View source for Manuil Olshavskyi

{{Infobox Christian leader
| name = Manuil Mykhaylo Olshavskyi
| image= Olsavszky Mihály Mánuel.jpg
| bishop_of = Eparch of Mukacheve
| church = [[Ruthenian Greek Catholic Church|Ruthenian Catholic Church]]
| diocese = [[Byzantine Catholic Eparchy of Mukacheve|Vicar Apostolic for the Ruthenians in Mukacheve]]
| appointed = 5 September 1743
| enthroned=
| ended = 5 November 1767
| predecessor=[[Havryil Blazhovskyi]]
| successor = [[Ivan Bradach]]
| ordination = 1725 ([[Priesthood (Catholic Church)|Priest]])
| ordained_by=[[Hennadiy Bizantsiy]]
| consecration = 9 Dec 1743 ([[Bishop (Catholic Church)|Bishop]])
| consecrated_by=[[Inocenţiu Micu-Klein]]
| birth_date = about 1700
| birth_place =[[Oľšavica]]
| death_date = 5 November {{Death year and age|1767|1700}}
| death_place =[[Mukachevo]]
| birth_name= Michal Židik
}}
'''Manuil Mykhaylo Olshavskyi''', [[Order of Saint Basil the Great|O.S.B.M.]], (born as '''Michal Židik'''; {{langx|uk|Мануїл Михайло Ольшавський}}, {{langx|hu|Manó Mihály Olsavszky}}, {{langx|sk|Manuel Michal Olšavský}}, c. 1700 &ndash; 5 November 1767) was the bishop of the [[Byzantine Catholic Eparchy of Mukacheve|Vicariate Apostolic for the Ruthenians in Mukacheve]] from 1743 to his death in 1767.
==Life==
Mykhaylo Olshavskyi was born in about 1700 in the village of [[Oľšavica]], from which he took his surname (which originally was ''Židik''). He studied philosophy in [[Košice]] and than in the [[Jesuit]] college of [[Trnava]].<ref name="SlSt">{{cite journal |first=I.M. |last=Kondratovic  |journal=Slovak Studies |volume=III |title=The Olšavsky bishops and their activity |year=1963 |location=Rome |pages=179–198}}</ref>  At the end of his studies, he was ordained a [[secular priest]] in 1725 and assigned to the Eparchy of Mukacheve, where he later became [[vicar]] of the eparchs (bishops) [[Stefan Olshavskyi]] (who was his older brother) and [[Havryil Blazhovskyi]].
At the death of his predecessor, he was appointed on 8 February 1743 as vicar general by the [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Eger|Latin Bishop of Eger]]:<ref name="Pelesz">{{cite book |last=Pelesz |first=Julian | title = Geschichte der Union der ruthenischen Kirche mit Rom |year=1881 |publisher=Woerl | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=29UCAAAAQAAJ | pages=1033–1034 }}</ref>  as at that time, following the [[Union of Uzhhorod]], the eparch of Mukacheve was formally an [[apostolic vicar]] of the Latin diocese.<ref name="CE">{{Cite Catholic Encyclopedia|wstitle=Munkács}}</ref> In a few months he was elected to the position by the clergy, designated by the [[Empress Maria Theresa]], and so confirmed by [[Pope Benedict XIV]] on 5 September 1743.<ref name="CH">{{Catholic-hierarchy|bishop|bolsavsm|Bishop Mihály Emánuel Olsavszky, O.S.B.M.|23 January 2015}}</ref> He received the [[titular see of Rhosus]] and was consecrated [[Bishop (Catholic Church)|bishop]] on 9 December 1743<ref name="HKV">{{cite book |first=Dmytro |last=Blazejowsky |title=Hierarchy of the Kyivan Church (861-1990)| year=1990 |location=Rome | pages=331}}</ref> by the [[List of Major Archbishops of Făgăraş and Alba Iulia|bishop of Făgăraş]], [[Inocenţiu Micu-Klein]].<ref name="Nilles">{{cite book |title=Kalendarium Manuale Utriusque Ecclesiae Orientalis et Occidentalis Vol 3 Part 2 |author=Nicolao Nilles |publisher=Feliciani Rauch |year=1885 |page=572}}</ref> A short time before consecration, Mykhaylo Olshavskyi entered the [[Order of Saint Basil the Great]] and took the religious name of Manuil.<ref name="SlSt"/>
In 1746, Empress Maria Theresa requested Manuil Olshavskyi to undertake a pastoral visit to [[Transylvania]], that was at the time without a Byzantine Catholic bishop due to the exile of Micu-Klein.<ref name="Clercq">{{cite book | first=Charles |last= de Clercq | title =Histoire des conciles d'après les documents originaux, Tome XI Conciles des Orientaux Catholiques | publisher = Letouzey et Ané |location=Paris | year = 1949 |volume=1 |page=208}}</ref> He again returned to Transylvania in 1761 to address, with his authority and predication, the disturbance fomented by the Orthodox monk [[Sofronie of Cioara|Sofronie]].<ref name="SlSt"/>
In 1756, Olshavskyi completed and consecrated the sanctuary of [[Máriapócs]] which was started by his predecessor [[Gennadius Bizanczy]]. To serve the sanctuary, he built a monastery and assigned it to the [[Order of Saint Basil the Great|Basilian]] monks. He also built schools in Mukachevo and in Máriapócs for the instruction of the clergy, and succeeded in obtaining the necessary funding. While his predecessors in Mukachevo lived in the [[Saint Nicholas Monastery (Mukacheve)|Saint Nicholas Monastery]], by request of the monks, he built an [[Bishop|episcopal]] residence in town.<ref name="Pelesz"/> In 1764 he built, with his own money, a school of theology and one for [[cantor (church)|cantor]]s in Mukachevo.
In 1759 he could write to [[Propaganda Fide]] that in his eparchy there remained no Byzantine faithful who were not in [[full communion|communion]] with the [[Catholic Church]]. However, the [[ecclesiastical jurisdiction|jurisdictional]] situation of his eparchy, formally an apostolic vicariate under the Latin Bishop of Eger, was not satisfactory. So Manuil Olshavskyi contested the authority of the Bishop of Eger and tried to persuade Empress Maria Theresa to give full independence to the eparchy. He could not see the results of his work, but four years after his death, in 1771, the Eparchy of Mukacheve got its independence.
Manuil Olshavskyi died in [[Mukachevo]] on 5 November 1767, and he was buried in the sanctuary of [[Máriapócs]].<ref name="Pelesz"/>
Among his most memorable works might be his {{lang|la|Sermon et orientale de Sacra eccidentalem inter Unione quo ecclesia episcopus Rossensis}}.<ref name="MIEM">{{cite web |url=http://mek.niif.hu/03600/03630/html/o/o18332.htm |title=Olsavszky Manó Mihály |author=Szinnyei Jozsef |work=Magyar Irok Elete es Munkai|publisher=MEK |accessdate=23 April 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite book | first=Basil  |last=Boysak | title =Ecumenism and Manuel Michael Olshavsky: Bishop of Mukachevo (1743-1767); analysis of the Sermo de unione| publisher = University of Montréal |year=1967 }}</ref>
== Notes ==
{{Reflist|30em}}
{{s-start}}
{{s-rel|ca}}
{{s-bef|before=[[Havryil Blazhovskyi]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[Ruthenian Catholic Eparchy of Mukacheve|Vicar Apostolic for the Ruthenians in Mukacheve]]
|years=1743–1767}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Ivan Bradach]]}}
{{end}}
{{Subject bar |portal1= Biography |portal2= Catholicism |portal3= Hungary}}
{{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Olshavskyi, Manuil Mykhaylo}}
[[Category:1700 births]]
[[Category:1767 deaths]]
[[Category:18th-century Hungarian people]]
[[Category:18th-century Eastern Catholic bishops]]
[[Category:Bishops of the Ruthenian Greek Catholic Church]]
[[Category:Order of Saint Basil the Great]]
[[Category:People from Levoča District]]