View source for Marat Kazey

{{Short description|Azərbaycan}}
{{more citations needed|date=March 2021}}
{{Infobox military person
| name          = Marat Ivanovich Kazey
| birth_date    = 10 October 1929
| death_date    = 11 May 1944
| birth_place   = Stankovo, [[Dzyarzhynsk District|Koidanova District]], [[Minsk Region]], [[Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic|Byelorussian SSR]], [[Soviet Union|USSR]]
| death_place   = Khoromitskie, Uzda District, Minsk Region, Byelorussian SSR, USSR
| image         =
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| allegiance    = {{USSR}}
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| awards        = [[Hero of the Soviet Union]]
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}}
'''Marat Ivanovich Kazey''' ({{Langx|ru|Марат Иванович Казей}}, {{Langx|be|Марат Іванавіч Казей}}; 10 October 1929 in Stankovo village, [[Dzyarzhynsk District|Koidanova (now Dzyarzhynsk) District]], [[Minsk Region]], [[Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic|BSSR]], [[Soviet Union|USSR]] – 11 May 1944 in Khoromitskie village, Uzda District, Minsk Region, BSSR, USSR) was a Soviet partisan, scout, pioneer-hero, and posthumous [[Hero of the Soviet Union]].
== Biography ==
Father Ivan Georgievich Kazey, is a communist, activist, served for 10 years in the [[Baltic Fleet]]. He did military service on the [[Russian battleship Petropavlovsk (1911)|battleship Marat]], after which he named his son Marat. Then he worked at the Dzerzhinsk [[Machine tractor station|machine-tractor station]], headed the training courses for tractor drivers, was the chairman of the comrades court. In 1935 he was arrested for "sabotage", rehabilitated posthumously in 1959.<ref name="Ариадна">{{cite web |url=http://borisov-e.info/ru/news/society/2008/05/08/19524/kazei |title=Минчанка Ариадна Казей, родная сестра Марата Казея: "Фото Марата-героя в первые дни войны за пару яиц сделал немец" |author= |date=2008-05-08 |website= |publisher=Борисов Электронный |accessdate=2017-05-31 |archive-date=2017-05-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170516001042/http://borisov-e.info/ru/news/society/2008/05/08/19524/kazei |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name="Казей1">{{cite web
|url=https://aif.ru/society/history/poslednyaya_granata_pioner-partizan_marat_kazey_predpochyol_plenu_smert
|title=Последняя граната. Пионер-партизан Марат Казей предпочёл плену смерть
|last=
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|date= 2014-03-17
|website=www.aif.ru
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|access-date=2021-04-01
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Mother Anna Aleksandrovna Kazey was also an activist, she was a member of the election commission for elections to the [[Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union]]. Like her husband, she was subjected to reprisals, was arrested twice on charges of "[[Trotskyism]]", but was released. Despite the arrests, she continued to actively support the Soviet regime. [[Eastern Front (World War II)|During World War II]], she hid wounded partisans and treated them, for which in 1942 she was hanged by the Germans in [[Minsk]].<ref name="Ариадна1">{{cite web
|url=http://www.warheroes.ru/hero/hero.asp?Hero_id=12508
|title=Казей Ариадна Ивановна
|last=
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|access-date=2021-04-01
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After the death of his mother, Marat and his older sister Ariadna in November 1942 went to the partisan detachment named after the 25th anniversary of October Revolution.<ref name="Ариадна1"/>
In the winter of 1943, when the detachment was breaking out of an encirclement, Ariadne Kazei received severe frostbite to her feet, and it was required to amputate both of her legs. She was to be evacuated to the Soviet rear, but her condition worsened, and the amputation was carried out in the field. Ariadne was evacuated by plane only on June 14, 1943.<ref name="Ариадна1"/> Marat, being underage, was asked to evacuate with his sister, but he refused and remained in the detachment.
Subsequently, Marat became a scout of the headquarters of the 200th partisan brigade named after. [[Konstantin Rokossovsky|K. K. Rokossovsky]] under the command of brigade commander N. Yu. Baranov. In addition to reconnaissance, he participated in raids and sabotage. For gallantry and intrepidity in battle he was awarded the [[Order of the Patriotic War]] of the 1st degree, medals [[Medal "For Courage" (Russia)|"For Courage"]] (being wounded, he raised the partisans to attack) and [[Medal "For Battle Merit"|"For Battle Merit"]].<ref name="Казей1"/>
In March 1943, Marat is credited with saving the partisan detachment. When Germans attempting to clear the area of partisans surrounded them via a pincer movement near the village of Rumok, it was the scout Kazei who managed to break through the enemy's encirclement and lead another partisan detachment under [[Dmitry Furmanov|D.A. Furmanov]] seven kilometers away to their aid.<ref>{{cite web
|url=http://www.dzerlib.by/pages/GeroiSSSR/Geroi_SSSR/Kazei.html
|title=Казей Марат Иванович
|last=
|first=
|date=
|website=
|publisher=www.dzerlib.by
|access-date=2018-02-21
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180301074704/http://www.dzerlib.by/pages/GeroiSSSR/Geroi_SSSR/Kazei.html
|archive-date=2018-03-01
|quote=}}</ref><ref name="Казей1"/>
== Last Stand ==
Returning from reconnaissance, Marat and the chief of intelligence of the headquarters of the partisan brigade, Mikhail Larin, arrived on horseback early in the morning in the village of Khoromitskie, where they were to meet with Viktor Kukharevich, a messenger of the partisans. Larin went to the messenger, and Marat went to rest at his acquaintances Aksenchiks. Less than half an hour later, the battle began. The village was surrounded by the Nazis from the punitive Sonderkommando of the [[Dirlewanger Brigade|SS Dirlewanger division]] and the policemen. In the shootout, Larin died almost immediately. Marat managed to get to the bush at the edge of the forest. He fought to the last bullet, and then took up his last weapon - two grenades. He threw one at the Germans. The Germans, despite the losses, wanted to take him alive. When the Germans came close, Marat blew himself up with them with a second grenade, when they came very close.<ref>[https://victorymuseum.ru/encyclopedia/heroes/kazey-marat-ivanovich/ ЭНЦИКЛОПЕДИЯ МУЗЕЯ ПОБЕДЫ: Казей Марат Иванович]{{Dead link|date=December 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> There are two versions: according to one version, Marat blew himself up and the Germans approaching him. According to another version, Marat deliberately blew only himself, so as not to give the Nazis a reason for a punitive operation in the village of Khoromitskie.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.aif.ru/society/history/poslednyaya_granata_pioner-partizan_marat_kazey_predpochyol_plenu_smert|title=Последняя граната. Пионер-партизан Марат Казей предпочёл плену смерть|author=Андрей Сидорчик|date=17 March 2014 |publisher=www.aif.ru|accessdate=2018-02-20}}</ref><ref name="Казей1"/>
== Memory ==
* Minsk:
** In 1959, a monument to Marat Kazei (sculptor Selikhanov and architect Volchek) was erected in the Pionersky Park in Minsk, and in 1960 the park itself was named Marat Kazei Square<ref>[https://minsknews.by/zelenyiy-minsk-velikolepie-tsentralnogo-rayona/ ЗЕЛЕНЫЙ МИНСК. Великолепие Центрального района]</ref>
** In the [[Kastrychnitski District]] of Minsk there is a street named after Marat Kazey.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://minsk.gov.by/ru/streets/view/375/ |title=Улица Марата Казея |access-date=2021-04-01 |archive-date=2016-03-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304111728/http://minsk.gov.by/ru/streets/view/375/ |url-status=dead }}</ref>
** The bust of Marat Kazei was installed in the courtyard of the gymnasium number 25 named after Rimma Shershneva (Sedova street, 3).<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.warheroes.ru/hero/hero.asp?id=26518|title=Герой Советского Союза Казей Марат Иванович :: Герои страны|publisher=www.warheroes.ru|accessdate=2018-02-21}}</ref>
* The first monument to Marat was installed at the place of his death, at the edge of the forest. It says: "Here on May 11, 1944, partisans Marat Kazey and Larin were killed."
* The pioneer camp "Marat Kazei", which is located in the village of Gorval ([[Rechytsa District]], [[Gomel Region]]), is named in his honor, and his bust is also installed there.
* In the village of Stankovo (Dzerzhinsky district, Minsk region), a memorial obelisk was installed<ref name="Казей2">{{Cite web|url=http://www.warheroes.ru/hero/hero.asp?id=25200|title=Герой Советского Союза Казей Марат Иванович :: Герои страны|publisher=www.warheroes.ru|accessdate=2018-02-20}}</ref> (opened in October 1958), and a local school was named after him.
* In Dzerzhinsk (Minsk region) on the Alley of Heroes on Dzerzhinsky Square there is a memorial sign.<ref name="Казей2"/>
* A bust of Marat Kazei was installed on the territory of the Lesnaya Skazka children's health camp in the Oreshniki settlement ([[Zavyalovsky District, Udmurtia|Zavyalovsky district]], [[Udmurtia]])<ref>{{Cite news|title=ДОЛ "Лесная сказка". Марат Казей.|url=https://fotki.yandex.ru/next/users/kab-ts/album/119229/view/359119#comments|work=Яндекс.Фотки|accessdate=2018-02-21}}</ref>/
* A bust of Marat Kazei was installed on the territory of the Elektronik children's health camp in the village of [[Snovianka, Chernihiv Oblast|Snovyanka]] ([[Chernihiv Raion]], [[Chernihiv Oblast]], [[Ukraine]].<ref name="Казей2"/>
* In the village of Yagodnoye, near [[Tolyatti]], on the territory of the former pioneer camp «Алые паруса» ("Scarlet Sails"), a monument to Marat Kazei was installed.
* In [[Moscow]], on the territory of the [[Exhibition of Achievements of National Economy]], a bust by the sculptor N. Kongiser is installed at the entrance to Pavilion No. 8.
* Marat Kazey served as a prototype for the character of the Russian-Japanese-Canadian animated fantasy film "[[First Squad]]".
* In [[Simferopol]], on the Alley of Heroes in the Children's Park, a monument to Marat Kazey was installed.
* In 1968 the cargo ship [[Fesco Transport Group|DVMP]] was named in the name of Marat Kazey.
* The writer Vyacheslav Morozov wrote several books about the exploit of Marat Kazey.
* In 2015, the bas-relief of Marat Kazei was installed on the Alley of Pioneer Heroes ([[Ulyanovsk]]).<ref>{{Cite web|language=ru|url=http://pfo.gov.ru/press/events/87436/|title=В Ульяновске открыли Аллею пионеров-героев / Подгот. Репьёв О. М. /|author=|website=Официальный сайт полномочного представителя Президента Российской Федерации в Приволжском федеральном округе|date=|publisher=|accessdate=2020-11-04}}</ref>
== Awards ==
* Medal Gold Star [[Hero of the Soviet Union]] (08.05.1965);
* [[Order of Lenin]] (08.05.1965);
* [[Order of the Patriotic War]] First Class;
* [[Medal "For Courage" (Russia)]]
* [[Medal "For Battle Merit"]].
== Sources ==
* Герои Советского Союза: Краткий биографический словарь / Пред. ред. коллегии И. Н. Шкадов. — М.: Воениздат, 1987. — Т. 1 /Абаев — Любичев/. — 911 с. — 100 000 экз. — ISBN отс., Рег. № в РКП 87-95382
== References ==
{{Reflist}}
==External links==
* [http://www.warheroes.ru/hero/hero.asp?Hero_id=1968 Marat Kazey] on the site www.warheroes.ru.
* [http://molodguard.ru/heroes135.htm ''Борис Костюковский''. "Жизнь как она есть".]
{{authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Kazey, Marat}}
[[Category:Heroes of the Soviet Union]]
[[Category:Soviet military personnel killed in World War II]]
[[Category:Soviet partisans]]
[[Category:Belarusian partisans]]
[[Category:Child soldiers in World War II]]
[[Category:Belarusian people of World War II]]
[[Category:1929 births]]
[[Category:1944 deaths]]
[[Category:People from Dzyarzhynsk District]]
[[Category:Deaths by hand grenade]]