View source for Mandres, Kilkis

{{Infobox Greek Dimos
|name = Mandres
|name_local = Μάνδρες
|type = community
|periph = [[Central Macedonia]]
|periphunit         = [[Kilkis (regional unit)|Kilkis]]
|municipality = [[Kilkis]]
|municunit = [[Gallikos]]
|population = 385
|population_as_of = 2021
|elevation = 100
|coordinates        = {{coord|40|59|N|22|52|E|format=dms|display=inline,title}}
|postal_code = 611 00
|area_code = 23410
|licence = NI, ΚΙ*
|website =
|image_skyline      =
|caption_skyline    =
|city_flag          =
|city_seal          =
|districts          =
|party              =
|since              =
|elevation_min      =
|elevation_max      =
}}
'''Mandres''' ({{langx|el|Μάνδρες}}, {{langx|bg|Хамбаркьой}}) is a village South of the City of [[Kilkis]] in the [[Kilkis (regional unit)|Kilkis regional unit]], Greece. It is part of the municipal unit [[Gallikos]] and has a population of 385 people (2021). Until 1926, Mandres was known as Ampar Kioi ({{langx|el|Αμπάρ Κιόι}}).<ref>{{cite web |url=http://pandektis.ekt.gr/dspace/handle/10442/170676|title=Πανδέκτης: Nivitsa -- Mandres|format= |access-date=2019-05-22}} ''Pandektis: Name Changes of Settlements in Greece'', compiled by the [http://www.eie.gr/nhrf/institutes/inr/index-en.html Institute for Neohellenic Research]</ref> The name was also written as Ambar Köy.<ref name="Friedman146"/>
== History ==
Ambar Koy was mainly a [[Slavic speakers of Macedonia (Greece)|Slavic speaking settlement]] and its population intermarried with other Slavic speaking villages in the area.<ref name="Karakasidou40">{{cite book|last=Karakasidou|first=Anastasia N.|title=Fields of Wheat, Hills of Blood: Passages to Nationhood in Greek Macedonia|year=1997|publisher=University of Chicago Press|isbn=9780226424996|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vGQ2enTZWO4C&q=Mandres+Ambar+K%C3%B6y&pg=PA40|pages=40}}</ref> In the early 1900s, [[Vasil Kanchov]] stated that the local population was composed of 300 [[Bulgarians]] and 66 [[Turkish people|Turks]], whereas [[Hilmi Pasha]] described the village as inhabited only by 195 Bulgarians.<ref name="Michailidis361"/> During the period of the [[Balkan Wars]], the [[Greek army]] destroyed the settlement<ref name="Michailidis361">{{cite book|last=Michailidis|first=Iakovos D.|chapter=Population Shifts in Contemporary Greek Macedonia|editor1-last=Koliopoulos|editor1-first=Ioannis|title=The History of Macedonia|year=2007|publisher=Museum of the Macedonian Struggle|url=http://www.macedonian-heritage.gr/HistoryOfMacedonia/Downloads/History%20Of%20Macedonia_EN-17.pdf|pages=361}}</ref> and it was repopulated by people from the village of [[Mandritsa]] in [[Bulgaria]].<ref name="Alatis157"/> Until [[World War II]], relatives from both villages would visit each other.<ref name="Alatis157">{{cite book|last=Alatis|first=James E.|title=International Dimensions of Bilingual Education|year=1978|publisher=Georgetown University Press|isbn=9780878401130|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FfVYAAAAMAAJ&q=Mandres+Arvanitika|pages=157}}</ref>
In the 1980s only middle aged and elderly generations within the village had knowledge of an Albanian dialect.<ref name="Hamp209"/> The Mandres Albanian dialect is similar to that of Mandritsa and sharply differs from other varieties of the [[Albanian language]].<ref name="Hamp209">{{cite book|last=Hamp|first=Eric|chapter=On signs of health and death|editor1-last=Dorian|editor1-first=Nancy C.|title=Investigating obsolescence: Studies in language contraction and death|year=1992|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=9780521437578|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=tRGSmX1ziNkC&q=Mandres+Mandritsa&pg=PA209|pages=209}}</ref><ref name="Hamp883">{{cite book|last=Hamp|first=Eric|chapter=Albanian|editor1-last=Gvozdanović|editor1-first=Jadranka|title=Indo-European Numerals|year=1992|publisher=Mouton de Gruyter|isbn=9783110113228|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=S-hmNOLuDGsC&q=Mandres+Mandritsa&pg=PA883|pages=883}}</ref><ref name="Friedman146">{{cite journal|last=Friedman|first=Victor A.|title=Slavic-Albanian Contacts and Early Polyglot Lexicons: The Albanian Lexicon of the Monk Arkádïi, A Mid-Nineteenth Century Manuscript from the Hilendar Monastery on Mount Athos|url=http://home.uchicago.edu/~vfriedm/Articles/085Friedman94.pdf|journal=Slavia meridionalis: Studia linguistica, slavica et balcanica|volume=1|year=1994|pages=146}}</ref> For example the [[Grammatical gender|gender system]] (masculine and feminine) present in all varieties of Albanian has disappeared from the Mandres Albanian dialect due to influence from the [[Turkish language]] when the population in the past lived near [[Turkey]].<ref name="Aikhenvald87">{{cite book|last=Aikhenvald|first=Alexandra Y.|title=How gender shapes the world|year=2016|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=9780198723752|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=21asDAAAQBAJ&q=Mandres+language&pg=PA87|pages=87}}</ref>
== References ==
{{Reflist}}
[[Category:Populated places in Kilkis (regional unit)]]
[[Category:Kilkis]]
[[Category:Albanian communities in Greece]]
{{Kilkis div}}