View source for Measles virus encoding the human thyroidal sodium iodide symporter

'''Measles virus encoding the human thyroidal sodium iodide symporter''' or '''MV-NIS''' is an attenuated oncolytic Edmonston (Ed) strain of [[measles virus]].<ref name=DD>{{cite web|title=Drug Dictionary|url=http://compassoncology.com/disease-drug-info/drug-dictionary/O/P40/ |website=Compass Oncology |accessdate=21 August 2014}}</ref><ref name=Russell2014>{{Cite journal
| doi = 10.1016/j.mayocp.2014.04.003
| issn = 0025-6196
| volume = 89
| issue = 7
| pages = 926–933
| last = Russell
| first = Stephen J.
|author2=Mark J. Federspiel |author3=Kah-Whye Peng |author4=Caili Tong |author5=David Dingli |author6=William G. Morice |author7=Val Lowe |author8=Michael K. O'Connor |author9=Robert A. Kyle |author10=Nelson Leung |author11=Francis K. Buadi |author12=S. Vincent Rajkumar |author13=Morie A. Gertz |author14=Martha Q. Lacy |author15=Angela Dispenzieri
| title = Remission of Disseminated Cancer After Systemic Oncolytic Virotherapy
| journal = Mayo Clinic Proceedings
| date = 2014-07-01
| pmid = 24835528 | pmc=4225126
}}</ref><ref name=Russell2004>{{Cite journal
| doi = 10.1182/blood-2003-07-2233
| issn = 0006-4971
| volume = 103
| issue = 5
| pages = 1641–1646
| last = Dingli
| first = David |author2=Kah-Whye Peng |author3=Mary E. Harvey |author4=Philip R. Greipp |author5=Michael K. O'Connor |author6=Roberto Cattaneo |author7=John C. Morris |author8=Stephen J. Russell
| title = Image-guided radiovirotherapy for multiple myeloma using a recombinant measles virus expressing the thyroidal sodium iodide symporter
| journal = Blood
| date = 2004-03-01
| pmid = 14604966
| s2cid = 15264187
}}</ref>
MV-NIS will attach and fuse to host [[tumor]] cell membranes. After fusion, MV-NIS has been observed to kill the tumor cells. Due to the unique properties of iodine uptake in these cells, [[iodine 123]] (I-123) may be used to image MV-NIS-infected tumor cells. Non-invasive imaging provides confirmation of targeted infection and allows for monitoring and visualization of treatment progression.
The human [[CD46]] antigen is known to be the functional cellular receptor for Measles virus.<ref>{{Cite journal
| issn = 0092-8674
| volume = 75
| issue = 2
| pages = 295–305
| last = Dörig
| first = R. E.
|author2=A. Marcil |author3=A. Chopra |author4=C. D. Richardson
| title = The human CD46 molecule is a receptor for measles virus (Edmonston strain)
| journal = Cell
| date = 1993-10-22
| pmid = 8402913
| doi=10.1016/0092-8674(93)80071-l
| s2cid = 11793440
}}</ref> This type 1 integral [[membrane glycoprotein]] is a normal part of human tissue but may be overexpressed on some cancer cell types.<ref name=Russell2014 />
MV-NIS is the first targeted engineered virus therapy to have shown remission in published cancer clinical trials.<ref name=Russell2014 /><ref name=Ross2014>{{cite web|last1=Bonander|first1=Ross|title=Engineered Measles Virus Puts Myeloma Patient Into Remission|url=http://www.lymphomainfo.net/lifestyle/treatment/engineered-measles-virus-puts-myeloma-patient-into-remission|website=Lymphoma Info |accessdate=22 August 2014}}</ref>
==PET/CT Imaging==
A few days after infection, the host animal may be injected with radioiodine which is then selectively captured by infected cells and tumors. Detailed images may then be created showing the location of these infections and the target sites for tumor reduction monitoring.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Russell|first1=Stephen J|title=Oncolytic Virotherapy for Multiple Myeloma Oncolytic Virotherapy for Multiple Myeloma|url=http://myeloma.org/pdfs/0304russell.pdf|website=International Myeloma Foundation|publisher=Mayo Clinic|accessdate=21 August 2014|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140826114017/http://myeloma.org/pdfs/0304russell.pdf|archivedate=26 August 2014}}</ref>
In the mouse model, non-invasive imaging and selective uptake have assisted in evidence for selective prostate cancer treatment.<ref>{{Cite journal
| doi = 10.1038/mt.2009.218
| pmid = 19773744
| pmc = 2810133
| issn = 1525-0016
| volume = 17
| issue = 12
| pages = 2041–2048
| last = Msaouel
| first = Pavlos
|author2=Ianko D. Iankov |author3=Cory Allen |author4=Ileana Aderca |author5=Mark J. Federspiel |author6=Donald J. Tindall |author7=John C. Morris |author8=Michael Koutsilieris |author9=Stephen J. Russell |author10=Evanthia Galanis
| title = Noninvasive Imaging and Radiovirotherapy of Prostate Cancer Using an Oncolytic Measles Virus Expressing the Sodium Iodide Symporter
| journal = Molecular Therapy
| year = 2009
| url = }}</ref>
This imaging technique is an improvement over initial efforts to engineer a Measles virus to carry the soluble marker human carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA). The resultant strain, MV-CEA, could only be monitored by blood test which is not specific to areas of treatment.<ref>{{cite web|title=Update on the measles virus, a novel therapy for glioblastoma|url=http://www.mayoclinic.org/medical-professionals/clinical-updates/neurosciences/update-measles-virus-novel-therapy-glioblastoma |website=Mayo Clinic |accessdate=22 August 2014}}</ref>
==See also==
*[[Virotherapy]]
*[[Oncolytic virus]]
==References==
{{reflist|2}}
==External links==
*[http://www.mayoclinicproceedings.org/article/S0025-6196(14)00332-2/pdf Remission of Disseminated Cancer After Systemic Oncolytic Virotherapy]
*[http://www.cancer.gov/clinicaltrials/search/results?protocolsearchid=13133894 Active clinical trials for MV-NIS, National Cancer Institute]
*[http://www.twiv.tv/2014/08/17/twiv-298/ Disseminated multiple myeloma with oncolytic measles virus] discussion on Columbia University Professor [[Vincent Racaniello]]'s "This week in virology" podcast.
*[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2769566/ Preclinical Pharmacology and Toxicology of Intravenous MV-NIS, an Oncolytic Measles Virus Administered With or Without Cyclophosphamide]
*[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22235810 Oncolytic measles virus encoding thyroidal sodium iodide symporter for squamous cell cancer of the head and neck radiovirotherapy.]
*[http://www.mayo.edu/research/searchpublications/publications?authid=13198360 Publications of Steven J. Russell]
{{DEFAULTSORT:Measles virus encoding the human thyroidal sodium iodide symporter}}
[[Category:Morbilliviruses]]
[[Category:Virotherapy]]