View source for Nong Bua Lamphu province

{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2022}}
{{Short description|Province of Thailand}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name               = Nong Bua Lamphu
| native_name        = หนองบัวลำภู
| native_name_lang   = th
| settlement_type    = [[Provinces of Thailand|Province]]
| image_skyline      = {{Photomontage|position=center
| photo1a =Erawan Caves Nongbualamphu Thailand.jpg
| photo1b = Leaving Suwan North bound - panoramio.jpg
| photo2a =พระเจดีย์ (พระธาตุ) วัดพระธาตุหาญเทาว์ จังหวัดหนองบัวลำภู 05.jpg
| photo2b = วังบัวบาน@หนองบัวลำภู - panoramio.jpg
| photo3a = วัดถ่ำกลองเพล.jpg
| photo3b =
| size = 270
| spacing = 1
| color = white
| border = 0
}}
| image_alt          =
| image_caption      = (Clockwise from top left) Erawan Caves, Nong Bua Lamphu rural road, {{ill|Wat That Han Thao|th|วัดธาตุหาญเทาว์|lt=Wat That Han Thao}}, Bua Ban Forest Park, {{ill|Wat Tham Klong Phle|th|วัดถ้ำกลองเพล|lt=Wat Tham Klong Phle}}
| nickname           =
| image_flag         = Nong Bua Lam Phu Flag.png
| motto              = ศาลสมเด็จพระนเรศวรมหาราช อุทยานแห่งชาติภูเก้า ภูพานคำ แผ่นดินธรรมหลวงปู่ขาว เด่นสกาวถ้ำเอราวัณ นครเขื่อนขันธ์กาบแก้วบัวบาน <br> ("Shrine of King Naresuan the Great. Phu Kao National Park. Phu Phan Kham. Land of Dharma and Luang Pu Khao. Famed Erawan cave. Nakhon Khuean Khan Kab Kaew Bua Ban.")
| image_seal         = Seal Nong Bua Lamphu.png
| image_map          = Thailand Nongbua Lamphu locator map.svg
| mapsize            = frameless
| map_alt            =
| map_caption        = Map of Thailand highlighting Nong Bua Lam Phu province
| latd               =
| latm               =
| lats               =
| longd              =
| longm              =
| longs              =
| coordinates_type   =
| coordinates_footnotes =
| subdivision_type   = [[List of sovereign states|Country]]
| subdivision_name   = Thailand
| seat_type          = Capital
| seat               = [[Nong Bua Lam Phu]]
| leader_party       =
| leader_title       = Governor
| leader_name        =Vacant
| area_footnotes     = <ref name="RFD">{{cite web |url=https://www.forest.go.th |title=ตารางที่ 2 พี้นที่ป่าไม้ แยกรายจังหวัด พ.ศ.2562 |year=2019 |department=Royal Forest Department |language=Thai |trans-title=Table 2 Forest area Separate province year 2019 |access-date=6 April 2021 |postscript=, information, Forest statistics Year 2019, Thailand boundary from Department of Provincial Administration in 2013}}</ref>
| area_total_km2     = 4,099
| area_rank          = [[Provinces of Thailand|Ranked 54th]]
| area_water_km2     =
| elevation_footnotes =
| elevation_m        =
| population_footnotes = <ref name="TDD">{{cite web |url=http://stat.bora.dopa.go.th/stat/statnew/statTDD/ |website=stat.bora.dopa.go.th |language=th |script-title=th:รายงานสถิติจำนวนประชากรและบ้านประจำปี พ.ส.2562 |trans-title=Statistics, population and house statistics for the year 2019 |date=31 December 2019 |department=Registration Office Department of the Interior, Ministry of the Interior |access-date=26 February 2020}}</ref>
| population_total   = 512,780
| population_as_of   = 2019
| population_rank    = [[Provinces of Thailand|Ranked 53rd]]
| population_density_km2 = 125
| population_density_rank = [[Provinces of Thailand|Ranked 37th]]
| population_demonym =
| population_note    =
| demographics_type2 = GDP
| demographics2_footnotes = <ref name="NESDB-2017">{{cite journal|title=''Gross Regional and Provincial Product, 2019 Edition''|journal=<> |date=July 2019|url=https://www.nesdc.go.th/ewt_dl_link.php?nid=5628&filename=gross_regional|access-date=22 January 2020|publisher=Office of the National Economic and Social Development Council (NESDC)|language=en|issn=1686-0799}}</ref>
| demographics2_title1 = Total
| demographics2_info1 = [[baht]] 25 billion<br />([[US$]]0.9 billion) (2019)
| demographics_type1 = Human Achievement Index
| demographics1_footnotes = <ref name="HAI 2565">{{cite web |url=https://www.nesdc.go.th/main.php?filename=Social_HAI |department=Office of the National Economic and Social Development Council (NESDC)|title=ข้อมูลสถิติดัชนีความก้าวหน้าของคน ปี 2565 (PDF) |language=thai |trans-title=Human Achievement Index Databook year 2022 (PDF) |access-date=12 March 2024 |postscript= , page 84}}</ref>
| demographics1_title1 = HAI (2022)
| demographics1_info1 = 0.6098&nbsp;"low"<br/>[[#Human achievement index 2022|Ranked 75th]]
| timezone1          = [[Time in Thailand|ICT]]
| utc_offset1        = +7
| postal_code_type   = [[List of postal codes in Thailand|Postal code]]
| postal_code        = 39xxx
| area_code_type     = [[Telephone numbers in Thailand|Calling code]]
| area_code          = 042
| iso_code           = [[ISO 3166-2:TH|TH-39]]
| website            = {{URL|http://www.nongbualamphu.go.th}}{{dead-link|date=October 2022}}
| footnotes          =
}}
'''Nong Bua Lamphu''' ({{langx|th|หนองบัวลำภู}}, {{RTGS|''Nong Bua Lam Phu''}}, {{IPA|th|nɔ̌ːŋ būa lām pʰūː|pron}}; {{langx|tts|หนองบัวลำภู}}, {{IPA|tts|nɔ̌ːŋ būa la᷇m pʰu᷇ː|pron}}) is one of Thailand's seventy-six [[Provinces of Thailand|provinces]] (''changwat''). It lies in [[Isan#Administrative divisions|upper northeastern Thailand]], a region also known as [[Isan]]. Neighbouring provinces are (clockwise from North) [[Udon Thani province|Udon Thani]], [[Khon Kaen province|Khon Kaen]], and [[Loei province|Loei]]. Nong Bua Lamphu is one of the eight quadruply-landlocked Thai provinces, as its neighboring provinces are triply-landlocked.
==Geography==
Nong Bua Lamphu is in the heart of the [[Khorat Plateau]]. The total forest area is {{convert|480|km2|abbr=on}}, or 11.7 percent of the area of the province.<ref name="RFD"/>
===National parks===
There is one national park and one national park (preparation), along with five other national parks, make up [[Protected Areas Regional Offices of Thailand|region 10 (Udon Thani)]] of Thailand's protected areas.
* [[Phu Kao–Phu Phan Kham National Park]], {{convert|318|km2|abbr=on}}<ref name="AREA NP">
{{cite web |url=https://catalog.dnp.go.th/dataset/areaofnp/resource/3b372140-f2bf-4811-8819-bb8a8b1a100a |title=ข้อมูลพื้นที่อุทยานแห่งชาติ ที่ประกาศในราชกิจจานุบกษา 133 แห่ง |date=December 2020 |department=Department of National Parks, Wildlife and Plant Conservation |language=Thai | trans-title=National Park Area Information published in the 133 Government Gazettes |access-date=1 November 2022}}</ref>{{rp|50}}
* [[Phu Hin Chom That–Phu Phra Bat National Park]], {{convert|177|km2|abbr=on}}<ref name="AREA PREPARE">
{{cite web |url=https://catalog.dnp.go.th/dataset/areaofnp/resource/4e6d4cb8-1ed1-4e1b-b5fe-8c992c728a40 |title=ข้อมูลพื้นที่อุทยานแห่งชาติ (เตรียมการ) 22 แห่ง |date=December 2020 |department=Department of National Parks, Wildlife and Plant Conservation |language=Thai | trans-title=Information of 22 National Parks Areas (Preparation) |access-date=1 November 2022}}</ref>{{rp|20}}
== Paleontological remains ==
''[[Chalawan (reptile)|Chalawan]]'', an [[extinct]] [[genus]] of crocodylin, is known solely from its [[holotype]] collected in the early-1980s from a road-cut near the town of [[Nong Bua Lam Phu]], in the upper part of the [[Phu Kradung Formation]]. This single specimen is the most well preserved vertebrate fossil that has been found from the formation. It contains a single species, ''Chalawan thailandicus''.<ref name=Chalawan>{{Cite journal | last1 = Martin | first1 = J. E. | last2 = Lauprasert | first2 = K. | last3 = Buffetaut | first3 = E. | last4 = Liard | first4 = R. | last5 = Suteethorn | first5 = V. | editor1-last = Angielczyk | editor1-first = Kenneth | title = A large pholidosaurid in the Phu Kradung Formation of north-eastern Thailand | doi = 10.1111/pala.12086 | journal = Palaeontology | pages =  757–769| year = 2013 | volume=57| issue = 4 | s2cid = 128482290 | doi-access = free }}</ref>
==History==
{{moresources|section|date=August 2022}}
Nong Bua Lam Phu is noted for it being the area where in the 16th century, [[Naresuan]], the king-liberator of [[Siam]], came to learn of the outcome of a war between the [[Lao people|Lao]] and [[Bamar|Burmese]] in the area of [[Vientiane]]. This place was formerly a Lao [[stronghold]] and named "Nakhon Khuean Khan Kab Kaew Bua Ban" ({{Langx|th|นครเขื่อนขันธ์กาบแก้วบัวบาน}}). During the existence of the Lao Kingdom of [[Lan Xang]] (1354–1707), Nong Bua Lam Phu was traditionally given to the crown prince ([[Uparat]]) to rule. It was the birthplace of the principal wife of [[Ong Boun]] ({{lang|th|พระเจ้าศิริบุญสาร}}), the last independent king of Vientiane.<ref name=Paths>{{cite book |author=  Mayurī Ngaosīvat |author2=Pheuiphanh Ngaosyvathn |title= Paths to conflagration: fifty years of diplomacy and warfare in Laos, Thailand, and Vietnam, 1778-1828|url=http://www.muanglao.1colony.com/index.html|publisher=[[Cornell University Southeast Asia Program]]|location= Cornell University|isbn= 0877277230|no-pp= <!-- hides automatic 'p' or 'pp'.  or {{rp|p.n}} or  -->|chapter= I. The Fabric of History. 1. Lao And Thai Contemporaries Of The Drama Speak Out|year=1998 |chapter-url=http://www.muanglao.1colony.com/about.html|quote=Born to Siribunyasan (r. 1760–1779), the last independent king of Vientiane, and a princess from the principality of Nong Bua Lam Phu, Chao Anou eventually presided as monarch over both sides of the Mekong River|access-date=  24 June 2013}}</ref> In 1827, Chao Anou of [[Vientiane]] designated Phagna Narin to be governor at the onset of the [[Laotian Rebellion]] of 1826–1828.
Under Thai rule, the province originally consisted of five [[amphoe]] (districts) in [[Udon Thani province]]. In 1993 Udon was decentralized and a separate province of Nong Bua Lam Phu was created. It is one of the newest provinces of Thailand, together with [[Amnat Charoen province]], [[Sa Kaeo province]], and [[Bueng Kan province]].
On 6 October 2022, [[2022 Nong Bua Lamphu massacre|a mass murder]] occurred at and near a daycare center in Uthai Sawan, a town located in the province. A total of 36 people were killed, and 10 others were injured, before the attacker committed suicide. It was the deadliest mass murder by a single perpetrator in the modern history of Thailand.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://news.sky.com/story/at-least-30-dead-including-children-after-mass-shooting-at-day-care-centre-in-thailand-12713318 |title=At least 36 dead including children after mass shooting at day care centre in Thailand |publisher=Sky News |date=6 October 2022 |accessdate=6 October 2022}}</ref>
==Economy==
Nong Bua Lamphu is the poorest province in Thailand according to the ''Bangkok Post''. Incomes, as of 2018, average 41,000 baht annually.<ref>{{cite news|title=Over 90% of people's woes solved, PM claims|url=https://www.bangkokpost.com/news/general/1433379/over-90-of-peoples-woes-solved-pm-claims|access-date=23 March 2018|work=Bangkok Post|date=23 March 2018}}</ref>
The province is largely agricultural. Sticky rice has long been the area's traditional crop, although there has been a shift to sugarcane due to low rice prices and sugarcane's resistance to flooding. In 2016, more than one third of the available agricultural land in Nong Bua Lamphu was used for sugarcane plantations. According to the provincial Office of Agricultural Economics, sugarcane cultivation is expected to rise. In contrast, the area devoted to rice farming shrunk by 73 percent from 2000 to 2016.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Sunsuk|first1=Donlawat|title=Sugarcane boom in Nong Bua Lamphu, a bitter pill for public health experts|url=http://isaanrecord.com/2016/07/29/sugarcane-boom-in-nong-bua-lamphu-a-bitter-pill-for-public-health-experts/|access-date=19 November 2017|work=The Isaan Record|date=29 July 2016}}</ref>
==Symbols==
{|
|- valign=top
||
||The [[Seals of the provinces of Thailand|seal of the province]] shows King Naresuan in a shrine. This shrine was built to commemorate the visit of King Naresuan to the city of Nong Bua Lam Phu in 1574 when he was gathering troops to fight the [[Burma|Burmese]] [[First Toungoo Empire|kingdom Toungoo]]. Behind the shrine is a pond with lotus flowers (''[[Nymphaea lotus]]''), which is the provincial flower. The [[list of Thai provincial trees|provincial tree]] is the Siamese rosewood (''[[Dalbergia cochinchinensis]]''). The edible minnow ''[[Henicorhynchus siamensis]]'' is the provincial aquatic life.
|}
==Administrative divisions==
[[Image:Districts_Nong_Bua_Lamphu.svg|right|thumb|150px|Map of six districts]]
===Provincial government===
The province is divided into six districts (''[[amphoe]]''). The districts are further divided into 59 subdistricts (''[[tambon]]'') and 636 villages (''[[muban]]'').
{|
|---valign=top
||
#[[Mueang Nong Bua Lam Phu District|Mueang Nong Bua Lam Phu]]
#[[Na Klang District|Na Klang]]
#[[Non Sang District|Non Sang]]
</td><td>
<ol start=4>
<li>[[Si Bun Rueang District|Si Bun Rueang]]
<li>[[Suwannakhuha District|Suwannakhuha]]
<li>[[Na Wang District|Na Wang]]
</ol>
|}
===Local government===
As of 26 November 2019 there are:<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.dla.go.th/work/abt/province.jsp |title=Number of local government organizations by province |date=26 November 2019 |website=dla.go.th |publisher=Department of Local Administration (DLA) |access-date=10 December 2019 | quote=70 Nong Bua Lamphu: 1 PAO, 1 Town mun., 23 Subdistrict mun., 43 SAO.}}</ref> one Nong Bua Lamphu Provincial Administration Organisation (''{{lang|th-Latn|ongkan borihan suan changwat}}'') and 24 municipal (''thesaban'') areas in the province. Nong Bua Lamphu has town (''[[thesaban mueang]]'') status.  Further 23 subdistrict municipalities (''[[thesaban tambon]]''). The non-municipal areas are administered by 43 Subdistrict Administrative Organisations – SAO (''ongkan borihan suan tambon'').<ref name="TDD"/>
==Human achievement index 2022==
{| class="wikitable floatright" style="width:400px;"
|-
| style="text-align:center; width:100px; background:black; color:white;"| Health
| style="text-align:center; width:100px; background:black; color:white;"| Education
| style="text-align:center; width:100px; background:black; color:white;"| Employment
| style="text-align:center; width:100px; background:black; color:white;"| Income
|-
| [[File:Health icon Thai.png|95px]]
| [[File:Round Landmark School Icon - Transparent.svg|100px]]
| [[File:Employment icon.png|100px]]
| [[File:Numismatics and Notaphily icon.png|100px]]
|-
| style="text-align:center; background:black; color:white;"| 34
| style="text-align:center; background:black; color:white;"| 64
| style="text-align:center; background:black; color:white;"| 52
| style="text-align:center; background:black; color:white;"| 73
|-
| style="text-align:center; background:black; color:white;"| Housing
| style="text-align:center; background:black; color:white;"| Family
| style="text-align:center; background:black; color:white;"| Transport
| style="text-align:center; background:black; color:white;"| Participation
|-
| style="height:100px;"| [[File:586-house-with-garden.svg|100px]]
| [[File:Parents, enfants, famille.png|center|85px]]
| [[File:Groundtransport inv.svg|100px]]
| [[File:Icon Sociopolítica y relaciones internacionales (wikiproyect, es.wp).png|90px]]
|-
| style="text-align:center; background:black; color:white;"| 20
| style="text-align:center; background:black; color:white;"| 13
| style="text-align:center; background:black; color:white;"| 18
| style="text-align:center; background:black; color:white;"| 76
|-
| colspan="4"; style="background:black; color:white;"| Nong Bua Lamphu, with a 2022 HAI value of 0.6098 is "low", occupies place 75 in the ranking.
|}
Since 2003, the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) in Thailand has tracked progress on human development at the sub-national level using the [[Human achievement index]] (HAI), a composite index covering all the eight key areas of human development. The National Economic and Social Development Board (NESDB) has taken over this task since 2017.<ref name="HAI 2565" />
{| class="wikitable" ---valign=top
||Rank||Classification
|-
||&nbsp;&nbsp;1 – 13||"high"
|-
||14–29||"somewhat high"
|-
||30–45||"average"
|-
||46–61||"somewhat low"
|-
||62–77||"low"
|}
{|role= "presentation" class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"
|<strong>Map with provinces and HAI 2022 rankings</strong>
|-
|[[File:HAI 2022 rankings.svg|950px]]
|}
{{clear}}
==References==
{{Reflist}}
==External links==
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20051210162958/http://www.tourismthailand.org/destinationguide/list.aspx?provinceid=27 Province page from the Tourist Authority of Thailand]
<!--*[http://kanchanapisek.or.th/cgi-bin/kp8/oncc/province.cgi?prov=e16 Golden Jubilee Network province guide] currently empty-->
*[http://www.nongbualamphu.go.th/ Website of province] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050512001735/http://www.nongbualamphu.go.th/ |date=12 May 2005 }} (Thai only)
*[http://www.thailex.info/THAILEX/THAILEXENG/LEXICON/Copy%20of%20Nong%20Bua%20Lamphu.htm Nong Bua Lam Phu provincial map, coat of arms and postal stamp]
{{Geographic location
|Centre    = Nong Bua Lam Phu province
|North     =
|Northeast = [[Udon Thani province]]
|East      =
|Southeast =
|South     = [[Khon Kaen province]]
|Southwest =
|West      = [[Loei province]]
|Northwest =
}}
{{Provinces of Thailand}}
{{Authority control}}
{{Coord|17|10|N|102|23|E|region:TH_type:adm2nd_source:dewiki|display=title}}
[[Category:Isan]]
[[Category:Nong Bua Lamphu province| ]]
[[Category:Provinces of Thailand]]