View source for Patrick, 1st Earl of Salisbury

{{Short description|12th-century Anglo-Norman nobleman}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2023}}
{{Use British English|date=June 2013}}
'''Patrick of Salisbury, 1st Earl of Salisbury''' ({{c.}} 1122 – 1168) was an [[Anglo-Normans|Anglo-Norman]] [[nobleman]], and the uncle of the famous [[William Marshal, 1st Earl of Pembroke|William Marshal]].
His parents were [[Edward_of_Salisbury|Walter of Salisbury]] and Sibyl de Chaworth.<ref>W. A. Morris. "The Office of Sheriff in the Early Norman Period." The English Historical Review 33 (1918): 145–75</ref> Before 1141, Patrick was constable of [[Salisbury]], a powerful local official but not a nobleman. That year, Patrick married his sister, Sibyl, to [[John Marshal (Marshal of England)|John fitzGilbert the Marshal]], who had been a local rival of his, and transferred his allegiance from King [[Stephen, King of England|Stephen]] to the [[Empress Matilda]]. This political move gained him his earldom, and the friendship of John the Marshal. Patrick's nephew, William Marshal, would go on to become regent of England during the minority of [[Henry III of England|Henry III]]. For a time William served as a household knight with Patrick during the latter's time as governor of [[Poitou]].
The Earl of Salisbury minted his own coins, struck in the county town of Salisbury during the so-called "baronial issues" of 1135–1153. Only four examples have survived, three of which are in the Conte collection.{{Citation needed|date=October 2023}}
Patrick married twice,<ref name=p13/> his second wife being [[Adela of Ponthieu, Countess of Surrey|Ela]], daughter of [[William III, Count of Ponthieu|William III Talvas]], Duke of [[Alençon]] and [[Ponthieu]], whom he married in 1149. Ela was widow of [[William de Warenne, 3rd Earl of Surrey]]. Patrick and Ela had a son, [[William of Salisbury, 2nd Earl of Salisbury|William]],<ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |date= |title=Pedigree diagram, Annals and antiquities of Lacock Abbey, by William Lisle Bowles, 1838 |url=https://history.wiltshire.gov.uk/community/gettextimage.php?id=5594 |website=Wiltshire Community History |publisher=Wiltshire Council |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120403030807/https://history.wiltshire.gov.uk/community/gettextimage.php?id=5594 |archive-date=3 April 2012 |via=Internet Archive}}</ref> and three others, including Walter and Philip.<ref name="p13">{{Cite web |last= |first= |date= |title=Extract from Annals and antiquities of Lacock Abbey, by William Lisle Bowles, 1838 |url=http://history.wiltshire.gov.uk/community/gettextimage.php?id=5586 |website=Wiltshire Community History |publisher=Wiltshire Council |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120403030841/http://history.wiltshire.gov.uk/community/gettextimage.php?id=5586 |archive-date=3 April 2012 |via=Internet Archive}}</ref>
He was killed at [[Poitiers]], France on 27 March 1168 in an ambush by forces of [[Guy of Lusignan]].<ref>{{cite book |last1=Royal Archaeological Institute |title=Memoirs Illustrative of the History and Antiquities of Wiltshire and the City of Salisbury |date=1851 |location= |pages=216–17 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BBwtAAAAYAAJ&dq=patrick+1st+earl+of+salisbury+guy+lusignan&pg=PA217 |access-date=6 December 2021}}</ref>
==References==
{{Reflist}}
*[[Frank Barlow (historian)|Barlow, Frank]]. ''The Feudal Kingdom of England 1042–1216'' London: Longman Group Limited, 1961. {{ISBN|0-582-48237-2}}
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{{s-ttl| title=[[Earl of Salisbury]] | years=c. 1145–1168}}
{{S-aft | after=[[William of Salisbury, 2nd Earl of Salisbury|William of Salisbury]] }}
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Salisbury}}
[[Category:12th-century English nobility|Salisbury, Patrick, 1st Earl of]]
[[Category:1120s births|Salisbury, Patrick, 1st Earl of]]
[[Category:1168 deaths|Salisbury, Patrick, 1st Earl of]]
[[Category:Anglo-Normans|Salisbury, Patrick, 1st Earl of]]
[[Category:Earls of Salisbury (1149 creation)|1]]
[[Category:High sheriffs of Wiltshire]]
[[Category:Normans killed in battle|Salisbury, Patrick, 1st Earl of]]
[[Category:People from Salisbury|Salisbury, Patrick, 1st Earl of]]
[[Category:Year of birth uncertain]]
[[Category:People of The Anarchy]]
[[Category:Peers created by Empress Matilda]]
[[Category:Longespée family|Patrick]]