View source for Phoxinus

{{Short description|Genus of fishes}}
{{Automatic taxobox
| image = Phoxinus apollonicus.jpeg
| image_caption = ''Phoxinus apollonicus''
| image2 = Phoxinus bigerri 01 by-dpc.jpg
| image2_caption = ''Phoxinus bigerri''
| parent_authority = [[Pieter Bleeker|Bleeker]], 1863
| display_parents = 2
| taxon = Phoxinus
| authority = [[Constantine Samuel Rafinesque|Rafinesque]], 1820<!-- ''Note: ICZN opinion 54 established Rafinesque, 1820 as the authority, not Agassiz, 1835.'' -->
| type_species = ''Cyprinus phoxinus''
| type_species_authority = [[Carl Linnaeus|Linnaeus]], [[10th edition of Systema Naturae|1758]]
| subdivision_ranks =
| subdivision =
| synonyms = *''Acahara'' <small>[[David Starr Jordan|Jordan]] & [[Catl Leavitt Hubbs|Hubbs]], 1925</small>
*''Eulinneela'' <small>[[Benedykt Dybowski|Dybowski]], 1916</small>
}}
'''''Phoxinus''''' is a [[genus]] of [[freshwater]] [[fish]] in the [[family (biology)|family]] [[Leuciscidae]] of [[order (biology)|order]] [[Cypriniformes]], and the only members of the [[subfamily]] '''Phoxininae''', or '''Eurasian minnows'''.<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal|last1=Schönhuth|first1=Susana|last2=Vukić|first2=Jasna|last3=Šanda|first3=Radek |last4=Yang|first4=Lei|last5=Mayden|first5=Richard L.|date=2018-10-01|title=Phylogenetic relationships and classification of the Holarctic family Leuciscidae (Cypriniformes: Cyprinoidei)|url=http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1055790317308618|journal=Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution|language=en|volume=127|pages=781–799|doi=10.1016/j.ympev.2018.06.026|pmid=29913311|s2cid=49292104 |issn=1055-7903}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=9 February 2024|title=Family LEUCISCIDAE Subfamily PHOXININAE Bleeker 1863 (Eurasian Minnows)|url=https://etyfish.org/phoxininae/|access-date=12 March 2024|website=The ETYFish Project|language=en-US}}</ref> The [[type species]] is ''[[Phoxinus phoxinus]]''. The other species in this genus are also commonly known as minnows. The name "minnow" was what early English fisherman used to describe "small and insignificant". The genus ''Phoxinus'' is found throughout [[Eurasia]], and includes 21 known [[species]].<ref name=FB>{{FishBase genus | genus = Phoxinus | year = 2015 | month = October}}</ref> Previously, members of the North American genus ''[[Chrosomus]]'' were also believed to form part of this genus.<ref name=Strange2009>Strange, R.M. & Mayden, R.L. (2009): Phylogenetic Relationships and a Revised Taxonomy for North American Cyprinids Currently Assigned to ''Phoxinus'' (Actinopterygii: Cyprinidae). ''Copeia, 2009 (3): 494–501.''</ref>
==Species==
There are currently 21 recognized species in this genus:
* ''[[Phoxinus apollonicus]]'' <small>[[Pier Giorgio Bianco|Bianco]] & [[Salvatore De Bonis|De Bonis]], 2015</small> <ref name=Bianco2015>Bianco, P.G. & De Bonis, S. (2015): A taxonomic study on the genus ''Phoxinus'' (Acthinopterigy, Cyprinidae) from Italy and western Balkans with description of four new species: ''P. ketmaieri'', ''P. karsticus'', ''P. apollonicus'' and ''P. likai''. ''In'': Bianco, P.G. & de Filippo, G. (Eds.), ''Researches on Wildlife Conservation'', 4 IGF Publ., USA., {{ISBN|978-1-326-47086-9}}. pp. 1–22.''</ref>
* ''[[Phoxinus bigerri]]'' <small>[[Maurice Kottelat|Kottelat]], 2007</small> (Adour minnow)
* ''[[Phoxinus brachyurus]]'' <small>[[Lev Berg|L. S. Berg]], 1912</small> (Seven River's minnow)
* ''[[Phoxinus colchicus]]'' <small>[[Lev Berg|L. S. Berg]], 1910</small>
* ''[[Phoxinus grumi]]'' <small>[[Lev Berg|L. S. Berg]], 1907</small>
* ''[[Phoxinus issykkulensis]]'' <small>[[Lev Berg|L. S. Berg]], 1912</small> (Issyk-kul' minnow)
* ''[[Phoxinus jouyi]]'' <small>([[David Starr Jordan|D. S. Jordan]] & [[John Otterbein Snyder|Snyder]], 1901)</small>
* ''[[Phoxinus karsticus]]'' <small>[[Pier Giorgio Bianco|Bianco]] & [[Salvatore De Bonis|De Bonis]], 2015</small> <ref name=Bianco2015/>
* ''[[Phoxinus keumkang]]'' <small>([[Moon-Ki Chyung|M. K. Chyung]], 1977)</small>
* ''[[Phoxinus ketmaieri]]'' <small>[[Pier Giorgio Bianco|Bianco]] & [[Salvatore De Bonis|De Bonis]], 2015</small> <ref name=Bianco2015/>
* ''[[Phoxinus kumgangensis]]'' <small>L. T. Kim, 1980</small>
:* ''Phoxinus laevis'' <small>Fitzinger, 1832</small> syn. ''P. phoxinus'' below<ref name="Nakane-Yoshimura-2019">{{cite journal | last1=Nakane | first1=Yusuke | last2=Yoshimura | first2=Takashi | title=Photoperiodic Regulation of Reproduction in Vertebrates | journal=[[Annual Review of Animal Biosciences]] | publisher=[[Annual Reviews (publisher)|Annual Reviews]] | volume=7 | issue=1 | date=2019-02-15 | issn=2165-8102 | doi=10.1146/annurev-animal-020518-115216 | pages=173–194| pmid=30332291 | s2cid=52984435 }}</ref>
* ''[[Phoxinus likai]]'' <small>[[Pier Giorgio Bianco|Bianco]] & [[Salvatore De Bonis|De Bonis]], 2015</small> <ref name=Bianco2015/>
:* ''Phoxinus lumaireul'' <small>[[Heinrich Rudolf Schinz|Schinz]], 1840</small> syn. ''P. phoxinus'' below<ref>{{cite journal | url=https://www.kmae-journal.org/articles/kmae/abs/2018/01/kmae170110/kmae170110.html | doi=10.1051/kmae/2017051 | title=Distribution of Eurasian minnows (Phoxinus: Cypriniformes) in the Western Balkans | year=2018 | last1=Vucić | first1=Matej | last2=Jelić | first2=Dušan | last3=Žutinić | first3=Petar | last4=Grandjean | first4=Frédéric | last5=Jelić | first5=Mišel | journal=Knowledge & Management of Aquatic Ecosystems | issue=419 | page=11 | doi-access=free }}</ref>
* ''[[Phoxinus oxyrhynchus]]'' <small>([[Tamezo Mori|T. Mori]], 1930)</small>
* ''[[Phoxinus phoxinus]]'' <small>([[Carl Linnaeus|Linnaeus]], [[10th edition of Systema Naturae|1758]])</small> (Eurasian minnow)
* ''[[Phoxinus semotilus]]'' <small>([[David Starr Jordan|D. S. Jordan]] & [[Edwin Chapin Starks|Starks]], 1905)</small>
* ''[[Phoxinus septimaniae]]'' <small>[[Maurice Kottelat|Kottelat]], 2007</small>
* ''[[Phoxinus steindachneri]]'' <small>[[Henri Émile Sauvage|Sauvage]], 1883</small>
* ''[[Phoxinus strandjae]]'' <small>[[Pencho Drensky|Drensky]], 1926</small> (Bulgarian minnow)
* ''[[Phoxinus strymonicus]]'' <small>[[Maurice Kottelat|Kottelat]], 2007</small> (Aegean minnow)
* ''[[Phoxinus tchangi]]'' <small>[[Chen Xiao-Yong|X. Y. Chen]], 1988</small>
* ''[[Phoxinus ujmonensis]]'' <small>[[Nicholas Feofanovich Kaschenko|Kaschenko]], 1899</small>
==References==
{{Reflist}}
{{Taxonbar|from=Q311561}}
{{Authority control}}
[[Category:Phoxinus| ]]
[[Category:Taxa named by Constantine Samuel Rafinesque]]
[[Category:Freshwater fish genera]]