to 1589.
Altstadt's stock exchange, the Börse, was located in Lastadie along the Hundegatt branch of the Pregel. It ceased its function as a stock exchange in 1724 during the unification of Königsberg and was later dismantled.<ref name="B247"/> A [[Mennonite]] church was located on Altstädtischer Tränkgasse since 1 January 1770.
Bordering the warehouses was the mercantile district '''Lizent''', where tolls charged on goods arriving from the Pregel were collected at the Lizenthaus.<ref>Albinus, p. 202</ref> Much of Königsberg's [[Dutch people|Dutch]], [[English people|English]], [[Swedes|Swedish]], and [[Danes|Danish]] population settled in Lizent.<ref>Armstedt, p. 247</ref>
[[image:ID003612 B046 PillauerBahnhof.jpg|thumb|Pillauer Bahnhof with [[Neurossgarten Church]] in the background]]
The Holländer Baum was a barricade of chained tree branches located at the exit of the Pregel from the city, near Krausenecksche Wallstraße and the medieval city walls. Used to enforce tolls on ships arriving from the west, the Holländer Baum was first documented in 1459<ref>Gause I, p. 44</ref> and probably rebuilt by 1570.<ref>Bötticher, p. 173</ref> It was named after the large number of ships from medieval [[County of Holland|Holland]] which traded in the city.<ref>Frischbier I, p. 58</ref> The Litauer Baum by [[Sackheim]] in eastern Königsberg was a similar barricade.
West of Lizent and south of Laak were the 15th century Klapperwiese or Klappholzwiese,<ref>Mühlpfordt, p. 73</ref> meadows used for the storage of clapholt or [[Clapboard (architecture)|clapboard]] staves.<ref>Königsberg's other Klapperwiese were in [[Vordere Vorstadt]].</ref> The meadows, later known as the Lizentwiese, were gradually developed. Located on the thoroughfare Holländerbaumstraße (formerly Holzwiesenstraße) was a Hauptzollamt office (formerly Lizenthaus), which administered ship and rail tolls. To the west was the Heeresverpflegung-Hauptamt, the food supply office of the army. The Lizentbahnhof, also known as the Pillauer Bahnhof, was a train station constructed in 1865 in the former meadow land, located along Lizentgrabenstraße north of the bridge Eisenbahnbrücke (built 1863-65). This was replaced in 1929 by the opening of Bahnhof Holländerbaum north of the bridge Reichsbahnbrücke (built 1913).
==Notes==
{{reflist|2}}
==References==
*{{cite book|last=Albinus|first=Robert|title=Lexikon der Stadt Königsberg Pr. und Umgebung|year=1985|publisher=Verlag Gerhard Rautenberg|location=Leer|pages=371|isbn=3-7921-0320-6|language=de}}
*{{cite book|last=Armstedt|first=Richard|author-link=Richard Armstedt|title=Geschichte der königl. Haupt- und Residenzstadt Königsberg in Preussen|year=1899|publisher=Hobbing & Büchle|location=Stuttgart|pages=354|language=de}}
*{{cite book|last=Baczko|first=Ludwig von|author-link=Ludwig von Baczko|title=Versuch einer Geschichte und Beschreibung Königsbergs|url=https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_i9gAAAAAcAAJ|year=1804|publisher=Goebbels und Ungar|location=Königsberg|pages=[https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_i9gAAAAAcAAJ/page/n556 539]|language=de}}
*{{cite book|last=Bötticher|first=Adolf|author-link=Adolf Bötticher|title=Die Bau- und Kunstdenkmäler der Provinz Ostpreußen|year=1897|publisher=Rautenberg|location=Königsberg|pages=395|language=de}}
*{{cite book|last=Falkson|first=Ferdinand|author-link=Ferdinand Falkson|title=Nordostdeutsche Städte und Landschaften No. 4: Königsberg: Die Hauptstadt Ostpreussens|year=1888|publisher=A. W. Kafemann|location=Danzig|pages=75|language=de}}
*{{cite book|last=Frischbier|first=Hermann Karl|author-link=Hermann Karl Frischbier|title=Preussisches Wörterbuch: Ost- und westpreussische Provinzialismen in alphabetischer Folge, Erster Band|year=1882|publisher=Verlag von Th. Chr. Fr. Enslin|location=Berlin|pages=452|language=de}}
*{{cite book|last=Frischbier|first=Hermann Karl|author-link=Hermann Karl Frischbier|title=Preussisches Wörterbuch: Ost- und westpreussische Provinzialismen in alphabetischer Folge, Zweiter Band|year=1883|publisher=Verlag von Th. Chr. Fr. Enslin|location=Berlin|pages=555|language=de}}
*{{cite book|last=Gause|first=Fritz|author-link=Fritz Gause|title=Die Geschichte der Stadt Königsberg. Band II: Von der Königskrönung bis zum Ausbruch des Ersten Weltkriegs|year=1968|publisher=Böhlau Verlag|location=Köln|pages=761|language=de}}
*{{cite book|last=Guttzeit|first=Emil Johannes|title=Ostpreussen 1440 Bilder|year=2006|publisher=Weltbild|location=Augsburg|pages=730|isbn=3-8289-0575-7|language=de}}
*{{cite book|last=Mühlpfordt|first=Herbert Meinhard|author-link=Herbert Meinhard Mühlpfordt|title=Königsberg von A bis Z|year=1972|publisher=Aufstieg-Verlag|location=München|pages=168|isbn=3-7612-0092-7|language=de}}
*[[Rudolf Reicke|Reicke, Rudolf]] (ed). ''Altpreussische Monatsschrift'' (Januar &ndash; März 1905). Zweiundvierzigster Band. Der Provinzialblätter CVIII. Band. Erstes und Zweites Heft. Verlag von Thomas und Oppermann. Königsberg in Pr. {{in lang|de}}
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[[Category:1339 establishments in Europe]]
[[Category:Former subdivisions of Königsberg]]
[[Category:Populated places established in the 1330s]]
[[Category:Ports and harbours of Germany]]