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{{short description|Rural locality in Arkhangelsk Oblast, Russia}}
{{Infobox Russian inhabited locality
|en_name=Pinega
|ru_name=Пинега
|image_skyline=Пинега8.jpg
|image_caption=
|coordinates = {{coord|64|42|00|N|43|23|42|E|display=inline,title}}
|map_label_position=right
|image_coa=Pinega COA (Arkhangelsk Governorate) (1780).png
|coa_caption=The coat of arms of Pinega as established in 1780
|image_flag=
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|anthem=
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|federal_subject=[[Arkhangelsk Oblast]]
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|adm_district_jur=[[Pinezhsky District]]
|adm_district_jur_ref=<ref name="OKATO">{{OKATO reference|11 248 827 007}}</ref>
|adm_selsoviet_jur=Pinezhsky Selsoviet
|adm_selsoviet_jur_ref=<ref name="OKATO" />
|adm_ctr_of=Pinezhsky Selsoviet
|adm_ctr_of_ref=<ref name="OKATO" />
|inhabloc_cat=Rural locality
|inhabloc_cat_ref=<ref name="OKATO" />
|inhabloc_type=''[[Village#Russia|Settlement]]''
|inhabloc_type_ref=<ref name="OKATO" />
|mun_data_as_of=February 2010
|mun_district_jur=Pinezhsky Municipal District
|mun_district_jur_ref=<ref name="ArkhangelskO_mun">{{RussiaAdmMunRef|ark|mun|list}}</ref>
|rural_settlement_jur=Pinezhskoye Rural Settlement
|rural_settlement_jur_ref=<ref name="ArkhangelskO_mun" />
|mun_admctr_of=Pinezhskoye Rural Settlement
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|pop_2010census=3225
|pop_2010census_ref=<ref name="2010Census">{{ru-pop-ref|2010Census}}</ref>
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|date=August 2011
}}
'''Pinega''' ({{lang|ru|Пинега}}) is a [[types of inhabited localities in Russia|rural locality]] (a settlement), formerly a town, in [[Pinezhsky District]] of [[Arkhangelsk Oblast]], Russia, located on the right bank of the [[Pinega River]] (hence the name). It serves as the administrative center of Pinezhsky Selsoviet, one of the seventeen selsoviets into which the district is [[subdivisions of Russia#Administrative divisions|administratively divided]]. [[Subdivisions of Russia#Municipal divisions|Municipally]], it is the administrative center of [[Pinezhskoye Rural Settlement]], one of the fifteen rural settlements in the district. Population: {{ru-census|p2010=3,225|p2002=3,763|p1989=4,401}}.
==History==
[[File:Travels of a naturalist in northern Europe, Norway, 1871, Archangel, 1872, Petchora, 1875 (1905) (14565879019).jpg|thumb|View of the station house in old Pinega. Photo from ''Travels of a naturalist in northern Europe, Norway, 1871, Archangel, 1872, Petchora, 1875'' by J. A. Harvie-Brown, published 1905.]]
Pinega was known from 17th century as the [[pogost]] of Pinezhsky Volok. In the course of the [[administrative divisions of Russia in 1708–1710|administrative reform]] performed in 1708 by [[Peter the Great]] the area was included into [[Archangelgorod Governorate]], with the creation of [[Kevrolsky Uyezd]]. The center of the uyezd was located in [[Kevrola]], now a village. In 1780, the Governorate was abolished and transformed into [[Vologda Viceroyalty]], with the creation of [[Pinezhsky Uyezd]] in place of the Kevrolsky Uyezd. The center of the uyezd was Pinega, which thereby became a town. In 1796, Pinezhsky Uyezd moved into the [[Arkhangelsk Governorate]]. In 1897, the population of Pinega was 992.<ref name="gr">{{cite book|title=Энциклопедия Города России|year=2003|publisher=Большая Российская Энциклопедия|location=Moscow|isbn=5-7107-7399-9|page=548}}</ref> In 1925 the town of Pinega, while still being the center of the uyezd, was downgraded to a [[types of inhabited localities in Russia|selo]], and in February 1927, Pinezhsky Uyezd was abolished and merged into [[Arkhangelsky Uyezd]].
During [[Russian Civil War]] in 1918, battles were fought between the Red Army and British troops in Pinega and around. For a short period, Pinega was occupied by British and American troops.
In 1929, several governorates were merged into [[Northern Krai]]. July 15,&nbsp;1929 the uyezds were abolished, and Pinezhsky District was established. Pinezhsky District became a part of the [[Arkhangelsk Okrug]] of the Northern Krai. In 1930, the Okrug was abolished, and the district became subordinate to the central administration of the Northern Krai. In 1936, the Krai was transformed into [[Northern Oblast (1936–1937)|Northern Oblast]]. In 1937, Northern Oblast was split into Arkhangelsk Oblast and Vologda Oblast. Then, in 1959, Karpogorsky and Pinezhsky Districts were merged into one district with the administrative center located in Karpogory.<ref name="arxiv">{{cite web|url=http://guides.rusarchives.ru/browse/guidebook.html?bid=79&sid=185080|title=АДМИНИСТРАТИВНО-ТЕРРИТОРИАЛЬНОЕ ДЕЛЕНИЕ АРХАНГЕЛЬСКОЙ ГУБЕРНИИ В XVIII-XX вв. * (СПРАВКА)|year=2000|publisher=Архивы России|language=Russian|accessdate=27 July 2011|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110724083217/http://guides.rusarchives.ru/browse/guidebook.html?bid=79&sid=185080|archivedate=July 24, 2011|df=mdy-all}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.pinezhye.ru/?page=186|script-title=ru:Пинежский муниципальный район|publisher=Администрация МО Пинежский район|language=Russian|accessdate=1 August 2011}}</ref>
From 1960 to 1993 Pinega was an [[types of inhabited localities in Russia|urban-type settlement]], after which it was downgraded to a rural type settlement again.<ref name="gr"/>
==Economy==
===Transportation===
The Pinega River is navigable below the village of Sogra, although there is no regular passenger navigation. Pinega is located at the point where the river sharply turns south-west. At this point, it passes several kilometers from the course of the [[Kuloy River (White Sea)|Kuloy River]]. In 1926—1928 a [[Kuloy–Pinega Canal|canal]] connecting the Pinega with the Kuloy was constructed, however, currently the canal is pretty much neglected.
An important road (unpaved) along the right bank of the Pinega connects Arkhangelsk with the valley of the [[Mezen River|Mezen]]. From this road, another one, also unpaved, branches off and follows the Pinega to [[Karpogory]], the village of [[Zanyukhcha]], and then crosses the border with the [[Komi Republic]] to the timber production settlements.
==Culture and recreation==
[[File:Pinega cave.jpg|thumb|The Pinega cave]]
{{convert|15|km|sp=us}} from Pinega, in the village of [[Maletino, Pinezhsky District, Arkhangelsk Oblast|Maletino]], there is [[Krasnogorsky Monastery]] which is classified as cultural and historical heritage by Russian Federal law.{{RKN_base}} The monastery is neglected.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.gazetamir.ru/Tourism/%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%80%D1%8C/tabid/92/Default.aspx|script-title=ru:Красногорский Богородицкий монастырь|publisher=Мир Информации и Рекламы|language=Russian|accessdate=2 August 2011|location=[[Mirny, Arkhangelsk Oblast|Mirny]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110929183238/http://gazetamir.ru/Tourism/%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%80%D1%8C/tabid/92/Default.aspx|archive-date=September 29, 2011|url-status=dead}}</ref>
The District Museum of the Pinezhsky District is located in Pinega.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.museum.ru/M940|script-title=ru:Пинежский краеведческий музей|publisher=Российская сеть культурного наследия|language=Russian|accessdate=August 2, 2011}}</ref>
Downstream from Pinega there are karst caves which are a major tourist attraction. The [[karst]] landscape of the right bank of the Pinega River is protected in [[Pinezhsky Nature Reserve]].
==References==
===Notes===
{{Reflist}}
===Sources===
*{{RussiaAdmMunRef|ark|adm|law}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=August 2012}}
{{Rural localities in Pinezhsky District}}
{{Authority control}}
[[Category:Rural localities in Pinezhsky District]]
[[Category:Pinezhsky Uyezd]]