View source for Oxyporus

{{short description|Genus of fungi}}
{{Taxobox
| image = Oxyporus populinus 2.jpg
| image_width = 240px
| image_caption = ''[[Oxyporus populinus]]''
| regnum = [[Fungi]]
| divisio = [[Basidiomycota]]
| classis = [[Agaricomycetes]]
| ordo = [[Hymenochaetales]]
| familia = [[Schizoporaceae]]
| genus = '''''Oxyporus'''''
| genus_authority = ([[Hubert Bourdot|Bourdot]] & [[Amédée Galzin|Galzin]]) [[Marinus Anton Donk|Donk]] (1933)<ref name="Donk 1933"/>
| type_species = ''Oxyporus populinus''
| type_species_authority = ([[Schumach.]]) Donk (1933)
| synonyms_ref = <ref name="urlMycoBank: Oxyporus"/>
| synonyms = ''Boudiera'' <small>[[Lázaro Ibiza]] (1917)</small><br>
''Coriolus'' sect. ''Oxyporus'' <small>Bourdot & Galzin (1925)</small>
}}
'''''Oxyporus''''' is a [[genus]] of [[polypore]] fungi in the family [[Schizoporaceae]]. An individual family [[Oxyporaceae]] was described for the genus.<ref name="Zmitrovich, Malysheva 2014"/> A number of species in this genus are [[plant pathogen]]s, causing a [[white rot]]. The genus is widely distributed.<ref name="Kirk 2008"/>
==Taxonomy==
''Oxyporus'' was first classified as a [[section (biology)|section]] of the genus ''[[Coriolus]]'' by [[Hubert Bourdot]] & [[Amédée Galzin]] in 1925.<ref name="Bourdot 1925"/> [[Marinus Anton Donk]] promoted the section to generic status in 1933.<ref name="Donk 1933"/> ''Boudiera'', a genus proposed by [[Lázaro Ibiza]] in 1917,<ref name="Lázaro Ibiza 1917"/> is a [[synonym (biology)|synonym]].<ref name="urlMycoBank: Oxyporus"/> The [[type species]] is ''Oxyporus populinus''.<ref name="urlMycoBank: Oxyporus"/>
==Description==
The [[basidiocarp|fruit bodies]] of ''Oxyporus'' species can exist in either a pileate (with [[pileus (mycology)|cap]] and [[stipe (mycology)|stipe]]) form, or a [[resupination|resupinate]] form (like a crust on the surface of the [[substrate (biology)|substrate]]). In the latter case, the crust is typically [[adnation|broadly attached]] to the [[substrate (biology)|substrate]] and has a fibrous to woody texture. Pileate fruit bodies are white to deep cream in color, have a velvety texture, and are frequently covered with [[moss]]es. The pore surface is white to light yellowish, with pores that are small and [[wikt:isodiametric|isodiametric]], rarely large and angular. The tube layer is single or divided into distant layers, in which case it has layers of tissue between the tube layers. The [[trama (mycology)|flesh]] is white to cream. The [[hypha]]l system is monomitic; the generative hyphae are thin to thick-walled and sparingly branched. Most species have and abundance of simple [[septum|septate]] cystidia that are encrusted at the tip. [[Basidiospore]]s are spherical to broadly [[ellipsoid]], thin- to thick-walled, smooth, [[hyaline]], and have a negative reaction to [[Melzer's reagent]]. Species of ''Oxyporus'' grow on both [[conifer]]s and [[hardwood]]s, causing a white rot.<ref name="Ryvarden2 1993"/>
==Pathogenicity==
''Oxyporus corticola'' has been isolated from the [[lymphocutaneous]] tissues of a [[beagle]] and a [[German Shepherd]]. The [[risk factor]]s for infection with ''O.&nbsp;corticola'' are not yet known.<ref name="Miller 2012"/>
==Uses==
''[[Oxyporus latemarginatus]]'' produces the industrially significant enzymes [[lignin peroxidase]] and [[manganese peroxidase]] (but not [[laccase]]),<ref name="Dhouib 2005"/> which are used in [[bioremediation]], [[biopulping]], and [[biobleaching]]. The fungus was investigated for its ability to degrade [[lignin]] in [[kenaf]] (''Hibiscus cannabinus'') chips.<ref name="Halis 2012"/> This species also produces an antifungal compound, 5-pentyl-2-furaldehyde, that inhibits the mycelial growth of ''[[Alternaria alternata]]'', ''[[Botrytis cinerea]]'', ''[[Colletotrichum gloeosporioides]]'', ''[[Fusarium oxysporum]]'' f. sp. ''lycopersici'', and ''[[Rhizoctonia solani]]'' by mycofumigation. It has been investigated for use as a biofumigant.<ref name="Lee 2009"/>
==Species==
{{div col|colwidth=30em}}
*''[[Oxyporus andinus]]''<ref name="Ryvarden 2010"/>
*''[[Oxyporus borealis]]''<ref name="Jenssen 1985"/>
*''[[Oxyporus brunneus]]''<ref name="Ryvarden 2010"/>
*''[[Oxyporus bucholtzii]]''<ref name="Dai 1995"/>
*''[[Oxyporus cervinogilvus]]''<ref name="Ryvarden 1973"/>
*''[[Oxyporus cinnamomeus]]''<ref name="Núñez 1999"/>
*''[[Oxyporus connatus]]''
*''[[Oxyporus corticola]]''<ref name="Ryvarden 1972"/>
*''[[Oxyporus cuneatus]]''<ref name="Aoshima 1967"/>
*''[[Oxyporus fragilis]]''<ref name="Læssøe 2010"/>
*''[[Oxyporus ginkgonis]]''<ref name="Dai 2005"/>
*''[[Oxyporus lacerus]]''<ref name="Ryvarden 2007"/>
*''[[Oxyporus latemarginatus]]''<ref name="Donk 1966"/>
*''[[Oxyporus lilaceus]]''<ref name="Corner 1987"/>
*''[[Oxyporus macroporus]]''<ref name="Dai 2004"/>
*''[[Oxyporus mollis]]''<ref name="Gibertoni 2011"/>
*''[[Oxyporus neotropicus]]''<ref name="Ryvarden 2004"/>
*''[[Oxyporus obducens]]''<ref name="Donk 1933"/>
*''[[Oxyporus pellicula]]''<ref name="Ryvarden 1980"/>
*''[[Oxyporus phellodendri]]''<ref name="Bondartsev 1963"/>
*''[[Oxyporus piceicola]]''<ref name="Cui 2009"/>
*''[[Oxyporus populinus]]''<ref name="Donk 1933"/>
*''[[Oxyporus ravidus]]''<ref name="Bondartsev 1941"/>
*''[[Oxyporus rufipusillus]]''<ref name="Hattori 2003"/>
*''[[Oxyporus schizoporoides]]''<ref name="Spirin 2003"/>
*''[[Oxyporus similis]]''<ref name="Ryvarden 1972b"/>
*''[[Oxyporus sinensis]]''<ref name="Zeng 1992"/>
*''[[Oxyporus spiculifer]]''<ref name="Buchanan 1988"/>
*''[[Oxyporus subflavus]]''<ref name="Reid 1973"/>
*''[[Oxyporus subpopulinus]]''<ref name="Cui 2006"/>
*''[[Oxyporus subulatus]]''<ref name="Hjorstam 1982"/>
{{div col end}}
==References==
{{Reflist|colwidth=30em|refs=
<ref name="Aoshima 1967">{{cite journal |author=Aoshima K. |title=Synopsis of the genus ''Daedalea'' Pers. ex Fr. |journal=Transactions of the Mycological Society of Japan |year=1967 |volume=8 |pages=1–4}}</ref>
<ref name="Bondartsev 1941">{{cite journal |vauthors=Bondartsev A, Singer R |title=Zur Systematik der Polyporaceae |trans-title=Towards a systematics of the Polyporaceae |journal=Annales Mycologici |year=1941 |volume=39 |issue=1 |pages=43–65 |language=German}}</ref>
<ref name="Zmitrovich, Malysheva 2014">{{cite journal |vauthors=Zmitrovich IV, Malysheva VF |title=Studies on Oxyporus I. Segregation of Emmia and general topology of phylogenetic tree |journal=Mikologiya i fitopatologiya |year=2014 |volume=48 |issue=3 |pages=161–171 |url=http://media.wix.com/ugd/b65817_7f0255a1b1b04620ad32a1611c9a69c9.pdf}}</ref>
<ref name="Bondartsev 1963">{{cite journal |author=Bondartsev A. |title=Species pro URSS rarae et novae Polyporacearum |journal=Botanicheskie Materialy Otdela Sporovyh Rastenij Botanicheskogo Instituti Imeni V.L. Komarova |year=1963 |volume=16 |pages=113–25}}</ref>
<ref name="Bourdot 1925">{{cite journal |vauthors=Bourdot H, Galzin A |title=Hyménomycètes de France. XI. Porés |year=1925 |journal=Bulletin de la Société Mycologique de France |volume=41 |pages=98–255 (see p.&nbsp;139) |language=French}}</ref>
<ref name="Buchanan 1988">{{cite journal |vauthors=Buchanan PK, Ryvarden L |title=Type studies in the Polyporaceae – 18. Species described by G.H. Cunningham |journal=Mycotaxon |year=1988 |volume=31 |issue=1 |pages=1–38 |url=http://www.cybertruffle.org.uk/cyberliber/59575/0031/001/0001.htm}}</ref>
<ref name="Corner 1987">{{cite book |author=Corner EJH. |title=Ad Polyporaceas IV: The Genera ''Daedalea'', ''Flabellophora'', Etc |year=1987 |series=Beihefte zur Nova Hedwigia |volume=86 |page=132 |isbn=978-3443510084}}</ref>
<ref name="Cui 2006">{{cite journal |vauthors=((Cui B-K)), ((Huang M-Y)), ((Dai Y-C)) |title=A new species of ''Oxyporus'' (Basidiomycota, Aphyllophorales) from Northwest China |journal=Mycotaxon |year=2006 |volume=96 |pages=207–10 |url=http://www.cybertruffle.org.uk/cyberliber/59575/0096/0207.htm}}</ref>
<ref name="Cui 2009">{{cite journal |vauthors=((Cui B-K)), ((Dai Y-C)) |title=''Oxyporus piceicola'' sp nov with a key to species of the genus in China |journal=Mycotaxon |year=2009 |volume=109 |pages=307–13 |doi=10.5248/109.307|doi-access=free }}</ref>
<ref name="Dai 1995">{{cite journal |vauthors=((Dai Y-C)), Niemelä T |title=Changbai wood-rotting fungi 4. Some species described by A.S. Bondartsev and L.V. Lyubarsky from the Russian Far East |journal=Annales Botanici Fennici |year=1995 |volume=32 |issue=4 |pages=211–26}}</ref>
<ref name="Dai 2004">{{cite journal |vauthors=((Dai Y-C)), ((Wei Y-L)), Wang Z |title=Wood-inhabiting fungi in southern China 2. Polypores from Sichuan Province |journal=Annales Botanici Fennici |year=2004 |volume=41 |issue=5 |pages=319–29 |url=http://www.sekj.org/PDF/anb41-free/anb41-319.pdf }}</ref>
<ref name="Dai 2005">{{cite journal |vauthors=((Dai Y-C)), Wang Z |title=A new polypore on Ginkgo from China |journal=Mycotaxon |year=2005 |volume=92 |pages=345–9 |url=http://www.cybertruffle.org.uk/cyberliber/59575/0092/0345.htm}}</ref>
<ref name="Dhouib 2005">{{cite journal |vauthors=Dhouib A, Ellouz M, Aloui F, Sayadi S |title=Effect of bioaugmentation of activated sludge with white-rot fungi on olive mill wastewater detoxification |journal=Letters in Applied Microbiology |year=2005 |volume=42 |issue=5| pages=405–11 |pmid=16599996 |doi=10.1111/j.1472-765X.2006.01858.x|doi-access=free }}</ref>
<ref name="Donk 1933">{{cite journal |author=Donk MA. |title=Revisie van de Nederlandse Heterobasidiomyceteae (uitgez. Uredinales en Ustilaginales) en Homobasidiomyceteae-Aphyllophraceae: II |journal=Mededelingen van Het Botanisch Museum en Herbarium van de Rijksuniversiteit te Utrecht |year=1933 |volume=9 |pages=1–278 (see pp.&nbsp;202–4) |language=Dutch}}</ref>
<ref name="Donk 1966">{{cite journal |author=Donk MA. |title=Notes on European polypores – I |journal=Persoonia |year=1966 |volume=4 |issue=3 |pages=337–43 |url=http://www.cybertruffle.org.uk/cyberliber/61056/0004/003/0337.htm}}</ref>
<ref name="Gibertoni 2011">{{cite journal |vauthors=Gibertoni T, Martins A, Ryvarden L, Sotao H |title=''Oxyporus mollis'' sp. nov. (Agaricomycetes) from the Eastern Brazilian Amazonia |journal=Nova Hedwigia |year=2012 |volume=94 |issue=1–2 |pages=175–9 |doi=10.1127/0029-5035/2012/0094-0175}}</ref>
<ref name="Halis 2012">{{cite journal |vauthors=Halis R, Tan HR, Ashaari Z, Mohamed R |title=Biomodification of Kenaf using white rot fungi |journal=Bioresources |year=2012 |volume=7 |issue=1 |pages=984–96 |url=http://www.ncsu.edu/bioresources/BioRes_07/BioRes_07_1_0984_Halis_TZM_Biomod_Kenaf_White_Rot_Fungus_2116.pdf }}</ref>
<ref name="Hattori 2003">{{cite journal |author=Hattori T. |title=Type studies of the polypores described by E.J.H. Corner from Asia and West Pacific Areas. V. Species described in ''Tyromyces'' (2) |journal=Mycoscience |year=2003 |volume=44 |issue=4 |pages=265–76 |doi=10.1007/s10267-003-0114-3|s2cid=86014378 }}</ref>
<ref name="Hjorstam 1982">{{cite journal |vauthors=Hjortstam K, Ryvarden L |title=Aphyllophorales from Northern Thailand |journal=Nordic Journal of Botany |year=1982 |volume=2 |issue=3 |pages=273–81 |doi=10.1111/j.1756-1051.1982.tb01189.x}}</ref>
<ref name="Jenssen 1985">{{cite journal |vauthors=Jenssen GM, Ryvarden L |title=''Oxyporus borealis'' sp. nov. Polyporaceae with a note on ''O. phellodendri'' |journal=Transactions of the British Mycological Society |year=1985 |volume=84 |issue=3 |pages=545–7 |url=http://www.cybertruffle.org.uk/cyberliber/59351/0084/003/0545.htm |doi=10.1016/s0007-1536(85)80022-x}}</ref>
<ref name="Læssøe 2010">{{cite book |vauthors=Læssøe T, Ryvarden L |title=Studies in Neotropical polypores 26. Some new and rarely recorded polypores from Ecuador |series=Synopsis Fungorum |year=2009 |publisher=Fungiflora |volume=27 |pages=34–58 |isbn=9788290724387}}</ref>
<ref name="Lázaro Ibiza 1917">{{cite book |author=Lázaro Ibiza B. |title=Los poliporáceos de la flora española. Estudio crítico y descriptivo de los hongos de esta familia |year=1917 |publisher=Imprenta Renacimiento |location=Madrid |page=147 |language=Spanish}}</ref>
<ref name="Miller 2012">{{cite journal |vauthors=Miller SA, Roth-Johnson L, Kani SA, Bemis DA |title= Isolation and sequence-based identification of ''Oxyporus corticola'' from a dog with generalized lymphadenopathy |journal=Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation |year=2012 |volume=24 |issue=1 |pages=178–81 |doi=10.1177/1040638711425944|pmid= 22362950 |doi-access=free }}</ref>
<ref name="Núñez 1999">{{cite journal |vauthors=Núñez M, Ryvarden L |title=New and interesting polypores from Japan |journal=Fungal Diversity |year=1999 |volume=3 |pages=107–21 |url=http://www.fungaldiversity.org/fdp/sfdp/FD_3_107-121.pdf }}</ref>
<ref name="Kirk 2008">{{cite book |vauthors=Kirk PM, Cannon PF, Minter DW, Stalpers JA |title=Dictionary of the Fungi |edition=10th |publisher=CAB International |location=Wallingford, UK |year=2008 |page=489 |isbn=978-0-85199-826-8}}</ref>
<ref name="Lee 2009">{{cite journal |vauthors=Lee SO, Kim HY, Choi GJ, Lee HB, Jang KS, Choi YH, ((Kim J-C)) |title=Mycofumigation with ''Oxyporus latemarginatus'' EF069 for control of postharvest apple decay and Rhizoctonia root rot on moth orchid |journal=Journal of Applied Microbiology |year=2009 |volume=106 |issue=4 |pages=1213–9 |doi=10.1111/j.1365-2672.2008.04087.x|pmid=19120615 |doi-access=free }}</ref>
<ref name="Reid 1973">{{cite journal |author=Reid DA. |title=A reappraisal of type and authentic specimens of Basidiomycetes in the van der Byl herbarium, Stellenbosch |journal=South African Journal of Botany |year=1973 |volume=39 |issue=2 |pages=141–78 (see p.&nbsp;172)}}</ref>
<ref name="Ryvarden 1972">{{cite journal |author=Ryvarden L. |title=A note on the genus ''Junghuhnia'' |journal=Persoonia |volume=7 |issue=1 |pages=17–21 |url=http://www.cybertruffle.org.uk/cyberliber/61056/0007/001/0017.htm}}</ref>
<ref name="Ryvarden 1972b">{{cite journal |author=Ryvarden L. |title=A critical checklist of the Polyporaceae in tropical East Africa |journal=Norwegian Journal of Botany |year=1972 |volume=19 |pages=229–38}}</ref>
<ref name="Ryvarden 1973">{{cite journal |author=Ryvarden L. |title=New genera in the Polyporaceae |journal=Norwegian Journal of Botany |year=1973 |volume=20 |issue=1 |pages=1–5}}</ref>
<ref name="Ryvarden 1980">{{cite book |vauthors=Ryvarden L, Johansen I |title=A Preliminary Polypore Flora of East Africa |publisher=Fungiflora |year=1980 |location=Oslo |page=455 |isbn=8290724322}}</ref>
<ref name="Ryvarden2 1993">{{cite book |author=Ryvarden L. |title=European Polypores (Part 2) |publisher=Lubrecht & Cramer |location=Oslo, Norway |year=1993 |page=438 |isbn=82-90724-12-8}}</ref>
<ref name="Ryvarden 2004">{{cite book |author=Ryvarden L. |title=Studies in neotropical polypores 20. Some new polypores from the Amazonas region |series=Synopsis Fungorum |year=2004 |publisher=Fungiflora |volume=18 |pages=62–7 |isbn=8290724292}}</ref>
<ref name="Ryvarden 2007">{{cite book |author=Ryvarden L. |title=Studies in Neotropical polypores 23. New and interesting wood-inhabiting fungi from Belize |series=Synopsis Fungorum |year=2007 |volume=23 |publisher=Fungiflora |location=Oslo |pages=32–50 |isbn=9788290724356}}</ref>
<ref name="Ryvarden 2010">{{cite book |vauthors=Ryvarden L, Ituuiaga T |title=Studies in Neotropical polypores 29. Some new and interesting species from the Andes region in Venezuela |series=Synopsis Fungorum |publisher=Fungiflora |year=2010 |volume=27 |pages=78–91 |isbn=9788290724417}}</ref>
<ref name="Spirin 2003">{{cite journal |vauthors=Spirin WA, Zmitrovitch I |title=Notes on some rare polypores, found in Russia. 1: Genera ''Antrodiella'', ''Gelatoporia'', ''Irpex'', ''Oxyporus'', ''Pilatoporus'' and ''Porpomyces'' |journal=Karstenia |year=2003 |volume=43 |issue=2 |pages=67–82|doi=10.29203/ka.2003.394 |doi-access=free }}</ref>
<ref name="urlMycoBank: Oxyporus">{{cite web |title=''Oxyporus'' (Bourdot & Galzin) Donk :202, 1933 |url=http://www.mycobank.org/BioloMICS.aspx?Table=Mycobank&Rec=57070&Fields=All |publisher=[[MycoBank]]. International Mycological Association |accessdate=2013-12-05}}</ref>
<ref name="Zeng 1992">{{cite journal |author=Zeng X-L. |title=A undescribed species of ''Oxyporus'' (Polyporaceae) from China |journal=Mycotaxon |year=1992 |volume=44 |issue=1 |pages=51–4 |url=http://www.cybertruffle.org.uk/cyberliber/59575/0044/001/0051.htm}}</ref>
}}
{{Taxonbar|from=Q4332893}}
[[Category:Hymenochaetales]]