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{{About|the community development block in Jharkhand, India|its namesake census town|Namkum, Ranchi}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2019}}
{{Use Indian English|date=January 2019}}
{{More citations needed|date=September 2021}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name                            = Namkum
| native_name                     =
| native_name_lang                =
| other_name                      =
| nickname                        =
| settlement_type                 = Community development block
| image_skyline                   =
| image_alt                       =
| image_caption                   = JIADA, IIT Ranchi,  [[Software Technology Parks of India|Software and Technology Park of India (STPI)]], Namkum Playground, [[Oyo Rooms]] and Bridge at Namkum
| pushpin_map                     = India Jharkhand#India3
| pushpin_label_position          =
| pushpin_map_alt                 =
| pushpin_map_caption             = Location in Jharkhand, India
| coordinates                     = {{coord|23.35132|N|85.37690|E|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type                = Country
| subdivision_name                = {{flag|India}}
| subdivision_type1               = [[States and territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_name1               = [[Jharkhand]]
| subdivision_type2               = [[List of districts of India|District]]
| subdivision_name2               = Ranchi
| established_title               = <!-- Established -->
| established_date                =
| founder                         =
| named_for                       =
| government_type                 = [[Federalism in India|Federal democracy]]
| governing_body                  =
| unit_pref                       = Metric
| area_footnotes                  =
| area_rank                       =
| area_total_km2                  = 415.61
| elevation_footnotes             =
| elevation_m                     = 629
| population_total                = 145841
| population_as_of                = 2011
| population_rank                 =
| population_density_km2          = auto
| population_demonym              =
| population_footnotes            =
| demographics_type1              = Languages
| demographics1_title1            = Official
| demographics1_info1             = [[Hindi language|Hindi]], [[Urdu language|Urdu]]
| timezone1                       = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1                     = +5:30
| postal_code_type                = [[Postal Index Number|PIN]]
| postal_code                     = 834010
| area_code_type          = Telephone/[[Subscriber trunk dialling|STD]] code
| area_code               = 0651
| registration_plate      = JH
| blank1_name_sec1        = Literacy
| blank1_info_sec1        = 73.72%
| blank2_name_sec1        = [[Lok Sabha]] constituency
| blank2_info_sec1        = [[Ranchi (Lok Sabha constituency)|Ranchi]]
| blank3_name_sec1        = [[Vidhan Sabha]] constituency
| blank3_info_sec1        = [[Khijri (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Khijri]]
| website                 = {{URL|ranchi.nic.in/}}
| footnotes               = {{URL|http://ranchi.nic.in/namkum.htm}}
}}
'''Namkum''' is a [[Community development blocks in India|community development block (CD block)]] forming an administrative division in the [[Ranchi Sadar subdivision]] of [[Ranchi district]] in the state of [[Jharkhand]].
== Geography ==
Namkum is located at 23°21'N 85°22'E.
Namkum CD block is located on the [[Chota Nagpur Plateau#Ranchi Plateau|Ranchi plateau]] proper. It has an average elevation of {{convert|2140|ft}} above mean sea level and the land is undulating.<ref>{{cite web | url =   https://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/DCHB_A/20/2019_PART_A_DCHB_RANCHI.pdf | title = District Census Handbook Ranchi, Series 21 Part XII A, Census of India 2011 | work = Page 9: Administrative Setup, Page 10: Physiography | publisher = Directorate of Census Operations, Jharkhand  | accessdate =  28 August 2021}}</ref>
Namkum CD block is bounded by the [[Kanke block|Kanke]] and [[Angara block|Angara]] CD blocks  on the north, [[Rahe block|Rahe]] CD block on the east, [[Khunti block|Khunti]] CD block in Khunti district on the south, and [[Nagri block]] CD block on the west.<ref>{{cite web | url =  https://www.mapsofindia.com/maps/jharkhand/tehsil/ranchi.html | title = Ranchi CD block/ Tehsil map | publisher = Maps of India  | accessdate =  28 August 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url =  https://www.mapsofindia.com/maps/jharkhand/tehsil/khunti.html | title =  Khunti CD block/ tehsil map | publisher = Maps of India  | accessdate =  28 August 2021}}</ref>
Namkum CD block has an area of 415.61&nbsp;km<sup>2</sup>.<ref name=census2011>{{cite web| url = https://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/2019_PART_B_DCHB_RANCHI.pdf|title = District Census Handbook, Ranchi, Series 21, Part XII B| work= Page 28: District primary census abstract, 2011 census |publisher= Directorate of Census Operations Jharkhand | access-date = 28 August 2021}}</ref>[[Namkum, Ranchi#Police station|Namkum]] police station serves Namkum CD block.<ref>{{cite web| url =  https://jhpolice.gov.in/ranchi| title= District Police Profile - Ranchi  |publisher= Jharkhand Police| access-date = 28 August 2021}}</ref> The headquarters of Namkum CD block is located at [[Namkum, Ranchi|Namkum]] town.<ref>{{cite web| url = https://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/DCHB_A/20/2019_PART_A_DCHB_RANCHI.pdf|title = District Census Handbook, Ranchi, Series 21, Part XII A| work= Map of Ranchi district on the third page |publisher= Directorate of Census Operations Jharkhand | access-date = 28 August 2021}}</ref>
== Demographics ==
===Population===
According to the [[2011 Census of India]], Namkum CD block had a total population of 145,841, of which 118,002 were rural and 27,839 were urban. There were 74,142 (51%) males and 71,699 (49%) females. Population in the age range 0–6 years was 20,814. [[Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes|Scheduled Castes]] numbered 7,496 (5.14%) and [[Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes|Scheduled Tribes]] numbered 87,472 (59.98%).<ref name=census2011/>
{{As of|2001}} India census, Namkum has a population of 1,14,397 with 58,968 males and 55,429 females 48.7%. Namkum has an average literacy rate of 61.10%(census 2001): male literacy is 74.6%, and female literacy is 46.6%. In Namkum, SC Population is 5753 (2984 males and 2769 females) and the ST population is 72276 (36680 males and 35596 females). The population below 7 years of age is 19403 (9867 males and 8757 females).
The percentage of Scheduled Tribes in Ranchi district, in 2011, was 47.67% of the population (rural) in the blocks.<ref>{{cite web| url = https://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/DCHB_A/20/2019_PART_A_DCHB_RANCHI.pdf|title = District Census Handbook, Ranchi, Series 21, Part XII A| work= Page 56, Table 14: Number and percentage of scheduled castes and scheduled tribes (rural) population in CD Blocks, 2011 |publisher= Directorate of Census Operations Jharkhand | access-date = 28 August 2021}}</ref> The percentage of Scheduled Tribes, numbering 1,042,016, in the total population of Ranchi district numbering 2,914,253 in 2011, was 35.76%. The [[Kurukh people|Oraons]] forming 18.20% of the population and the [[Munda people|Mundas]] forming 10.30% of the population, were the main tribes. Other tribes included (percentage of population in brackets) Lohra (2.46), Bedia (1.32) and [[Mahli tribe|Mahli]] (1.09).<ref>{{cite web| url = https://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/DCHB_A/20/2019_PART_A_DCHB_RANCHI.pdf|title = District Census Handbook, Ranchi, Series 21, Part XII A| work= Pages 39-40: Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes of Cenus 2011 |publisher= Directorate of Census Operations Jharkhand | access-date = 28 August 2021}}</ref>
[[Census towns]] in Namkum CD block are as follows (2011 population figure in brackets): [[Tati, Ranchi|Tati]] (12,878), [[Ara, Ranchi|Ara]] (6,346) and [[Bargarwa]] (8,615).<ref name=census2011/>
Large villages (with 4,000+ population) in Namkum CD block are (2011 census figures in brackets): Khijri (5,936) and Ulatu (7,812).<ref>{{cite web | url =  https://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/2019_PART_B_DCHB_RANCHI.pdf | title = District  Census Handbook, Ranchi, Series 21, Part XII B | work = Page 214, 220| publisher = Directorate of Census Operations, Jharkhand  | accessdate =  28 August 2021}}</ref>
===Literacy===
{{As of|2011}} census, the total number of literate persons in Namkum CD block was 92,166 (73.72% of the population over 6 years) out of which males numbered 52,751 (82.88% of the male population over 6 years) and females numbered 39,415 (64.22% of the female population over 6 years). The [[Literacy#Gender disparities|gender disparity]] (the difference between female and male literacy rates) was 18.66%.<ref name=census2011/>
{{As of|2011}} census, literacy in Ranchi district was 77.13%. Literacy in Jharkhand was 67.63% in 2011.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011-prov-results/prov_data_products_jharkhand.html | title= Provisional Population Totals Paper 1 of 2011: Jharkhand |work= Sr. No. 5, Sheet 2  |publisher= Registrar General and Census Commissioner, Government of India  | access-date =  28 August 2021}}</ref> Literacy in India in 2011 was 74.04%.<ref name="censusindia.gov.in">{{cite web|url=http://censusindia.gov.in/2011-prov-results/data_files/india/Final_PPT_2011_chapter6.pdf |title=Ranking of states and union territories by literacy rate: 2011|work= Page 110| publisher=Government of India| access-date = 28 August 2021}}</ref>
See also – [[List of Jharkhand districts ranked by literacy rate]]
{{Literacy in CD Blocks of Ranchi district|collapsible=y}}
===Language and religion===
{{bar box
|title=Religions in Namkum CD block (2011)<ref name="Religion">{{cite web |title=Table C-01 Population By Religion - Jharkhand|url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/11377/download/14490/DDW20C-01%20MDDS.XLS|website=census.gov.in|publisher=[[Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India]]}}</ref>
|titlebar=#Fcd116
|left1=Religion
|right1=Percent
|float=left
|bars=
{{bar percent|[[Hinduism]]|darkorange|41.27}}
{{bar percent|Others*|maroon|36.57}}
{{bar percent|[[Christianity in Jharkhand|Christianity]]|dodgerblue|18.34}}
{{bar percent|[[Islam]]|green|3.32}}
{{bar percent|Other or not stated|black|0.50}}
|caption=<small>*mainly tribal religions like [[Sarnaism|Sarna]]</small>
}}
[[Hindi]] is the official language in Jharkhand and [[Urdu]] has been declared as an additional official language.<ref name="langoff">{{cite web|url=http://nclm.nic.in/shared/linkimages/NCLM50thReport.pdf |title=Report of the Commissioner for linguistic minorities: 50th report (July 2012 to June 2013) |pages= 35 |publisher=Commissioner for Linguistic Minorities, Ministry of Minority Affairs, Government of India |access-date=28 August 2021 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160708012438/http://nclm.nic.in/shared/linkimages/NCLM50thReport.pdf |archive-date= 8 July 2016 }}</ref>
{{ Pie chart
|caption = Languages in Namkum CD block (2011)<ref name="language">{{Cite web |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/10207/download/13319/DDW-C16-STMT-MDDS-2000.XLSX|title=Table C-16 Population by Mother Tongue: Jharkhand|website=censusindia.gov.in|publisher=[[Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India]]}}</ref>
|label1 = [[Sadri language|Sadri]] |value1 = 53.72 |color1 = burlywood
|label2 = [[Hindi]] |value2 = 17.52 |color2 = orange
|label3 = [[Mundari language|Mundari]] |value3 = 16.33 |color3 = teal
|label4 = [[Bhojpuri language|Bhojpuri]] |value4 = 3.93 |color4 = gold
|label5 = [[Kurukh language|Kurukh]] |value5 = 1.95 |color5 = mediumseagreen
|label6 = [[Magahi language|Magahi]] |value6 = 1.74 |color6 = crimson
|label7 = [[Urdu]] |value7 = 1.09 |color7 = green
|label8 = [[Bengali language|Bengali]] |value8 = 1.08 |color8 = orchid
|label9 = Others |value9 = 2.64 |color9 = grey
}}
==Economy==
===Livelihood===
{{Pie chart
|caption= '''Livelihood<br/>in Namkum CD block'''
|value1 = 27.89
|label1 = Cultivators
|value2 = 20.13
|label2 = Agricultural labourers
|value3 = 5.02
|label3 = Household industries
|value4 = 46.96
|label4 = Other Workers}}
In Namkum CD block in 2011, amongst the class of total workers, cultivators numbered 17,588 and formed 27.89%, agricultural labourers numbered 12,694 and formed 20.13%, household industry workers numbered 3,166 and formed 5.02% and other workers numbered 29,614 and formed 46.96%. Total workers numbered 63,062 and formed 43.24% of the total population, and non-workers numbered 82,779 and formed 56.76% of the population.<ref>{{cite web  | url = https://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/DCHB_A/20/2019_PART_A_DCHB_RANCHI.pdf | title = District Census Handbook 2011 Ranchi, Series 21, Part XII A| work =  Tables 30 and 33, pages 67 and 71 | publisher = Directorate of Census Operations, Jharkhand | access-date = 1 September 2021}}</ref>
===Infrastructure===
There are 92 inhabited villages in Namkum CD block. In 2011, 5 villages had power supply. 4 villages had tap water (treated/ untreated), 92 villages had well water (covered/ uncovered), 91 villages had hand pumps, and all villages have drinking water facility. 10 villages had post offices, 4 villages had sub post offices, 7 villages had telephones (land lines), 59 villages had mobile phone coverage. 80 villages had pucca (paved) village roads, 6 villages had bus service (public/ private), 15 villages had [[Auto rickshaw|autos]]/ modified autos, 14 villages had taxi/vans, 55 villages had tractors. 5 villages had bank branches, 3 villages had agricultural credit societies, 1 village had [[public distribution system]], 84 villages had [[Vidhan Sabha|assembly]] [[Polling place|polling stations]].<ref>{{cite web | url = https://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/DCHB_A/20/2019_PART_A_DCHB_RANCHI.pdf | title = District Census Handbook, Ranchi, 2011, Series 21, Part XII A | work = Pages 595-598, Appendix I: Village Directory  | publisher =  Directorate of Census Operations, Jharkhand. | access-date = 2 September 2021}}</ref>
===Agriculture===
In Ranchi district, 23% of the total area is covered with forests. "With the gradual deforestation of the district, more and more land is being brought under cultivation." Terraced low lands are called ''don'' and the uplands are called ''tanr''. The hill streams remain almost dry, except in the rainy season, and does not offer much scope for irrigation.<ref>{{cite web | url = https://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/DCHB_A/20/2019_PART_A_DCHB_RANCHI.pdf | title = District Census Handbook, Ranchi, 2011, Series 21, Part XII A | work = Page 11:Forestry and Flora and Fauna, Page12: Soil and Cropping, Land and Land use pattern, tenancy and agriculture, Page 13: Irrigation   | publisher =  Directorate of Census Operations, Jharkhand. | access-date = 2 September 2021}}</ref>
In Namkum CD block, 55.06% of the total area was cultivable, in 2011. Out of this, 19.76% was irrigated land.<ref>{{cite web | url = https://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/DCHB_A/20/2019_PART_A_DCHB_RANCHI.pdf | title = District Census Handbook, Ranchi, 2011, Series 21, Part XII A | work = Page 84, Table 41: Distribution of villages according to land use  | publisher =  Directorate of Census Operations, Jharkhand. | access-date = 2 September 2021}}</ref>
===Backward Regions Grant Fund===
Ranchi district is listed as a backward region and receives financial support from the [[Backward Regions Grant Fund]]. The fund, created by the Government of India, is designed to redress regional imbalances in development. As of 2012, 272 districts across the country were listed under this scheme. The list includes 21 districts of Jharkhand.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.panchayat.gov.in/documents/10198/0/BRGFFINALGUIDELINES.pdf | title = Backward Regions Grant Funds: Programme Guidelines | publisher = Ministry of Panchayati Raj, Government of India | access-date = 3 September 2021 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20171030225317/http://www.panchayat.gov.in/documents/10198/0/BRGFFINALGUIDELINES.pdf | archive-date = 30 October 2017 | url-status = dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web| url = http://pib.nic.in/newsite/PrintRelease.aspx?relid=84879 | title= Backward Regions Grant Fund| work= Press Release, 14 June 2012  |publisher= Press Information  Bureau, Government of India | access-date = 3 September 2021}}</ref>
==Education==
Namkum CD block had 11 villages with pre-primary schools, 77 villages with primary schools, 35 villages with middle schools, 11 villages with secondary schools, 4 villages with senior secondary schools, 1 village with engineering college, 2 villages with polytechnics, 2 vocational training centres/ ITIs, 20 villages with non-formal education centres, 9 villages with no educational facility.<ref name=directory>{{cite web| url =https://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/DCHB_A/20/2019_PART_A_DCHB_RANCHI.pdf  | title= District Census Handbook Ranchi, 2011, Series 21, Part XII A | work= Pages 595-596 |publisher= Directorate of Census Operations, Jharkhand| access-date = 3 September 2021}}</ref>
<br/><small>.*Senior secondary schools are also known as Inter colleges in Jharkhand</small>
===Colleges===
* Chotanagpur Law College
* ICAR RCER Research centre Plandu.
* [[Indian Institute of Natural Resins and Gums]]
* Kejriwal Institute of Management and Development Studies
* Xavier Institute of Polytechnic and Technology
==Healthcare==
Namkum CD block had 1 village with [[Primary Health Centre (India)|primary health centre]], 19 villages with primary health subcentres, 3 villages with maternity and child welfare centres, 3 villages with allopathic hospitals, 1 village with veterinary hospital, 2 villages with family welfare centres, 31 villages with medicine shops.<ref name=directory/>
<br/><small>.*Private medical practitioners, alternative medicine etc. not included</small>
==Rural poverty==
60-70% of the population of Ranchi district were in the [[Below Poverty Line|BPL]] category in 2004–2005.<ref>{{cite web | url = https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/45258/1/MPRA_paper_45258.pdf  | title =  Rural Poverty in Jharkhand, India| work = Table I: Spatial Distribution of Poverty in Jharkhand | publisher =  Munich Personal RePEc Archive | access-date =  1 September 2021}}</ref> In 2011-12, the proportion of BPL population in Ranchi district came down to 27.82%.<ref>{{cite web | url =  https://www.livemint.com/Specials/bqVly6xj4usB3DiTibS3DK/Spatial-poverty-in-Jharkhand.html | title = Spatial poverty in Jharkhand  | publisher = Mint  | accessdate =  1 September 2021}}</ref> According to a study in 2013 (modified in 2019), "the incidence of poverty in Jharkhand is estimated at 46%, but 60% of the scheduled castes and scheduled tribes are still below poverty line."<ref>{{cite web | url = https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/45258/#:~:text=The%20incidence%20of%20poverty%20in%20Jharkhand%20is%20estimated,are%20main%20causes%20for%20poverty%20in%20Jharkhand%20state.  | title =  Rural Poverty in Jharkhand, India: An Empirical Study based on Panel Data  | publisher = MPRA  | accessdate =  1 September 2021}}</ref>
==Transport==
{{Infobox rail line
| box_width                       = 28em
| name                            = Hatia-Rourkela line
| color                           =
| logo                            =
| logo_width                      =
| image                           =
| image_width                     =
| caption                         =
| type                            =
| system                          =
| status                          =
| locale                          =
| start                           =
| end                             =
| stations                        =
| routes                          =
| daily_ridership                 =
| open                            =
| close                           =
| owner                           =
| operator                        =
| character                       =
| depot                           =
| stock                           =
| linelength                      =
| tracklength                     =
| tracks                          =
| gauge                           =
| old_gauge                       =
| minradius                       =
| racksystem                      =
| electrification                 =
| speed                           =
| elevation                       =
| website                         =
| map                             = {{Hatia-Rourkela line|inline=1}}
| map_state                       = collapsed
}}
{{Gomoh–Barkakana line|collapse=y}}
{{Koderma–Hazaribagh–Barkakana line|collapse=y}}
[[Namkon railway station]] and [[Tatisilwai railway station]] are on the [[Netaji S.C.Bose Gomoh–Hatia line]].<ref>{{cite web | url =  https://indiarailinfo.com/train/timetable/ranchi-dhanbad-passenger-53336/8165/383/378 | title= 5336 Ranchi-Dhanbad Passenger| work = Time Table | publisher = Indiarailinfo  | access-date =  11 September 2021}}</ref>
[[Tatisilwai railway station]] is on the [[Koderma–Hazaribagh–Barkakana–Ranchi line]]. The Barkakana-Koderma sector is in operation and, as of 2021, the Ranchi-Barkakana sector is partially operable and is nearing completion.<ref>{{cite web | url = https://actiworld.com/2021/05/19/barakkana-ranchi-railway-line-project-to-be-completed-soon-trains-to-pass-through-litigation-and-tunnels/  | title =  Barakkana-Ranchi railway line: project to be completed soon, trains to pass through litigation and tunnels| publisher =   Actiworld | access-date =  11 September 2021}}</ref>
Balasiring railway station on the [[Hatia-Rourkela line]] is located at Pindarkon. It is 7&nbsp;km from [[Hatia]].<ref>{{cite web | url = https://indiarailinfo.com/station/blog/balasiring-blrg/5935?&tt=99 | title = BLRG Balasiring | publisher = IndiaRailInfo    | access-date =  20 September 2021}}</ref>
== See also ==
*[[History of Ranchi district]]
*[[Ranchi]]
*[[Neighbourhoods of Ranchi|List of Neighbourhoods of Ranchi]]
== References ==
{{Reflist}}
{{Blocks of Ranchi district}}
{{South Chotanagpur Division topics}}
[[Category:Community development blocks in Ranchi district]]