View source for Philip Honywood (British Army officer, died 1752)

{{Short description|British Army general}}
{{For|the general's nephew|Philip Honywood (died 1785)}}
{{EngvarB|date=November 2017}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2017}}
[[File:Portret van Philip Honywood, RP-P-OB-32.451.jpg|thumb|Portrait of Philip Honywood by [[Bartholomew Dandridge (artist)|Bartholomew Dandridge]]]]
General '''Sir Philip Honywood''' [[Knight Companion of the Bath|KB]] (also spelt '''Honeywood'''; c.1677 – 17 June 1752) was a British Army officer.
==Biography==
He was born the second son of Charles Ludovic Honywood of [[Charing]], [[Kent]] and Mary Clement. Sir [[Robert Honywood (1601–1686)|Robert Honywood]] was his grandfather: Sir Robert married Frances Vane, daughter of Sir [[Henry Vane the Elder]].<ref>Noble, Mark ''Memoirs of the Protectorate-house of Cromwell'' Birmingham 1784 Vol.2 p.487</ref>
His father died when Philip was about ten. He entered the Army as an ensign in [[James Stanley, 10th Earl of Derby|James Stanley]]'s [[16th Regiment of Foot|regiment of foot]] on 12 June 1694,<ref name=dalton>Charles Dalton (1898), [https://archive.org/details/englisharmylists04dalt ''English Army Lists and Commission Registers 1661–1714'', volume IV], p. 29-30</ref> and served under King William III in [[the Netherlands]].<ref name=11H/> He was promoted to captain in the [[Royal Fusiliers]] on 1 April 1696, and captain in [[George Hastings, 8th Earl of Huntingdon|the Earl of Huntingdon]]'s newly raised regiment on 10 March 1702.<ref name=dalton/> In the reign of Queen Anne he shared in the toils and dangers of two campaigns in [[Province of Brabant|Brabant]] under [[John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough]], and afterwards transferred his services to Spain. He was rewarded for his excellent conduct with the lieutenant-colonelcy of the regiment, now [[George Wade|Wade]]'s (and later [[33rd Regiment of Foot|the 33rd]]).<ref name=11H/> On 27 May 1709 he was promoted to the colonelcy of the [[92nd Regiment of Foot (1706–1712)|92nd Regiment]], which was disbanded in 1712,<ref name=1DG>Cannon (1837), ''[https://archive.org/details/cihm_48393 Historical Record of the First, or King's Regiment of Dragoon Guards]'', p. 115-116.</ref><ref name=3LD/> and in 1710 he obtained the rank of brigadier-general.<ref name=11H/>
He was a zealous and warm-hearted advocate for [[Act of Settlement 1701|the Protestant succession]], and on the formation of [[Harley Ministry|a new ministry]] which was believed to be favourable to the interests of [[James Francis Edward Stuart|the Pretender]], Honywood, [[Thomas Meredith (British Army officer)|Lieutenant-General Meredith]] and [[George Macartney (British Army officer)|Major-General Macartney]] were guilty of drinking at a public dinner in [[Flanders]] the toast of "Damnation and confusion to the new Ministry, and to those who had any hand in turning out [[Godolphin–Marlborough ministry|the old]]", and they received an]official intimation that the Queen had no further occasion for their services.<ref name=dalton/><ref name=11H/> Four years afterwards a change of monarch took place: the ministers who had induced the Queen to deprive him of his commission were charged with high treason and fled to [[France]], and Brigadier-General Honywood was rewarded for his attachment to the [[House of Hanover]] with the post of [[Groom of the Bedchamber]] in the household of the new King George I. He also received a commission on 22 July 1715 to raise, form and discipline a corps of cavalry, later the [[11th Hussars]]. He served at the head of his regiment during [[Jacobite rising of 1715|the rebellion]] of [[John Erskine, Earl of Mar (1675–1732)|the Earl of Mar]], commanded a brigade at [[Battle of Preston (1715)|Preston]], and was wounded at the storming of one of the avenues of the town, on which occasion he evinced signal valour and judgement.<ref name=11H>Cannon (1843), ''[https://archive.org/details/cihm_48490 Historical Record of the Eleventh, or the Prince Albert's Own Regiment of Hussars]'', p. 95-97</ref>
In 1719 Honywood commanded a brigade in the expedition against Spain, under [[Richard Temple, 1st Viscount Cobham|Lieutenant-General Lord Cobham]]. He [[Capture of Vigo|took possession of the town of Vigo]] with eight hundred men, and was afterwards engaged in the siege of the citadel, which surrendered in a few days. He was promoted to the rank of major-general in 1726, and in 1727 he was placed on the staff of the army held in readiness to embark for Holland.<ref name=11H/> On 29 May 1732, after commanding the 11th Dragoons seventeen years, he was removed to the [[3rd Dragoons]],<ref name=11H/><ref name=3LD>Cannon (1847), ''[https://archive.org/details/recordofthirdork00canniala Historical Record of the Third, or the King's Own Regiment of Light Dragoons]'', p. 114</ref> and in 1735 he was promoted to the rank of lieutenant-general.<ref name=11H/>
In 1742 a British force was sent to Flanders under Honywood, who held the chief command of the troops until the arrival of [[John Dalrymple, 2nd Earl of Stair|the Earl of Stair]].<ref name=1DG/><ref name=3LD/> In the following year he was promoted to the rank of general,<ref name=11H/> and on 18 April 1743 he was appointed colonel of the King's Horse, later [[1st Dragoon Guards]].<ref name=1DG/> At the [[battle of Dettingen]] one division of the army was commanded by Honywood, and he led the [[Royal Horse Guards]] and the King's Horse to the charge with great gallantry. He served in the subsequent campaigns on the Continent with distinction, and with the approbation of his Sovereign, by whom he was advanced to the dignity of Knight of the [[Order of the Bath]]. He died in 1752, and was interred with military honours at Portsmouth, of which place he was [[Governor of Portsmouth|Governor]] at the time of his decease.<ref name=1DG/><ref name=3LD/>
==References==
{{Source-attribution|''Historical Records of the British Army'' by [[Richard Cannon]].}}
{{Reflist}}
==External links==
A. A. Hanham, "Honywood, Sir Philip (c.1677–1752)" in the ''[[Oxford Dictionary of National Biography]]''. {{doi|10.1093/ref:odnb/89501}} (subscription needed)
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{{succession box|title=Colonel of [[92nd Regiment of Foot (1706–1712)|Honywood's Regiment of Foot]]|before=[[Roger Townshend (died 1709)|Roger Townshend]]|after=[[Jasper Clayton]]|years=1709–1710}}
{{succession box|title=Colonel of [[11th Hussars|Honywood's Regiment of Dragoons]]|before=New regiment|after=[[Lord Mark Kerr (British Army officer, born 1676)|Lord Mark Kerr]]|years=1715–1732}}
{{succession box|title=[[Governor of Duncannon Fort]]|years=1728–1735|before=[[Robert Sterne]]|after=[[Charles Cathcart, 8th Lord Cathcart|The Lord Cathcart]]}}
{{succession box|title=Colonel of [[3rd Hussars|the King's Regiment of Dragoons]]|before=[[George Carpenter, 1st Baron Carpenter|The Lord Carpenter]]|after=[[Humphrey Bland]]|years=1732–1743}}
{{succession box|title=[[Governor of Berwick-upon-Tweed]]|before=[[Rich Russell]]|after=[[Thomas Whetham]]|years=1735–1740}}
{{succession box|title=[[Governor of Portsmouth]]|before=[[Richard Boyle, 2nd Viscount Shannon|The Viscount Shannon]]|after=[[Henry Hawley]]|years=1740–1752}}
{{succession box|title=Colonel of [[1st Dragoon Guards|the King's Regiment of Horse]]|before=[[Henry Herbert, 9th Earl of Pembroke|The Earl of Pembroke]]|after=[[Humphrey Bland]]|years=1743–1752}}
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[[Category:1670s births]]
[[Category:1752 deaths]]
[[Category:Knights Companion of the Order of the Bath]]
[[Category:British Army generals]]
[[Category:1st King's Dragoon Guards officers]]
[[Category:3rd The King's Own Hussars officers]]
[[Category:11th Hussars officers]]
[[Category:Royal Fusiliers officers]]
[[Category:Bedfordshire and Hertfordshire Regiment officers]]
[[Category:33rd Regiment of Foot officers]]
[[Category:English military personnel of the Nine Years' War]]
[[Category:British military personnel of the War of the Spanish Succession]]
[[Category:People of the Jacobite rising of 1715]]
[[Category:British Army personnel of the War of the Austrian Succession]]
[[Category:British military personnel of the War of the Quadruple Alliance#]]