View source for Oligotypus

{{Short description|Extinct genus of dragonfly-like insects}}
{{Automatic taxobox
| fossil_range = {{fossil_range|318|290|[[Namurian]]-Early [[Permian]]}}
| image = Oligotypus huangheensis.png
| image_caption = Specimens of ''Oligotypus'' (=''Sinomeganeura'') ''huangheensis''
| taxon = Oligotypus
| authority = Carpenter, 1931
| subdivision_ranks = Other species
| subdivision = ''O. tillyardi'' <small>Carpenter, 1931</small> ([[type species|type]])<br />
''O. makowskii'' <small>Carpenter & Richardson, 1971</small><br />
''O. huangheensis'' <small>Ren,  Nel & Prokop, 2008</small><br />
''O. tuscaloosae'' <small>Beckemeyer & Engel, 2011</small>
| synonyms = ''Sinomeganeura'' <small>Ren,  Nel & Prokop, 2008</small><br />
}}
'''''Oligotypus''''' is an extinct genus of [[griffinfly]] in the family [[Paralogidae]].<ref name=":1" /> This genus is known from 4 species from the [[Carboniferous]] to [[Permian]].
== Species ==
Type species of the genus, ''Oligotypus tillyardi'' was described from lower Permian site in [[Kansas]] and [[Midco insect bed]] in [[Oklahoma]].<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Carpenter |first=Frank M. |date=1933 |title=The Lower Permian Insects of Kansas. Part 6. Delopteridae, Protelytroptera, Plectoptera and a New Collection of Protodonata, Odonata, Megasecoptera, Homoptera, and Psocoptera |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/20022959 |journal=Proceedings of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences |volume=68 |issue=11 |pages=411–504 |doi=10.2307/20022959 |jstor=20022959 |issn=0199-9818}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite journal |last=Carpenter |first=Frank M. |date=1947 |title=Lower Permian Insects from Oklahoma. Part 1. Introduction and the Orders Megasecoptera, Protodonata, and Odonata |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/20023497 |journal=Proceedings of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences |volume=76 |issue=2 |pages=25–54 |doi=10.2307/20023497 |jstor=20023497 |issn=0199-9818}}</ref> It was small griffinfly with wing length of {{convert|4|cm|in}} as preserved.<ref name=":0" />
Second species, ''O. makowskii'' was described from middle [[Pennsylvanian (geology)|Pennsylvanian]] [[Francis Creek Shale]] in [[Illinois]]. It had wing which is {{convert|6.5|cm|in}} long as preserved and estimated to have complete length of {{convert|9|cm|in}}.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Carpenter |first1=F. M. |last2=Richardson |first2=Jr |date=1971 |title=Additional Insects in Pennsylvanian Concretions From Illinois |url=https://www.hindawi.com/journals/psyche/1971/080989/ |journal=Psyche: A Journal of Entomology |language=en |volume=78 |issue=4 |pages=267–295 |doi=10.1155/1971/80989 |doi-access=free |issn=0033-2615}}</ref>
Third species, ''O. huangheensis'' was described from Pennsylvanian, [[Namurian|Namurian stage]], [[Yanghugou Formation]] (previously called as [[Tupo Formation]]) near the village of Xiaheyan in [[Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region]], [[China]]. It was originally described under its own genus ''Sinomeganeura'', but it was synonymized to ''Oligotypus'' in 2013. The preserved segment is {{Convert|48.6|mm|in}} giving an estimated full length for the wing of approximately {{convert|70|mm|in}}.<ref name="Ren2008">{{Cite journal |last1=Ren |first1=D. |last2=Nel |first2=A. |last3=Prokop |first3=J. |year=2008 |title=New early griffenfly, ''Sinomeganeura huangheensis'' from the Late Carboniferous of northern China (Meganisoptera: Meganeuridae) |url=http://202.204.209.200/upload/20080703010737.pdf |url-status=dead |journal=Insect Systematics & Evolution |volume=38 |issue=2 |pages=223–229 |doi=10.1163/187631208788784075 |issn=1399-560X |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120324183604/http://202.204.209.200/upload/20080703010737.pdf |archive-date=2012-03-24}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite journal |last1=Li |first1=Yongjun |last2=Béthoux |first2=Olivier |last3=Pang |first3=Hong |last4=Ren |first4=Dong |date=2013 |title=Early Pennsylvanian Odonatoptera from the Xiaheyan locality (Ningxia, China): new material, taxa, and perspectives |url=http://www.foss-rec.net/16/117/2013 |journal=Fossil Record |language=en |volume=16 |issue=1 |pages=117–139 |doi=10.1002/mmng.201300006|bibcode=2013FossR..16..117L |doi-access=free }}</ref>
Fourth species, ''O. tuscaloosae'' was described from Early Pennsylvanian [[Pottsville Formation]] of [[Alabama]]. It is the largest species of ''Oligotypus'' with preserved wing length of {{convert|7.7|cm|in}} and estimated complete wing length of {{convert|13-16|cm|in}}.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Beckemeyer |first1=Roy J. |last2=Engel |first2=Michael S. |date=2011-10-21 |title=Upper Carboniferous Insects from the Pottsville Formation of Northern Alabama (Insecta: Ephemeropterida, Palaeodictyopterida, Odonatoptera) |url=https://kuscholarworks.ku.edu/handle/1808/15846 |journal=Natural History Museum the University of Kansas |language=en-US |issn=1094-0782}}</ref>
== Description ==
According to ''O. huangheensis'', it shows no indications of any [[Animal colouration|color pattering]] that may have been present in life. In adult of the species would have had a full wingspan of around {{convert|150|mm|in}}.<ref name="Ren2008" /> The overall size is considered small compared to other members of the subfamily such as ''[[Meganeura]]'' and ''[[Meganeuropsis]]'', both with wings exceeding {{convert|250|mm|in}} in length, and wingspans over {{convert|700|mm|in}}.<ref name="Prokop2010">{{Cite journal |last1=Prokop |first1=J. |last2=Nel |first2=A. |year=2010 |title=New griffenfly, ''Bohemiatupus elegans'' from the Late Carboniferous of western Bohemia in the Czech Republic (Odonatoptera: Meganisoptera: Meganeuridae) |url=http://zoologie.umh.ac.be/asef/pdf/2010_46_01_02%5Cfull%5CProkop_et_Nel_2010_ASEF_46_1_2_183_188_full.pdf |journal=Annales de la Société Entomologique de France |volume=46 |issue=1–2 |pages=183–188 |doi=10.1080/00379271.2010.10697655 |doi-access=free}}</ref>
==References==
{{Reflist}}
{{taxonbar|from1=Q125136625}}
[[Category:Meganisoptera]]
[[Category:Pennsylvanian insects]]
[[Category:Permian insects]]
[[Category:Bashkirian life]]
[[Category:Carboniferous animals of Asia]]
[[Category:Carboniferous animals of North America]]
[[Category:Paleozoic insects of Asia]]
[[Category:Paleozoic insects of North America]]
[[Category:Fossil taxa described in 1931]]
[[Category:Prehistoric animals of China]]