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{{redirect|Berlin-Marzahn|the electoral district|Berlin-Marzahn-Hellersdorf|the concentration camp|Berlin-Marzahn concentration camp|the railway station|Berlin-Marzahn station}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2022}}
{{more citations needed|date=February 2009}}
{{Infobox German location
|name           = Marzahn
|name_local     =
|image_photo    = Marzahn Baerensteinstr08-2015 abandoned retail building.jpg
|image_caption  = Bärensteinstraße: [[plattenbau]] apartment houses and an abandoned former [[Konsum (East Germany)|Konsum]] retail building
|type           = Quarter
|City           = Berlin
|image_coa      = Coat of arms de-be marzahn 1992.png
|coordinates    = {{coord|52|33|00|N|13|33|00|E|format=dms|display=inline,title}}
|state          = Berlin
|district       =
|borough        = Marzahn-Hellersdorf
|divisions      = [[Marzahn#Subdivision|3 zones]]
|elevation      = 112
|area           = 19.5
|pop_ref          = <ref>{{Population Germany|key=11|datref=QUELLE}}</ref>
|population       = {{Population Germany|key=111001}}
|population_as_of = {{Population Germany|key=11|datref=STAND}}
|postal_code    = 12671, 12679, 12681, 12685, 12687, 12689
|area_code      =
|licence        = B
|year           = 1300
|plantext       = Location of Marzahn in Marzahn-Hellersdorf and Berlin
|image_plan     = Berlin Marzahn-Hellersdorf Marzahn.png
|website        =
}}
'''Marzahn''' ({{IPA|de|maʁˈt͡saːn|-|De-Marzahn.ogg}}) is a locality within the [[boroughs and localities of Berlin|borough]] of [[Marzahn-Hellersdorf]] in [[Berlin]]. [[Berlin's 2001 administrative reform]] led to the former boroughs of Marzahn and [[Hellersdorf]] fusing into a single new borough. In the north the Marzahn locality includes the neighbourhoods of ''Bürknersfelde'' and ''Ahrensfelde'', an overbuilt strip of land which once had belonged to the [[Brandenburg]] municipality of [[Ahrensfelde]] and was incorporated into Berlin in 1990.
==Geography==
===Subdivision===
Marzahn is divided into three zones (''Ortslagen''):
*Marzahn-Nord (''Berlin-Ahrensfelde'')
*Marzahn-Mitte
*Marzahn-Süd
==History==
[[File:Sintistein 20100613 Gedenktafel.jpg|thumb|left|Inscription on a plate next to the memorial stone on the Marzahn cemetery: "On a former sewage field North of the cemetery, the Nazis set up a so called "Zigeunerrastplatz" (gypsies' resting place) in advance of the 1936 Olympic Games, on which hundreds of Sinti and Roma were forced to live. Crowded into dark shacks, the inhabitants of the camp survived with difficulty. Hard labour, sickness and hunger claimed their victims. At random people were abducted and arrested. Humiliating "[[racial hygiene]]" examinations spread fear and terror. In the spring of 1943 most of the "detained people" were deported to Auschwitz. Men and women, seniors and children. Only a few survived."]]
The historic village of Marzahn was first mentioned as ''Morczane'' in a 1300 deed by Margrave [[Albert III, Margrave of Brandenburg-Salzwedel|Albert III]] of Brandenburg-Salzwedel, when he granted the estates to the Friedland [[Cistercians|Cistercian]] abbey (in today's [[Neuhardenberg]]). After the [[Thirty Years' War]] it fell to [[Frederick William, Elector of Brandenburg|Elector Frederick William of Brandenburg]]. The new village church was finished in 1871 according to plans by [[Friedrich August Stüler]], another landmark is the Marzahn [[post mill]], rebuilt in 1994. The village became part of [[Greater Berlin Act|Greater Berlin]] in 1920, as a locality of the [[Lichtenberg]] district.
Marzahn was the site of a labour camp (today a [[sewage treatment|water treatment plant]]), where [[Romani people|Romani]] were interned during the [[1936 Summer Olympics]] in Berlin, away from visitors' eyes. As a part of the  Nazi ''[[Porajmos]]'' extermination policy, up to 2000 inmates remained there until 1943, when they were deported to [[Auschwitz concentration camp|Auschwitz-Birkenau]], where most of them were gassed. In 1941 the large factory of the ''Carl Hasse & Wrede'' machine tool company (now [[Knorr-Bremse]]) was erected, where hundreds of [[unfree labour|forced labourers]] were employed. The victims were buried at the nearby ''Parkfriedhof''; a memorial marks the site.
On 21 April 1945, during the opening phase of the [[Battle of Berlin]], the city's eastern district of Marzahn was the first in Berlin to be conquered by the Soviet [[Red Army]] under General [[Nikolai Berzarin]]'s command. A single-storey building (Landsberger Allee 563), apparently the "first freed house", still stands today on ''Landsberger Allee'' as a memorial to the Soviet victory after the battle.
A part of [[East Berlin]] from 1949, Marzahn remained a rural site until 1977 when vast [[housing estate]]s were built on its fields by order of the [[East Germany|East German]] authorities. The construction, carried out in the typical [[plattenbau]] prefabricated-building style, dragged on until the late 1980s. In the course of the considerable population growth Marzahn was separated from Lichtenberg in 1979 to become a borough in its own right and in 1986 the new Hellersdorf district (including [[Berlin-Kaulsdorf|Kaulsdorf]] and [[Mahlsdorf]]) was split from it.
In 1987, Marzahn hosted the ''Berliner Gartenschau'', a [[horticulture]] show, on the occasion of Berlin's 750th anniversary. The area today called ''Erholungspark Marzahn'' includes the ''[[Gärten der Welt]]'' (Gardens of the World) project, showing [[Chinese garden|Chinese]], [[Japanese garden|Japanese]], Balinese, and [[Korean garden|Korean]] [[labyrinth]]s modelled on [[Hampton Court Palace]] and [[Cathedral of Chartres|Chartres Cathedral]], as well as a garden of the [[Italian Renaissance]].
After 1989 (as the Berlin Wall fell and Germany reunified), the Marzahn estate became known for being a place synonymous with [[neo-Nazis]] and their activities and "foreigners were warned not even to visit there",<ref>{{cite news|last=Kulish|first=Nicholas|title=A Dancer Goes Back to Her Past in Berlin|work=The New York Times|date=5 July 2008|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2008/07/05/arts/dance/05aile.html|access-date=14 May 2009}}</ref> despite the area having a significant [[Russia]]n and [[Vietnam]]ese community.
==Public transport==
Marzahn is served by the [[Berlin S-Bahn|S-Bahn]] lines [[S7 (Berlin)|S7]] and [[S75 (Berlin)|S75]] at the stations ''[[Springpfuhl station|Springpfuhl]]'', ''[[Berlin Poelchaustraße station|Poelchaustraße]]'', ''[[Marzahn station|Marzahn]]'', ''[[Raoul-Wallenberg-Straße station|Raoul-Wallenberg-Straße]]'', ''[[Mehrower Allee station|Mehrower Allee]]'' and ''[[Ahrensfelde station|Ahrensfelde]]''. Tramway connections to the inner city are provided by the ''M6'' and ''M8'' lines of the [[Berlin tram|Berlin Straßenbahn]].
==See also==
*[[Berlin-Marzahn concentration camp]]
*[[ORWOhaus]]
==Gallery==
<gallery>
File:Marzahn 08-2015 windmill.jpg|[[Post mill]]
File:Rolf Biebl Brunnen der Generationen.jpg|[[Rolf Biebl]] fountain
File:Unkenpfuhle Marzahn 04.JPG|Unkenpfuhle
</gallery>
==References==
{{Reflist}}
==External links==
{{Commons category-inline|Berlin-Marzahn|Marzahn}}
*{{in lang|de}} [https://web.archive.org/web/20160622012303/http://info-marzahn-hellersdorf.de/ Marzahn page on info-marzahn-hellersdorf.de] (archived on ''22 June 2016'' by ''Web Archive'')
{{Boroughs of Berlin}}
{{Former Boroughs of Berlin}}
{{Authority control}}
[[Category:Populated places established in the 1300s]]
[[Category:Localities of Berlin]]
[[Category:Marzahn-Hellersdorf|*]]<!--ORTSTEIL. MARKED WITH AN ASTERIKS-->
[[Category:Former boroughs of Berlin]]
[[Category:Housing estates in Germany]]