View source for Ninox

{{Short description|Genus of birds}}
{{Automatic taxobox
| image = MoreporkMaunga.jpg
| image_caption = [[Morepork]]<br/>(''Ninox novaeseelandiae'')
| taxon = Ninox
| authority = [[Brian Houghton Hodgson|Hodgson]], 1837
| type_species=''[[Brown boobook|Ninox nipalensis]]''<ref name=HM4>{{cite web |url= https://www.aviansystematics.org/4th-edition-checklist?viewfamilies=72 |title= Strigidae |author=<!--Not stated--> |date= |website= aviansystematics.org |publisher= The Trust for Avian Systematics |access-date= 2023-07-26}}</ref> = ''Strix lugubris''
| type_species_authority = [[Samuel Tickell|Tickell]] 1833
}}
'''''Ninox''''' is a [[genus]] of [[true owl]]s comprising 36 species found in [[Asia]] and [[Australasia]]. Many species are known as '''hawk-owls''' or '''boobooks''', but the [[northern hawk-owl]] (''Surnia ulula'') is not a member of this genus.
==Taxonomy==
The genus was introduced by English naturalist [[Brian Houghton Hodgson]] in 1837 with the [[type species]] as ''Ninox nipalensis'', a [[junior synonym]] of ''Strix lugubris'' [[Samuel Tickell|Tickell]] 1833. ''Strix lugubris'' is now considered a [[subspecies]] of the [[brown boobook]] (''Ninox scutula lugubris'').<ref>{{ cite journal | last=Hodgson  | first=Brian Houghton | year=1837 | title=Indication of a new genus belonging to the Strigine family, with description of the new species and type | journal=Madras Journal of Literature and Science | volume=5 | pages=23–25 | url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/46442146 }}</ref><ref>{{ cite book | editor-last1=Dickinson | editor-first1=E.C. | editor1-link=Edward C. Dickinson | editor-last2=Remsen | editor-first2=J.V. Jr. | editor2-link=James Van Remsen Jr. | year=2013 | title=The Howard & Moore Complete Checklist of the Birds of the World | volume= 1: Non-passerines | edition=4th | place=Eastbourne, UK | publisher=Aves Press | isbn=978-0-9568611-0-8 | page=258 }}</ref>
[[File:NinoxFuscaSquamipilaKeulemans.jpg|thumb|right|240px|'''Seram boobook''' (''N. squamipila'') (left); '''Timor boobook''' (''N. fusca'') (right)]]
==Species==
The genus contains 37 species:<ref name=ioc>{{cite web| editor1-last=Gill | editor1-first=Frank | editor1-link=Frank Gill (ornithologist) | editor2-last=Donsker | editor2-first=David | editor3-last=Rasmussen | editor3-first=Pamela | editor3-link=Pamela Rasmussen | date=January 2021 | title=Owls | work=IOC World Bird List Version 11.1 | url=https://www.worldbirdnames.org/bow/owls/ | publisher=International Ornithologists' Union | access-date=20 May 2021 }}</ref>
*† [[Laughing owl]], ''Ninox albifacies'' (extinct)
* [[Rufous owl]], ''Ninox rufa''
* [[Powerful owl]], ''Ninox strenua''
* [[Barking owl]], ''Ninox connivens''
* [[Sumba boobook]], ''Ninox rudolfi''
* [[Australian boobook]], ''Ninox boobook''
* [[Rote boobook]] ''Ninox rotiensis''
* [[Timor boobook]] ''Ninox fusca''
* [[Alor boobook]], ''Ninox plesseni''
* [[Tasmanian boobook]], ''Ninox leucopsis''
* [[Morepork]], ''Ninox novaeseelandiae''
* [[Northern boobook]], ''Ninox japonica''
* [[Brown boobook]], ''Ninox scutulata''
* [[Hume's boobook]], ''Ninox obscura''
* [[Chocolate boobook]], ''Ninox randi''
* [[Andaman boobook]], ''Ninox affinis''
* [[Philippine hawk-owl]] group
** [[Luzon boobook]], ''Ninox philippensis''
** [[Mindanao boobook]], ''Ninox spilocephala''
** [[Camiguin boobook]], ''Ninox leventisi''
** [[Sulu boobook]], ''Ninox reyi''
** [[Cebu boobook]], ''Ninox rumseyi''
** [[Romblon boobook]], ''Ninox spilonotus''
** [[Mindoro boobook]], ''Ninox mindorensis''
* [[Least boobook]], ''Ninox sumbaensis''
* [[Togian boobook]], ''Ninox burhani''
* [[Ochre-bellied boobook]], ''Ninox ochracea''
* [[Cinnabar boobook]], ''Ninox ios''
* [[Moluccan boobook]] group
** [[Halmahera boobook]], ''Ninox hypogramma''
** [[Buru boobook]], ''Ninox hantu''
** [[Seram boobook]], ''Ninox squamipila''
** [[Tanimbar boobook]], ''Ninox forbesi''
* [[Christmas boobook]], ''Ninox natalis''
* [[Manus boobook]], ''Ninox meeki''
* [[Papuan boobook]], ''Ninox theomacha''
* [[Speckled boobook]], ''Ninox punctulata''
* [[New Britain boobook]], ''Ninox odiosa''
* [[New Ireland boobook]], ''Ninox variegata''
Genomic studies of the extinct [[laughing owl]] of [[New Zealand]] indicate that it actually belongs in ''Ninox'' rather than the [[Monotypic taxon|monotypic]] genus ''Sceloglaux''.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Wood|first1=Jamie R.|last2=Mitchell|first2=Kieren J.|last3=Scofield|first3=R. Paul|last4=Pietri|first4=Vanesa L. De|last5=Rawlence|first5=Nicolas J.|last6=Cooper|first6=Alan|title=Phylogenetic relationships and terrestrial adaptations of the extinct laughing owl, Sceloglaux albifacies (Aves: Strigidae)|journal=Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society|language=en|doi=10.1111/zoj.12483|issn=1096-3642|year=2016}}</ref> The [[fossil]] owls ''"Otus" wintershofensis'' and ''"Strix" brevis'', both from the Early or Middle [[Miocene]] of Wintershof, Germany, are close to this genus; the latter was sometimes explicitly placed in ''Ninox'' (Olson 1985), but is now in ''[[Intutula]]''. ''"Strix" edwardsi'' from the Late Miocene of La Grive St. Alban, France, might also belong into this group.{{Citation needed|date=February 2007}}
== In human culture ==
*"NINOX" is an Australian Army project to develop [[night-vision goggles]]; it is named after ''Ninox strenua.''
==References==
{{Reflist}}
*Olson, Storrs L. (1985): IX.C. Strigiformes. ''In:'' Farner, D.S.; King, J.R. & Parkes, Kenneth C. (eds.): ''Avian Biology'' '''8''': 129–132. Academic Press, New York.
==Further reading==
*{{cite journal | last1=Gwee | first1= CC.Y. | last2=Christidis | first2= L. | last3=Eaton| first3= J.A. | last4=Norman | first4=J.A.| last5=Trainor| first5= C.R.| last6=Verbelen | first6= P. | last7=Rheindt | first7= F.E. | year= 2017  | title=Bioacoustic and multi-locus DNA data of ''Ninox'' owls support high incidence of extinction and recolonisation on small, low-lying islands across Wallacea  | journal=Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution | volume=109 | pages=246–58 | doi=10.1016/j.ympev.2016.12.024 | pmid= 28017857 | bibcode= 2017MolPE.109..246G }}
{{Strigiformes|S.|state=collapsed}}
{{Taxonbar|from=Q913555}}
{{Authority control}}
[[Category:Ninox| ]]
[[Category:Bird genera]]
[[Category:Taxa named by Brian Houghton Hodgson]]
{{Strigiformes-stub}}