View source for Luís Filipe, Prince Royal of Portugal

{{Short description|Eldest son of Carlos I of Portugal (1887&ndash;1908)}}
{{refimprove|date=January 2019}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2023}}
{{Infobox royalty
| name        =Luís Filipe
| title       =[[Prince Royal of Portugal]], [[Duke of Braganza]] ([[List of titles and honours of the Portuguese Crown#Titles held by the heir apparent of the Kingdom of Portugal|more...]])
| image       = Luís Filipe, Prince Royal of Portugal.jpg
| caption = Photograph {{circa}} 1907
| house       =[[House of Braganza|Braganza]]<ref name="Braganza-Coburg" />
| father      =[[Carlos I of Portugal]]
| mother      =[[Amélie of Orléans]]
| birth_date  ={{Birth date|1887|3|21|df=y}}
| birth_place =[[Belém Palace]], [[Lisbon]], Portugal
| death_date  ={{Death date and age|1908|2|1|1887|3|21|df=y}}
| death_place =[[Lisbon]], Portugal
| burial_place =[[Pantheon of the House of Braganza|Royal Pantheon of the House of Braganza]]
| signature =Assinatura D. Luís Filipe.svg
}}
''[[Dom (title)|Dom]]'' '''Luís Filipe, Prince Royal of Portugal, Duke of Braganza''' ({{IPA|pt|luˈiʃ fiˈlipɨ}}; 21 March 1887 – 1 February 1908) was the eldest son and heir-apparent of King [[Carlos I of Portugal]]. He was born in 1887 when his father was still [[Prince Royal of Portugal]] and received the usual style of the heirs to the heir of the Portuguese crown: 4th [[Prince of Beira]] at birth, with the subsidiary title 14th [[Duke of Barcelos]]. After his grandfather King [[Luís I of Portugal]] died, he became [[Prince Royal of Portugal]] with the subsidiary titles 21st [[Duke of Braganza]], 20th Marquis of Vila Viçosa, 28th count of Barcelos, 25th count of Ourém, 23rd count of Arraiolos and 22nd count of Neiva.
==Early life==
[[File:Príncipe D. Luís Filipe (1887-1908).png|thumb|left|Photograph of Prince Luís Filipe, {{circa|1900–08}}]]
''Luís Filipe Maria Carlos Amélio Fernando Víctor Manuel António Lourenço Miguel Rafael Gabriel Gonzaga Xavier Francisco de Assis Bento'' was born in [[Lisbon]], the elder son of [[Carlos I of Portugal|Carlos]], [[Prince Royal of Portugal]] (later King Carlos I of Portugal), and Princess [[Amélie d'Orléans]], a member of the [[House of Braganza]].<ref name="Braganza-Coburg">"While remaining [[Patrilineality|patrilineal]] dynasts of the duchy of [[Saxe-Coburg and Gotha]] according to pp. 88, 116 of the 1944 ''[[Almanach de Gotha]]'', Title 1, Chapter 1, Article 5 of the [http://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/14904/pg14904.html 1838 Portuguese constitution] declared, with respect to [[Ferdinand II of Portugal]]'s issue by his first wife, that 'the Most Serene House of Braganza is the reigning house of Portugal and continues through the Person of the Lady Queen Maria II'. Thus their mutual descendants constitute the Coburg line of the House of Braganza"</ref>
Two years after his birth, Dom Luís Filipe inherited all his father's royal princely titles when his father became king. He was himself re-styled Prince Royal, and at the same time inherited the Dukedom of Braganza (as 21st Duke), which brought with it the largest private fortune in Portugal at that time, completely at the disposal of the heir to the Portuguese crown.
In 1907, the Prince Royal acted as regent of the kingdom while his father was outside the country. The same year he made a very successful official visit to the Portuguese colonies in Africa, the first member of the royal family ever to visit them.
Dom Luís Filipe was the pupil of the African war hero [[Joaquim Augusto Mouzinho de Albuquerque|Mouzinho de Albuquerque]], and like all the Braganzas, showed many aptitudes in the arts, besides his pursuing a military education. Around the time of Dom Luís Filipe's assassination, negotiations for marriage to his cousin [[Princess Patricia of Connaught]] were underway. Princess Patricia was the granddaughter of Queen [[Victoria of the United Kingdom]] and [[Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha]], the daughter of British [[Prince Arthur, Duke of Connaught and Strathearn]], and [[Princess Louise Margaret of Prussia]].
==Lisbon Regicide==
{{main|Lisbon Regicide}}
On 1 February 1908, Luís Filipe and his family were returning to Lisbon from [[Ducal Palace of Vila Viçosa|Vila Viçosa Palace]]. [[Alfredo Luís da Costa]] and [[Manuel Buiça]], two members of a revolutionary society called the [[Carbonária]], shot at all the royal family, hitting his father King Carlos, Luís Filipe, and his younger brother [[Manuel II of Portugal|Infante Manuel, Duke of Beja]]. Carlos I died immediately, while Luís Filipe lived for another twenty minutes. Manuel survived the attack, having only been shot in the arm, while the queen was unharmed.
Manuel succeeded to the throne as Manuel II. Luís Filipe is buried next to his father and forefathers in the [[Pantheon of the House of Braganza|Royal Pantheon of the House of Braganza]] in [[Lisbon]]. His younger brother, King Manuel II of Portugal, and his mother, Queen [[Amélie of Orléans|Maria Amélia]], are buried opposite.
On 5 October 1910, the monarchy under the reign of his surviving younger brother, Manuel II, was [[5 October 1910 revolution|overthrown in a military coup]] and the [[Portuguese First Republic]] was established.
==Honours==
===Domestic===
* Grand Commander of the [[Sash of the Three Orders|Three Military Orders]] of [[Order of Christ (Portugal)|Christ]], [[Order of Aviz|Aviz]] and [[Order of Saint James of the Sword|St. James]]
* Grand Cross of the Royal Military [[Order of the Tower and Sword]]
* Grand Cross of the Royal Military [[Order of the Immaculate Conception of Vila Viçosa|Order of Our Lady of Conception of Vila Vicosa]]
===Foreign===
* German Empire: Knight of the [[Order of the Black Eagle]]<ref>Justus Perthes, ''Almanach de Gotha'' (1908) [https://archive.org/details/almanachdegotha00unse_89/page/n99 p. 66]</ref>
* Monaco: Grand Cross of the [[Order of Saint-Charles]], ''22 July 1904''<ref>[https://journaldemonaco.gouv.mc/var/jdm/storage/original/application/09f6dc2a5f2abbaa2ad9e99422ad635a.pdf Journal de Monaco]</ref>
* Spain:
** Grand Cross of the Royal and Distinguished [[Order of Charles III]], ''1887''<ref>{{citation|chapter-url=http://hemerotecadigital.bne.es/issue.vm?id=0000996413&search=&lang=es|chapter=Real y distinguida orden de Carlos III|title=Guía Oficial de España|date=1908|access-date=15 December 2019|page=162|language=es}}</ref>
** Knight of the [[Order of the Golden Fleece]], ''14 November 1892''<ref>{{citation|chapter-url=http://hemerotecadigital.bne.es/issue.vm?id=0000996413&search=&lang=es|chapter=Caballeros de la insigne orden del toisón de oro|title=Guía Oficial de España|date=1908|access-date=15 December 2019|page=152|language=es}}</ref>
* United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland: Stranger Knight Companion of the Most Noble [[Order of the Garter]], ''15 July 1902''<ref>{{London Gazette|issue=27454|page=4509| date=15 July 1902}}</ref>
* Empire of Japan: Grand Cordon of the [[Supreme Order of the Chrysanthemum]], ''10 June 1904''<ref>{{cite book|author=刑部芳則|title=明治時代の勲章外交儀礼|url=http://meijiseitoku.org/pdf/f54-5.pdf|year=2017|publisher=明治聖徳記念学会紀要|language=ja|page=150}}</ref>
===Arms===
<gallery class="center" widths="200" heights="200">
File:Blason Louis-Philippe de Portugal (1887 † 1908).svg|Coat of arms as a Knight of the Garter
File:Coat of Arms of Luís Filipe, Prince Royal of Portugal (Order of the Golden Fleece Variant).svg|Coat of arms as a Knight of the Golden Fleece
</gallery>
Luis Filipe bore as heir to the throne the arms of his father; differenced by a Label of three points Or.
==Ancestry==
{{ahnentafel
|collapsed=yes |align=center
|boxstyle_1=background-color: #fcc;
|boxstyle_2=background-color: #fb9;
|boxstyle_3=background-color: #ffc;
|boxstyle_4=background-color: #bfc;
|1= 1. '''Luís Filipe, Prince Royal of Portugal'''
|2= 2. [[Carlos I of Portugal]]
|3= 3. [[Amélie of Orléans|Princess Amélie of Orléans]]
|4= 4. [[Luís I of Portugal]]
|5= 5. [[Maria Pia of Savoy|Princess Maria Pia of Savoy]]
|6= 6. [[Prince Philippe, Count of Paris]]
|7= 7. [[Princess Marie Isabelle of Orléans]]
|8= 8. [[Ferdinand II of Portugal|Fernando II of Portugal]]
|9= 9. [[Maria II of Portugal]]
|10= 10. [[Victor Emmanuel II of Italy]]
|11= 11. [[Adelaide of Austria|Archduchess Adelaide of Austria]]
|12= 12. [[Prince Ferdinand Philippe, Duke of Orléans]]
|13= 13. [[Duchess Helene of Mecklenburg-Schwerin]]
|14= 14. [[Prince Antoine, Duke of Montpensier]]
|15= 15. [[Infanta Luisa Fernanda, Duchess of Montpensier|Infanta Luisa Fernanda of Spain]]
}}
==References==
{{Reflist}}
{{Commons category|Luis Filipe of Portugal}}
{{S-start}}
{{S-hou|[[House of Braganza]]|21 March|1887|1 February|1908|[[House of Aviz]] and [[House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha]]}}
{{S-roy|pt}}
{{S-bef|rows=2|before=[[Carlos I of Portugal]]}}
{{S-ttl|title=[[Prince Royal of Portugal]]|years=1889–1908}}
{{S-aft|after=[[Infante Afonso, Duke of Porto]]}}
{{S-ttl|title=[[Dukes of Braganza|Duke of Braganza]]|years=1889–1908}}
{{S-vac|next=[[Duarte Nuno, Duke of Braganza]]}}
{{s-end}}
{{Dukes of Braganza}}
{{Portuguese infantes}}
{{House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (Portugal)}}
{{Princes of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha}}
{{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Luis Filipe Of Portugal, Prince Royal}}
[[Category:1887 births]]
[[Category:1908 deaths]]
[[Category:Nobility from Lisbon]]
[[Category:House of Braganza-Saxe-Coburg and Gotha]]
[[Category:Dukes of Braganza]]
[[Category:Murdered royalty]]
[[Category:Assassinated Portuguese people]]
[[Category:People murdered in Portugal]]
[[Category:Heirs apparent who never acceded]]
[[Category:Grand Crosses of the Order of Christ (Portugal)|3]]
[[Category:Grand Crosses of the Order of Aviz|3]]
[[Category:Grand Crosses of the Order of Saint James of the Sword|3]]
[[Category:Knights Grand Cross of the Order of the Immaculate Conception of Vila Viçosa]]
[[Category:Extra Knights Companion of the Garter]]
[[Category:Knights of the Golden Fleece of Spain]]
[[Category:Grand Crosses of the Order of Saint-Charles]]
[[Category:Deaths by firearm in Portugal]]
[[Category:Princes Royal of Portugal]]
[[Category:Princes of Beira]]
[[Category:Burials at the Monastery of São Vicente de Fora]]
[[Category:19th-century Portuguese people]]
[[Category:1908 murders in Portugal]]
[[Category:Sons of kings]]