View source for Maki (political party)

{{use dmy dates|date=June 2015}}
{{for|the historical party|Maki (historical political party)}}{{Infobox political party
| country          = Israel
| name             = Communist Party of Israel
| native_name      = {{lang|he|המפלגה הקומוניסטית הישראלית}}<br />{{lang|ar|الحزب الشيوعي الاسرائيلي}}
| logo             = Communist Party of Israel Logo.svg
| logo_size        = 150px
| leader1_title    = Leadership
| leader1_name     = [[Central committee]]
| founder          = {{ubl|[[Meir Vilner]]|[[Tawfik Toubi]]}}
| foundation       = {{start date|1965|9|1|df=y}}
| split            = [[Maki (historical political party)|Maki]]
| dissolution      =
| headquarters     = [[Nazareth]], [[Tel Aviv]]
| newspaper        = [[Al-Ittihad (Israeli newspaper)|''Al-Ittihad'']]
| youth_wing       = [[Young Communist League of Israel]]
| ideology         = {{ubl|class=nowrap
| [[Communism]]
| [[Marxism–Leninism]]<ref>{{cite news |author=Ilan Lior |url=http://www.haaretz.com/news/israeli-elections-2013/israeli-elections-news-features/mk-dov-khenin-netanyahu-government-is-dangerous-for-israel-1.494332 |title=MK Dov Khenin: Netanyahu government is dangerous for Israel |newspaper=Haaretz |date=16 January 2013 |access-date=26 June 2015}}</ref>
}}
| position         = [[Far-left politics|Far-left]]
| national         = [[Hadash]]
| international    = [[International Meeting of Communist and Workers' Parties|IMCWP]]
| european         =
| colours          = [[Red]]
| seats1_title     = [[Knesset]]
| seats1           = {{Composition bar|2|120|hex={{party color|Maki (political party)}}}}
| blank1_title     = [[Ballot letters]]
| symbol           = {{Script/Hebrew|ו}}
| website          = {{URL|http://maki.org.il/}}
| colorcode        = {{party color|Maki (political party)}}
}}
{{Communist Parties|expanded=Asia}}
The '''Communist Party of Israel''', commonly known by its [[Hebrew abbreviations|Hebrew abbreviation]] '''Maki''' ({{langx|he|מק״י}}), is a [[Far-left politics|far-left]] [[Communist party|communist]] political party in [[Israel]] that forms part of the political alliance known as [[Hadash]]. It was originally known as '''Rakah''' ({{Lang|he|רק"ח}}), an acronym for ''Reshima Komunistit Hadasha'' ("New Communist List"), after breaking away from the original [[Maki (historical political party)|Maki]] in the 1960s.
==History==
[[File:Rakah1965.png|thumbnail|upright|Original logo of the party when it was named Rakah, or the New Communist List, in 1965]]
[[File:Dan Hadani collection (990044460250205171).jpg|thumb|Rakah members in 1969]]
Rakah was formed on 1 September 1965 due to internal disagreements in [[Maki (historical political party)|Maki]], the original Communist Party of Israel, which was split between a largely [[Jewish]] and [[Zionist]] faction led by [[Moshe Sneh]] that was critical of the [[Soviet anti-Zionism|Soviet Union's anti-Zionist]] stance, and a largely [[Arab]] faction that was increasingly [[anti-Zionist]].
As a result, the pro-Arab/pro-Soviet faction (including [[Emile Habibi]], [[Tawfik Toubi]] and [[Meir Vilner]]) left Maki to form a new party, Rakah, which the [[Soviet Union]] recognised as the "official" Communist Party. [[Shlomo Sand]] and [[Mahmoud Darwish]] were also Rakah activists.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Bartal |first=Shaul |date=2015-01-01 |title=Shlomo Sand, The Arabs' Darling |url=https://www.meforum.org/4909/shlomo-sand-the-arabs-darling |journal=Middle East Quarterly |language=en}}</ref>
The [[Eurocommunist]] faction, led by Sneh, remained in Maki.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=oSQgAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA182|title=A History of Modern Israel|author=Colin Shindler|year=2013|publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]]|page=182|isbn=9781107311213}}</ref> It was reported in the Soviet media that the Mikunis–Sneh group defected to the bourgeois-nationalist camp.<ref>''"Mezhdunarodnaya Zhizn"'', cited in edition ''"Välispanoraam 1972"'', Tallinn, 1973, lk 147 (''Foreign Panorama 1972'')</ref>
The [[1965 Israeli legislative election]] saw Rakah party win three seats, comprehensively beating Maki as it slumped to just one. Rakah's opposition to [[Zionism]] and the [[Six-Day War]] meant that they were excluded from the [[national unity government]]s of the [[sixth Knesset]]. In the [[1969 Israeli legislative election]] Rakah again won three seats. During the [[1973 Israeli legislative election]] Rakah saw a rise in support as the party picked up four seats.
Before the [[1977 Israeli legislative election|1977 elections]] the party joined with some other small left-wing and Arab parties, including some members of the [[Israeli Black Panthers]] to form [[Hadash]]. After the original Maki had disappeared after merging into [[Ratz (political party)|Ratz]] in 1981, members of Rakah decided to change the party's name to Maki in 1989.<ref>[https://www.knesset.gov.il/faction/eng/FactionPage_eng.asp?PG=62 New Communist List (Rakach)] Knesset website</ref> The party remains the leading force in Hadash, and owns the [[Al-Ittihad (Israeli newspaper)|''Al-Ittihad'']] newspaper.
==Election results==
{| class=wikitable style=text-align:center
!Election
!Lead candidate
!Votes
!%
!Position
!Seats
!+/–
!Status
|-
|[[1965 Israeli legislative election|1965]]
|rowspan="7" |[[Meir Vilner]]
|27,413
|2.27
|New
|{{Composition bar|3|120|hex=#C9262B}}
|{{increase}} 3
|{{no|opposition}}
|-
|[[1969 Israeli legislative election|1969]]
|38,827
|2.84
|{{increase}} 7th
|{{Composition bar|3|120|hex=#C9262B}}
|{{steady}}
|{{no|opposition}}
|-
|[[1973 Israeli legislative election|1973]]
|53,353
|3.41
|{{increase}} 6th
|{{Composition bar|4|120|hex=#C9262B}}
|{{increase}} 1
|{{no|opposition}}
|-
|[[1977 Israeli legislative election|1977]]
|align=center colspan=2 rowspan=5|Part of [[Hadash]]
|{{increase}} 5th
|{{Composition bar|4|120|hex=#C9262B}}
|{{steady}}
|{{no|opposition}}
|-
|[[1981 Israeli legislative election|1981]]
|{{steady}} 5th
|{{Composition bar|3|120|hex=#C9262B}}
|{{decrease}} 1
|{{no|opposition}}
|-
|[[1984 Israeli legislative election|1984]]
|{{steady}} 5th
|{{Composition bar|3|120|hex=#C9262B}}
|{{steady}}
|{{no|opposition}}
|-
|[[1988 Israeli legislative election|1988]]
|{{decrease}} 7th
|{{Composition bar|3|120|hex=#C9262B}}
|{{steady}}
|{{no|opposition}}
|-
|[[1992 Israeli legislative election|1992]]
|[[Tawfiq Ziad]]
|{{decrease}} 8th
|{{Composition bar|2|120|hex=#C9262B}}
|{{decrease}} 1
|{{maybe|support}}
|-
|[[1996 Israeli legislative election|1996]]
|[[Ahmad Sa'd]]
|align=center colspan=2|Part of [[Hadash]]–[[Balad (political party)|Balad]]
|{{increase}} 7th
|{{Composition bar|2|120|hex=#C9262B}}
|{{steady}}
|{{no|opposition}}
|-
|[[1999 Israeli legislative election|1999]]
|rowspan="5" |[[Mohammad Barakeh]]
|align=center colspan=2|Part of [[Hadash]]
|{{decrease}} 12th
|{{Composition bar|3|120|hex=#C9262B}}
|{{increase}} 1
|{{no|opposition}}
|-
|[[2003 Israeli legislative election|2003]]
|align=center colspan=2|Part of [[Hadash–Ta'al]]
|{{increase}} 9th
|{{Composition bar|2|120|hex=#C9262B}}
|{{decrease}} 1
|{{no|opposition}}
|-
|[[2006 Israeli legislative election|2006]]
|align=center colspan=2 rowspan=3|Part of [[Hadash]]
|{{decrease}} 11th
|{{Composition bar|2|120|hex=#C9262B}}
|{{steady}}
|{{no|opposition}}
|-
|[[2009 Israeli legislative election|2009]]
|{{increase}} 9th
|{{Composition bar|3|120|hex=#C9262B}}
|{{increase}} 1
|{{no|opposition}}
|-
|[[2013 Israeli legislative election|2013]]
|{{decrease}} 10th
|{{Composition bar|3|120|hex=#C9262B}}
|{{steady}}
|{{no|opposition}}
|-
|[[2015 Israeli legislative election|2015]]
| rowspan="6" |[[Aida Touma-Suleiman]]
|align=center colspan=2|Part of the [[Joint List]]
|{{increase}} 3rd
|{{Composition bar|4|120|hex=#C9262B}}
|{{increase}} 1
|{{no|opposition}}
|-
|[[April 2019 Israeli legislative election|April 2019]]
|align=center colspan=2|Part of [[Hadash–Ta'al]]
|{{decrease}} 5th
|{{Composition bar|3|120|hex=#C9262B}}
|{{decrease}} 1
|{{no|opposition}}
|-
|[[September 2019 Israeli legislative election|September 2019]]
|align=center colspan=2 rowspan=3|Part of the [[Joint List]]
|{{increase}} 3rd
|{{Composition bar|4|120|hex=#C9262B}}
|{{increase}} 1
|{{no|opposition}}
|-
|[[2020 Israeli legislative election|2020]]
|{{steady}} 3rd
|{{Composition bar|4|120|hex=#C9262B}}
|{{steady}}
|{{no|opposition}}
|-
|[[2021 Israeli legislative election|2021]]
|{{decrease}} 10th
|{{Composition bar|2|120|hex=#C9262B}}
|{{decrease}} 2
|{{no|opposition}}
|-
|[[2022 Israeli legislative election|2022]]
| colspan="2" |Part of [[Hadash–Ta'al]]
|{{decrease}} 12th
|{{Composition bar|2|120|hex=#C9262B}}
|{{steady}}
|{{no|opposition}}
|}
==References==
{{Reflist}}
==External links==
*{{Official website|http://maki.org.il/}}
{{Israeli political parties}}
{{Middle East communist parties}}
{{Authority control}}
[[Category:Arab political parties in Israel]]
[[Category:Political parties in Israel]]
[[Category:Communist parties in Israel]]
[[Category:Anti-Zionism in Israel]]
[[Category:Anti-Zionist political parties]]
[[Category:Political parties established in 1965]]
[[Category:1965 establishments in Israel]]
[[Category:International Meeting of Communist and Workers Parties]]
[[Category:Words and phrases in Modern Hebrew]]