View source for Lithuanian–Muscovite War (1500–1503)

{{Use British English|date=August 2024}}
{{Short description|War between Lithuania and Moscow (1500-1503)}}
{{Infobox military conflict
| conflict          = Lithuanian–Muscovite War (1500–1503)
| place             = Eastern part of [[Grand Duchy of Lithuania]]
| width             = 315px
| partof            = [[Muscovite–Lithuanian Wars]]
| image             = Літоўска-маскоўская вайна, кампанія 1500 року.svg
| image_size        = 315px
| caption           = Warfare in the years 1500–1503
| date              = 1500–1503
| result            = Muscovite victory
| combatant1        = {{flagicon|Grand Duchy of Lithuania|size=22px}} [[Grand Duchy of Lithuania]]<br>[[File:Baltic coat of arms.svg|18px]] [[Livonian Confederation]]
| combatant2        = [[File:Banner of the Most Merciful Savior, 1552.svg|20px]] [[Principality of Moscow]]<br>[[File:Flag of the Crimean Khanate (15th century).svg|24px]] [[Crimean Khanate]]<br>[[File:Символ господарства Псковского.png|22px]] [[Pskov Republic]]<br>[[Principality of Novgorod-Seversk]]
| commander1        = {{flagicon|Grand Duchy of Lithuania|size=22px}} [[Alexander Jagiellon]]<br>{{flagicon|Grand Duchy of Lithuania|size=22px}} [[Konstanty Ostrogski]] ([[POW]])<br>{{flagicon|Grand Duchy of Lithuania|size=22px}} [[Stanisław Kiszka]]<br>{{flagicon|Grand Duchy of Lithuania|size=22px}} Prince [[Mstislavsky]]<br>{{flagicon|Grand Duchy of Lithuania|size=22px}} [[Ostap Dashkevych]]<br>[[File:Baltic coat of arms.svg|18px]] [[Wolter von Plettenberg]]
| commander2        = [[File:Banner of the Most Merciful Savior, 1552.svg|20px]] [[Ivan III of Russia]]<br>[[File:Banner of the Most Merciful Savior, 1552.svg|20px]] [[Daniil Shchenya]]<br>[[File:Banner of the Most Merciful Savior, 1552.svg|20px]] [[Vasily Nemoy Shuysky]]<br>[[File:Banner of the Most Merciful Savior, 1552.svg|20px]] {{illm|Semyon Mozhayskiy|ru|Семён Иванович (князь стародубский северский)}}<br>[[File:Banner of the Most Merciful Savior, 1552.svg|20px]] {{illm|Dmitry Ivanovich Zhilka|ru|Дмитрий Иванович Жилка}}<br>[[File:Flag of the Crimean Khanate (15th century).svg|24px]] [[Meñli I Giray]]
| strength2         = 40,000 soldiers{{sfn|Razin|1999|p=321}}{{Sfn|Matulevičius|2018}}
| strength1         = Unknown
| territory         = [[Grand Duchy of Lithuania]] loses 210,000 sq km (81,000 sq mi) of land: [[Chernigov]], [[Novgorod-Seversk]], [[Starodub]], and lands around the upper [[Oka River]]
}}
The '''Lithuanian–Muscovite War (1500–1503)''' also known as the '''Second Lithuanian–Muscovite War''' was a war between the [[Grand Duchy of Lithuania]] led by [[Alexander Jagiellon]], [[Konstanty Ostrogski]] and the [[Livonian Confederation]] led by [[Wolter von Plettenberg]] against the [[Principality of Moscow]] led by [[Ivan III of Russia]] and [[Daniil Shchenya]] and the [[Crimean Khanate]] led by [[Meñli I Giray]]. It ended in a victory for Muscovy and its allies.
== Prelude ==
=== "Perpetual peace" treaty ===
{{Main article|Lithuanian–Muscovite War (1487–1494)}}
The First border war ended with a Muscovite victory.<ref>{{Cite book |title=Imagined, negotiated, remembered: constructing European borders and borderlands |date=2012 |publisher=Lit |isbn=978-3-643-90257-3 |editor-last=Katajala |editor-first=Kimmo |series=Mittel- und Ostmitteleuropastudien |location=Wien Zürich Berlin Münster |editor-last2=Lähteenmäki |editor-first2=Maria}}</ref> At the end of it, an eternal peace treaty was concluded, where most of the "[[Upper Oka Principalities]]" and [[Veliky Novgorod]], [[Pskov]], [[Tver]] and [[Ryazan]] were ceded to Moscow by Lithuania. Moscow renounced its claims on [[Smolensk]] and [[Bryansk]] which were to remain part of the [[Grand Duchy of Lithuania]]. In addition to this, Alexander Jagiellon married Ivan III's daughter Elena.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Московсько-литовські війни наприкінці ХV - першій половині ХVI ст. |url=http://history-konspect.org/?content=6243 |access-date= |website=history-konspect.org}}</ref>
=== Return of hostilities ===
Hostilities were renewed in May 1500<ref name=":0">{{Cite book |last=Davies |first=Norman |title=God's playground: a history of Poland: in two volumes |date=2005 |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=978-0-19-925339-5 |edition=Revised |location=Oxford ; New York |pages=111}}</ref> when Ivan III took advantage of a planned Polish–Hungarian campaign against the [[Ottoman Empire]].<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Kiaupa |first1=Zigmantas |title=The History of Lithuania before 1795 |last2=Kiaupienė |first2=Jūratė |last3=Kuncevičius |first3=Albinas |last4=Kiaupa |first4=Zigmantas |last5=Kiaupa |first5=Zigmantas |date=2000 |publisher=Arlila |others=Lietuvos Istorijos Institutas |isbn=978-9986-810-13-1 |location=Vilnius |pages=221}}</ref> He figured that if Poland and Hungary were preoccupied with the Ottomans, they would not be able to assist Lithuania.
== Timeline of the war ==
The war was to take place in three general places, those being [[Novhorod-Siverskyi]], Smolensk and [[Toropets]].<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=1500 07 14 antrajame kare su Maskvos DK lietuvių kariuomenė patyrė pralaimėjimą |url=https://www.delfi.lt/archive/1500-07-14-antrajame-kare-su-maskvos-dk-lietuviu-kariuomene-patyre-pralaimejima.d?id=22891331 |access-date= |website=DELFI |language=lt}}</ref> The main fighting happened in the direction of Smolensk, which was the second most strategically important front of the war.<ref name=":1" />{{Campaignbox Muscovite–Lithuanian War (1500–1503)}}The Muscovites managed to quickly occupy Lithuanian fortresses in Bryansk, [[Vyazma]],<ref name=":0" /> [[Dorogobuzh]], Toropets and [[Putyvl|Putivl]].<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":3">{{Cite book |last=Stevens |first=Carol Belkin |title=Russia's wars of emergence, 1460-1730 |date=2007 |publisher=Pearson Longman |isbn=978-0-582-21891-8 |series=Modern wars in perspective |location=Harlow New York |pages=58}}</ref> After capturing the fortress at Dorogobuzh, half of the [[Grand Ducal Lithuanian Army]], which was a vanguard of about 3,500 horsemen moved towards Smolensk, meeting up with 500 horsemen led by [[Stanisław Kiszka]].<ref name=":1" /> Local nobles such as the [[Vorotynsky|Vorotynskys]] often joined the Muscovite army. Another attack came from the southeast into the [[Kiev Voivodeship]], [[Volhynia]] and [[Podolia]]. On 14 July 1500, the Lithuanians fought against the Muscovite army in the Battle of Vedrosha.<ref>{{Citation |last=Fennell |first=J. L. I. |title=Russia, 1462–1584 |date=1990-08-02 |work=The New Cambridge Modern History |pages=599 |editor-last=Elton |editor-first=G. R. |url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/CBO9781139055772A026/type/book_part |access-date= |edition=2 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |doi=10.1017/chol9780521345361.024 |isbn=978-1-139-05577-2}}</ref>
=== Battle of Verdosha ===
{{Main article|Battle of Vedrosha}}
The [[Grand Hetman of Lithuania]] Konstanty Ostrogski was confident in his strength, although heavily underestimated the Muscovite army. He decided to attack first with an army of 4,000 soldiers against the Muscovite army numbering at least 20,000 soldiers.<ref name=":1" /> The Lithuanians attacked the camp of the central Muscovites forces at a tributary of the Dnieper, the Vedrosha river, but were tricked into a well–organised ambush.<ref name=":1" />
[[File:Vedrosha battle 1500 location.jpg|thumb|Where the battle most likely took place]]
The Lithuanian army was lured into the main Muscovite army numbering around 40,000 soldiers commanded by [[Boyar|boyars]] [[Daniil Shchenya]] and {{Ill|Yakov Koshkin-Zakharyin|ru|Кошкин-Захарьин, Яков Захарьевич}}. The battle ended in a decisive defeat for Lithuania.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |title=Vedrošos mūšis |url=https://www.vle.lt/straipsnis/vedrosos-musis/ |access-date= |website=www.vle.lt |language=lt}}</ref>
The entire Lithuanian military leadership was captured by Muscovite forces, including Grand Hetman of Lithuania Konstanty Ostrogski,<ref name=":1" /> although he escaped from Moscow in 1507.<ref name=":2" />
This defeat greatly affected Lithuanian society, mostly politically and morally.<ref name=":1" /> The Lithuanian army received a painful lesson, in which they learnt to not divide limited forces for important operations and, on the contrary, concentrate them as much as possible.<ref name=":1" /> The defeat was also one of the reasons for the proposed [[Union of Mielnik]] between Poland and Lithuania.<ref>{{Cite web |title=1501 10 03 Lenkijos taryba ir Lietuvos atstovai nutarė, kad abi valstybės bus sujungtos į vieną valstybę. Lietuva šios sutarties neratifikavo. |url=https://www.delfi.lt/news/daily/history/1501-10-03-lenkijos-taryba-ir-lietuvos-atstovai-nutare-kad-abi-valstybes-bus-sujungtos-i-viena-valstybe-lietuva-sios-sutarties-neratifikavo-24177571 |access-date= |website=Delfi |language=lt}}</ref>
[[File:Битва под Мстиславлем 1501.jpg|thumb|300x300px|Battle of Mstislavl 1501, miniature from the Front Chronicle]]
=== Battle of Mstislavi ===
{{Main article|Battle of Mstislavl}}
The battle took place on November 4 1501, when Ivan III sent a new force under the command of {{illm|Semyon Mozhayskiy|ru|Семён Иванович (князь стародубский северский)}} towards [[Mstislavl]].<ref name=":4">{{Cite book |last1=Jaques |first1=Tony |title=Dictionary of battles and sieges: a guide to 8500 battles from Antiquity through the twenty-first century |last2=Showalter |first2=Dennis Edwin |date=2007 |publisher=Greenwood press |isbn=978-0-313-33536-5 |location=Westport (Conn.) |pages=693}}</ref> Local princes [[Mstislavsky]] together with [[Ostap Dashkevych]] organised the defense and were badly beaten.<ref name=":4" /><ref name=":5">{{Cite book |last=Gudavičius |first=E. |title=Lietuvos istorija: nuo seniausių laikų iki 1569 metų |date=2001 |publisher=Lietuvos Rašytojų sąjungos leidykla |isbn=978-9986-39-111-1 |location=Vilnius |pages=493}}</ref> Russian forces took advantage of the princes retreat, besieging the city and pillaging surrounding areas.<ref name=":5" /> A relief force was organised by Great Hetman [[Stanislovas Kęsgaila]], but neither him or Mozhayskiy dared to attack with the Russian forces retreating without a battle.<ref name=":9">{{Cite book |last=Vytas |first=Jankauskas |title=Lietuvos krašto apsaugos ministrai ir kariuomenės vadai |edition=Vol 1 |pages=51–52 |language=Lithuanian}}</ref> The Lithuanian forces had once again been defeated.
=== Death of John I Albert ===
In June 1501, [[John I Albert]], King of Poland died. This left his brother, Alexander Jagiellon, Grand Duke of Lithuania as the strongest candidate to the Polish throne. Due to this, he became preoccupied with the succession.<ref>{{Cite book |title=Lietuvos istorija. T. 4: Nauji horizontai: dinastija, visuomenė, valstybė ; Lietuvos Didžioji Kunigaikštystė 1386 - 1529 m. / Jūratė Kiaupienė, Rimvydas Petrauskas |date=2009 |publisher=Baltos Lankos |isbn=978-9955-23-239-1 |editor-last=Kiaupienė |editor-first=Jūratė |location=Vilnius |pages=464 |editor-last2=Petrauskas |editor-first2=Rimvydas |editor-last3=Dubonis |editor-first3=Artūras}}</ref> Alexander tried to counter religious accusations by attempting to establish a [[church union]] between Catholics and Orthodox as envisioned at the [[Council of Florence]] – the Orthodox would retain their traditions but would accept the pope as their spiritual sovereign.<ref name=":6">{{Cite book |last=Nowakowska |first=Natalia |url=https://www.worldcat.org/title/ocm71541878 |title=Church, state and dynasty in Renaissance Poland: the career of Cardinal Fryderyk Jagiellon (1468-1503) |date=2007 |publisher=Ashgate |isbn=978-0-7546-5644-9 |series=Catholic Christendom, 1300-1700 |location=Aldershot, England ; Burlington, VT |pages=134–136 |oclc=ocm71541878}}</ref> The [[Metropolis of Kiev and all Rus'|Metropolitan of Kiev and all Rus']] agreed to such an arrangement, but Helena was against it. Polish nobles, including Bishop [[Erazm Ciołek (bishop of Płock)|Erazm Ciołek]] and Cardinal [[Frederick Jagiellon]], discussed the issue of royal divorce.<ref name=":6" />
=== Livonian Confederation joins the war ===
The war continued, although not as successfully for Moscow. The Livonian Confederation led by Wolter von Plettenberg joined the war on Lithuanias side due to concluding a ten–year alliance on 17 May 1501.<ref name=":3" /> Their first success was seen in the Battle of the Siritsa River.
=== Battle of the Siritsa River ===
{{Main article|Battle of the Siritsa River}}
The battle took place on 27 August 1501 between the Livonian Confederation against the Principality of Moscow and [[Pskov Republic]]. The Livonian army consisted of 4,000 mounted [[Knight|knights]] and 2,000 foot [[Landsknecht|landsknechts]]<ref name=":7">{{Cite book |last=Зимин |first=Александр Александрович |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ddZKAAAAMAAJ |title=Россия на рубеже XV-XVI столетий: очерки социально-политической истории |date=1982 |publisher=Myslʹ |pages=190 |language=ru}}</ref> according to [[Aleksandr Zimin]] or 12,000<ref name=":8">{{Cite book |last=Nolan |first=Cathal J. |title=The age of wars of religion, 1000-1650. 2: L - Z |date=2006 |publisher=Greenwood Press |isbn=978-0-313-33734-5 |edition=1. publ |location=Westport, Conn |pages=539}}</ref> according to Cathal J. Nolan. The Muscovite army consisted of 6,000 [[Warrior|warriors]]<ref name=":7" /> according to Zimin and 40,000<ref name=":8" /> according to Nolan.
The Pskovians attacked first, although were thrown back by the Livonians. The Livonian artillery then destroyed the remainder of the Muscovite army despite a Russian attempt to reply with their own, insufficient artillery force. The Livonians defeated the Muscovites, largely due to the Russians' significant shortage of guns of any kind.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Hellie |first=Richard |title=Enserfment and Military Change in Muscovy |year=2004 |location=[[Chicago]] |pages=20, 27}}</ref>
=== Further Livonian success ===
After the Battle of the Siritsa River, the Livonians besieged [[Pskov]] and won the {{III|Battle of Lake Smolino|lt=Battle of Lake Smolino|ru|Сражение у озера Смолина}} in September 1502.
=== Siege of Smolensk ===
{{Main article|Siege of Smolensk (1502)}}
Smolensk was a strong and strategically important fortress, having been part of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania since 1404. The Russian army had reached it in June 1502, although Smolensk was well prepared.<ref name=":10">{{Cite book |last=Nelė |first=Asadauskienė |title=Lietuvos istorija. Enciklopedinis žinynas |year=2011 |pages=834–835 |language=Lithuanian}}</ref> The Russian army plundered [[Orsha]] and [[Vitebsk]] and attacked Smolensk with insufficient artillery.<ref name=":10" /> Not only was the assault on 16 September repelled, but the defense had managed to grow into a counterattack. Lithuanian reinforcements were brought by [[Stanislovas Kęsgaila]] as well, eventually forcing the Russians to retreat,<ref name=":9" /> suffering a defeat.
=== Destruction of the Golden Horde and Crimean Khanates role ===
The [[Golden Horde]] was an ally of Lithuania. The Crimean Khanate had managed to subjugate what remained of the Great Horde after sacking the capital [[New Sarai]] in 1502.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Magocsi |first=Paul R. |url=https://www.worldcat.org/title/463766328 |title=A history of Ukraine: the land and its peoples |date=2010 |publisher=University of Toronto Press |isbn=978-1-4426-4085-6 |edition=2nd |location=Toronto ; Buffalo |pages=180 |oclc=463766328}}</ref> It had also managed to pillage the Lithuania's southern towns of [[Slutsk]], [[Kletsk]], and [[Nyasvizh]], even threatening the capital city of [[Vilnius]].
=== Peace negotiations ===
The peace negotiations had begun in mid–1502 while the Siege of Smolensk was still ongoing. Alexander asked [[Vladislaus II of Hungary]] to act as the [[Mediation|mediator]], and a six-year truce was concluded on the [[Feast of the Annunciation]] (March 25) in 1503.<ref name=":6" />
== Result ==
The war had ended, with devastating terms for Lithuania. The Grand Duchy of Lithuania lost approximately 210,000 square kilometres (81,000 sq mi),<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Sederevičiūtė |first=Šarūnė |date=2016-09-01 |title=HOLOKAUSTO UŽMARŠTIS KAIP ISTORINIS PROCESAS: VABALNINKIEČIŲ ATMINTIES ATVEJIS |journal=Lietuvos istorijos studijos |volume=37 |issue=37 |pages=177 |doi=10.15388/lis.2016.37.10060 |issn=1392-0448|doi-access=free }}</ref> or a third of its territory: [[Chernigov]], [[Novgorod-Seversk]], [[Starodub]], and lands around the upper [[Oka (river)|Oka River]].<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Kiaupa |first1=Zigmantas |title=The History of Lithuania before 1795 |last2=Kiaupienė |first2=Jūratė |last3=Kuncevičius |first3=Albinas |last4=Kiaupa |first4=Zigmantas |last5=Kiaupa |first5=Zigmantas |date=2000 |publisher=Arlila |others=Lietuvos Istorijos Institutas |isbn=978-9986-810-13-1 |location=Vilnius |pages=221}}</ref> Russian historian [[Matvei Kuzmich Liubavskii]] counted Lithuanian losses at 70 [[Volost|volosts]], 22 towns, and 13 villages.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Alef |first=Gustave |title=Rulers and nobles in fifteenth-century Muscovy |date=1983 |publisher=Variorum Reprints |isbn=978-0-86078-120-2 |series=Collected studies series |location=London |pages=155}}</ref>
== Aftermath ==
The Lithuanians acknowledged Ivan's title, ''sovereign of all Russia''.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Decker |first=Leon |date= 1988|title=OCLC-To-Go: The Portable OCLC, Crosstalk, and Other Miscellany |url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/eb055894 |journal=OCLC Micro |volume=4 |issue=3 |pages=10–13 |doi=10.1108/eb055894 |issn=8756-5196}}</ref><ref name=":11">{{Cite book |last=Shaikhutdinov |first=Marat |url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctv249sgn2 |title=Between East and West: The Formation of the Moscow State |date=2021-11-23 |publisher=Academic Studies Press |isbn=978-1-64469-714-6 |pages=145–179 |doi=10.2307/j.ctv249sgn2|jstor=j.ctv249sgn2 }}</ref> Historian [[Edvardas Gudavičius]] said: ''"The war of 1492–1494 was a kind of reconnaissance mission conducted by the united Russia. [The terms of] the ceasefire of 1503 showed the planned political aggression of Russia, its undoubted military superiority. The concept of the sovereign of all Russia, put forward by Ivan III, did not leave room for the existence of the Lithuanian state".''<ref name=":11" />
Although Moscow had failed to capture Smolensk in this war, it successfully did so in the [[Lithuanian–Muscovite War (1512–1522)]] with the [[Siege of Smolensk (1514)|Siege of Smolensk]] in 1514.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Fissel |first=Mark Charles |title=The military revolution and revolutions in military affairs |date=2023 |publisher=De Gruyter Oldenbourg |isbn=978-3-11-065725-8 |series=De Gruyter studies in military history |location=Berlin}}</ref>
Due to the Crimean Khanate managing to impose a threat on Vilnius during the war, Alexander Jagiellon ordered the construction of a [[Wall of Vilnius|defensive wall around his capital]], which was completed in 1522.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2008-06-04 |title=Omni.lt vartai - Naujienos |url=http://lietuvos.istorija.net/publicistika/kleckas.htm |access-date= |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080604152532/http://lietuvos.istorija.net/publicistika/kleckas.htm |archive-date=2008-06-04 }}</ref>
The [[Livonian Order]] and [[Principality of Moscow]] didn't fight against each other until the [[Livonian War]] (1558–1583), where the Livonian Confederation was dissolved in the [[Treaty of Vilnius (1561)|Treaty of Vilnius]] (1561).
== References ==
{{reflist}}
== Further reading ==
* {{Cite journal |last=Fine |first=John V. A. |date=1966 |title=The Muscovite Dynastic Crisis of 1497–1502 |journal=[[Canadian Slavonic Papers]] |volume=8 |pages=198–215 |doi=10.1080/00085006.1966.11417919 |jstor=40866006}}
* {{Cite book |last=Fennell |first=John Lister Illingworth |author-link=John Lister Illingworth Fennell |title=The New Cambridge Modern History |date=2 August 1990 |publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]] |isbn=978-1-139-05577-2 |editor-last=Elton |editor-first=Geoffrey Rudolph |editor-link=Geoffrey Elton |edition=2nd |volume=2 |pages=595–623 |chapter=Russia, 1462–1584 |doi=10.1017/chol9780521345361.024}}
* {{Cite encyclopedia |title=Vedrošos mūšis |encyclopedia=[[Universal Lithuanian Encyclopedia]] |url=https://www.vle.lt/straipsnis/vedrosos-musis/ |last=Matulevičius |first=Algirdas |date=2018-09-12 |language=lt}}
* {{Cite book |last=Zimin |first=Aleksandr A. |author-link=Aleksandr Zimin |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ddZKAAAAMAAJ |title=Россия на рубеже XV—XVI столетий |publisher=Myslʹ |year=1982 |location=Moscow |language=ru |trans-title=Russia at the turn of the 15th and 16th centuries |chapter=Победа при Ведроши |trans-chapter=Victory at Vedrosha |access-date=1 July 2023}}
* {{Cite book |last=Razin |first=Ye. A. |title=История военного искусства VI–XVI вв. |publisher=ООО "Издательство Полигон" |year=1999 |location=Saint Petersburg}} {{ISBN|5-89173-040-5}} (VI – XVI вв.). {{ISBN|5-89173-038-3}} (Военно-историческая библиотека).
* {{Cite book |last=Zimin |first=Aleksandr A. |author-link=Aleksandr Zimin |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ddZKAAAAMAAJ |title=Россия на рубеже XV—XVI столетий |publisher=Myslʹ |year=1982 |location=Moscow |language=ru |trans-title=Russia at the turn of the 15th and 16th centuries |chapter=Победа при Ведроши |trans-chapter=Victory at Vedrosha |access-date=1 July 2023}}
== External links ==
* [http://www.histrodamus.ee/?event=Show_main_layers&layer_id=107&lang=eng Interactive timeline of the Livonia–Moscow War (1501–1503)]
* {{Cite web |last=Lithuanian Institute of History |author-link=Lithuanian Institute of History |date=2009-07-13 |title=1500 07 14 antrajame kare su Maskvos DK lietuvių kariuomenė patyrė pralaimėjimą |url=https://www.delfi.lt/archive/1500-07-14-antrajame-kare-su-maskvos-dk-lietuviu-kariuomene-patyre-pralaimejima.d?id=22891331 |language=lt}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Lithuanian-Muscovite War (1500-1503)}}
[[Category:1500]]
[[Category:1501]]
[[Category:1502]]
[[Category:1503]]
[[Category:Military history of Lithuania]]
[[Category:Military history of Russia]]
[[Category:History of Lithuania (1219–1569)]]
[[Category:History of Russia]]
[[Category:16th century in Europe]]
[[Category:16th century in Lithuania]]
[[Category:16th century in Russia]]
[[Category:1500 in Europe]]
[[Category:1501 in Europe]]
[[Category:1502 in Europe]]
[[Category:1503 in Europe]]
[[Category:Muscovite–Lithuanian Wars]]