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{{Short description|Greek city and port of ancient Thrace}}
'''Madytus''' or '''Madytos''' ({{langx|grc|Μάδυτος}})<ref>{{Cite Stephanus|''s.v''}}</ref> was a [[ancient Greek|Greek]]<ref name=Poleis>{{cite book|author= Mogens Herman Hansen & Thomas Heine Nielsen |title= An inventory of archaic and classical poleis|url= https://archive.org/details/inventoryarchaic00hans |url-access= limited |year= 2004|publisher= [[Oxford University Press]]|location=New York|isbn= 0-19-814099-1|chapter= Thracian Chersonesos|pages= [https://archive.org/details/inventoryarchaic00hans/page/n924 908]-909}}</ref> city and port of [[ancient Thrace]], located in the region of the [[Thracian Chersonesos]], nearly opposite to [[Abydos (Hellespont)|Abydos]].<ref>{{Cite Livy|31.16, 33.38}}</ref><ref>{{Cite Mela|2.2}}</ref><ref>[[Anna Comnena]], xiv.; {{Cite Strabo|vii. p. 331}}</ref>
The city was a colony of the [[Aeolians]] from [[Lesbos]] who, according to the ancient authors, founded also [[Sestos]] and [[Alopekonessos]] and other cities of the [[Hellespont]].<ref>[[Pseudo-Scymnus]] (705-10), see: Scymni Chii Periegesis. Edition S.G. Teubner, 1846, Lipsiae. p. 40, available online http://my.qoop.com/google/mM2tt4TSVOQC/
</ref><ref>Benjamin H. Isaac (1986) [https://books.google.com/books?id=LcfLKHVi2UUC&pg=PA161 ''The Greek settlements in Thrace until the Macedonian Conquest''], Ed. E.J. Brill, Leiden, The Netherlands, p. 161.</ref>
This was part of the Greek colonization movement of the 8th and 7th centuries BC. Later more colonists came from the Greek Ionian cities of [[Miletus]] and [[Clazomenae]]. Archaeological evidence also supports Aeolian or possibly Athenian origin of colonists.<ref>Loukopoulou L. (2004) Thracian Chersonesos, in M. H. Hansen & T. H. Nielsen, Eds. (2004) [https://books.google.com/books?id=22jupg3FqdYC&pg=PA885 ''An Inventory of Archaic and Classical Poleis''], Oxford University Press, p. 900.</ref>
Madytus is tied to [[Greek mythology]] as it claimed to have the tomb of [[Hecuba]] in its territory.<ref name=Poleis/>
Madytus is referred to by [[Herodotus]] in relation to the [[Greco-Persian Wars|Persian Wars]],<ref>Herodotus of Halikarnassus, [http://www.sacred-texts.com/cla/hh/hh7030.htm ''The Histories''], Book 7 (Polymnia), 30.</ref> and by [[Xenophon]] as a base for the Athenian navy in 411.<ref>''Hellenika'', 1.1.3; cf. D. H. Kelly, ''Xenophon’s Hellenika: a Commentary'' (ed. J. McDonald), Amsterdam, 2019, p, 70.</ref> It was a member of the [[Delian League]] as attested by [[Ancient Athens|Athenian]] tribute registries between 445/4 and 421/0&nbsp;BC.<ref name=Poleis/> Bronze coins dated to the fourth century&nbsp;BC inscribed ΜΑΔΥ have been preserved.<ref name=Poleis/>
Madytus was an active commercial port during the [[Byzantine]] period and the [[Middle Ages]].<ref>W. Heyd (1885) [https://archive.org/stream/histoireducomme00parigoog/histoireducomme00parigoog_djvu.txt ''Histoire du commerce du Levant au Moyen-Age''], Ed. Emile Lechevauer, Paris, 1885, p. 284.</ref> It was occupied by the [[Ottoman Turks]] in the 15th century. The city continued to have a mainly Greek population until the 1920s when, after the [[Treaty of Lausanne]] and the [[exchange of population between Greece and Turkey]], most of the Greeks moved to Greece, where they founded the town of [[Nea Madytos]].
Its site is located near the modern [[Eceabat]] in [[European Turkey]].<ref>{{Cite Barrington|51}}</ref><ref>{{Cite DARE|32360}}</ref> [[Ptolemy]] mentions a town in the same district with the name of [[Madis (Thrace)|Madis]], which some identify with Madytus, but which seems to have been situated more inland.<ref>{{Cite Ptolemy|3.12.4}}</ref><ref>{{Cite DGRG|title=Madytus}}</ref>
==Notable people==
*[[Lazaros Sarantoglou]]
== See also ==
* [[List of ancient cities in Thrace and Dacia#Greek|Greek colonies in Thrace]]
==References==
{{Reflist}}
{{DGRG|title=Madytus}}
==Sources==
* {{cite book|first=Andreas|last=Külzer|title=Tabula Imperii Byzantini: Band 12, Ostthrakien (Eurōpē)|publisher=Österreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften|location=Vienna|year=2008|language=German|isbn=978-3-7001-3945-4|url=http://hw.oeaw.ac.at/3945-4inhalt?frames=yes|pages=501–504}}
{{Former settlements in Turkey}}
{{Authority control}}
{{coords|40.1854|N|26.3564|E|display=title|format=dms|source:http://dare.ht.lu.se/places/32360}}
[[Category:Greek colonies in the Thracian Chersonese]]
[[Category:Ancient Greek archaeological sites in Turkey]]
[[Category:Populated places of the Byzantine Empire]]
[[Category:Populated places in ancient Thrace]]
[[Category:Former populated places in Turkey]]
[[Category:Members of the Delian League]]
[[Category:Aeolian colonies]]
[[Category:Locations in Greek mythology]]
[[Category:History of Çanakkale Province]]