View source for Lyngbya

{{Short description|Genus of bacteria}}
{{Automatic taxobox
|image = Lyngbya.jpg
|image_caption = ''Lyngbya'' sp.
|taxon = Lyngbya
|authority = [[Jacob Georg Agardh|Agardh]] Ex [[Maurice Gomont|Gomont]], 1892<ref>[https://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=870 ''Lyngbya''  Agardh Ex Gomont, 1892 ] ITIS. Retrieved 2011-09-24.</ref>
|subdivision_ranks = Species
|subdivision =
*''[[Lyngbya aestuarii]]''
*''[[Lyngbya bouillonii]]''
*''[[Lyngbya confervoides]]''
*''[[Lyngbya hieronymusii]]''
*''[[Lyngbya kuetzingii]]''
*''[[Lyngbya majuscula]]''
*''[[Lyngbya polychroa]]''
*''[[Lyngbya semiplena]]''
}}
'''''Lyngbya''''' is a [[genus]] of [[cyanobacteria]], [[Unicellular organism|unicellular]] [[autotroph]]s that form the basis of the oceanic [[food chain]].
As a result of recent genetic analyses, several new genera were erected from this genus: ''e.g.'', ''[[Moorea (alga)|Moorea]]'',<ref name="EngeneRottacker2011">{{cite journal|last1=Engene|first1=N.|last2=Rottacker|first2=E. C.|last3=Kastovsky|first3=J.|last4=Byrum|first4=T.|last5=Choi|first5=H.|last6=Ellisman|first6=M. H.|last7=Komarek|first7=J.|last8=Gerwick|first8=W. H.|title=Moorea producens gen. nov., sp. nov. and Moorea bouillonii comb. nov., tropical marine cyanobacteria rich in bioactive secondary metabolites|journal=	Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol.|volume=62|issue=Pt 5|year=2011|pages=1171–1178|doi=10.1099/ijs.0.033761-0|pmid=21724952|pmc=3542135}}</ref> ''[[Limnoraphis]]'',<ref name="KomarekZapomelova2013">{{cite journal|last1=Komarek|first1=Jiri|last2=Zapomelova|first2=Eliska|last3=Smarda|first3=Jan|last4=Kopecky|first4=Jiri|last5=Rejmankova|first5=Eliska|last6=Woodhouse|first6=Jason|last7=Neilan|first7=Brett A.|last8=Komarkova|first8=Jaroslava|title=Polyphasic evaluation of Limnoraphis robusta, a water-bloom forming cyanobacterium from Lake Atitlan, Guatemala, with a description of Limnoraphis gen. nov.|journal=Fottea|volume=13|issue=1|year=2013|pages=39–52|doi=10.5507/fot.2013.004|doi-access=free}}</ref> ''[[Okeania]]'',<ref name="EngenePaul2013">{{cite journal|last1=Engene|first1=Niclas|last2=Paul|first2=Valerie J.|last3=Byrum|first3=Tara|last4=Gerwick|first4=William H.|last5=Thor|first5=Andrea|last6=Ellisman|first6=Mark H.|last7=De Clerck|first7=O.|title=Five chemically rich species of tropical marine cyanobacteria of the genus Okeania gen. nov. (Oscillatoriales, Cyanoprokaryota)|journal=J. Phycol.|volume=49|issue=6|year=2013|pages=1095–1106|pmid= 27007630 |doi=10.1111/jpy.12115|s2cid=35379310}}</ref> ''[[Microseira]]'',<ref name="McGregorSendall2015">{{cite journal|last1=McGregor|first1=Glenn B.|last2=Sendall|first2=Barbara C.|last3=Lindell|first3=D.|title=Phylogeny and toxicology of Lyngbya wollei(Cyanobacteria, Oscillatoriales) from north-eastern Australia, with a description of ''Microseira'' gen. nov.|journal=J. Phycol.|volume=51|issue=1|year=2015|pages=109–119|doi=10.1111/jpy.12256|pmid=26986262|s2cid=206147172}}</ref> and ''[[Dapis]]''.<ref name="EngeneTronholm2018">{{cite journal|last1=Engene|first1=Niclas|last2=Tronholm|first2=Ana|last3=Paul|first3=Valerie J.|last4=De Clerck|first4=O.|title=Uncovering cryptic diversity of Lyngbya: the new tropical marine cyanobacterial genus Dapis (Oscillatoriales)|journal=J. Phycol.|volume=54|issue=4|year=2018|pages=435–446|doi=10.1111/jpy.12752|pmid=29791035|doi-access=free}}</ref>
''Lyngbya'' species form long, unbranching filaments inside a rigid [[mucilage|mucilaginous]] sheath. Sheaths may form tangles or mats, intermixed with other [[phytoplankton]] species.  They [[Asexual reproduction|reproduce asexually]].  Their filaments break apart and each cell forms a new filament.<ref>[http://fmp.conncoll.edu/Silicasecchidisk/LucidKeys/Carolina_Key/html/Lyngbya_Main.html ''Lyngbya'', Cyanobacteria, ALGAL-ED, Freshwater Ecology Laboratory, Connecticut College] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131230233235/http://fmp.conncoll.edu/Silicasecchidisk/LucidKeys/Carolina_Key/html/Lyngbya_Main.html |date=2013-12-30 }}</ref>  The mats grow around [[atoll]]s, [[salt marsh]]es, or [[fresh water]].<ref name="Turner">{{cite book|last1=Turner|first1=Nancy J.|last2=von Aderkas|first2=Patrick|title=The North American Guide to Common Poisonous Plants and Mushrooms|date=2009|publisher=Timber Press|location=Portland, OR|isbn=9780881929294|pages=115–6|language=English|chapter=3: Poisonous Plants of Wild Areas|oclc=747112294}}</ref>
Some ''Lyngbya'' species cause the human skin irritation called [[seaweed dermatitis]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.dermnetnz.org/dermatitis/plants/seaweed.html |publisher=New Zealand Dermatological Society |title=Seaweed dermatitis |date=2007-02-24}}</ref>
Some ''Lyngbya'' species can also temporarily monopolize aquatic ecosystems when they form dense, floating mats in the water.
Ingestion of ''Lyngbya'' is potentially lethal.<ref name="Turner"/>  Most commonly, poisoning is caused by eating fish which have fed on ''Lyngbya'' or which have fed on other fish which have consumed ''Lyngbya''.<ref name="Turner"/>  This is called "[[Ciguatera fish poisoning|ciguatera]]-like" poisoning.<ref name="Turner"/>
==References==
{{Reflist}}
==External links==
{{Commons category}}
*[http://protist.i.hosei.ac.jp/PDB/Images/Prokaryotes/Oscillatoriaceae/Lyngbya/ ''Lyngbya'' Agardh 1824.] Protist Information Server.
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20080417113122/http://plants.ifas.ufl.edu/lynsp.html ''Lyngbya'' species.] Center for Aquatic and Invasive Plants. University of Florida IFAS.
*{{AlgaeBase genus|name=Lyngbya|id=42975}}
{{Taxonbar|from=Q310362}}
{{Authority control}}
[[Category:Cyanobacteria genera]]
[[Category:Oscillatoriales]]
{{cyanobacteria-stub}}