View source for Pinus armandii var. mastersiana

{{Short description|Variety of conifer}}
{{Infraspeciesbox
| name = Taiwan high mountain pine
| image = Pinus armandii var mastersiana, Aowanda Forest, Nantou County, Taiwan 1.jpg
| image_caption = An individual in the [[Aowanda National Forest Recreation Area|Aowanda Forest]], [[Nantou County]], [[Taiwan]]
| status = EN
| status_system = IUCN3.1
| status_ref = <ref name=IUCN>{{cite journal | doi=10.2305/iucn.uk.2013-1.rlts.t34181a2849535.en | title=Pinus armandii var. Mastersiana |last=Farjon |first=A. |journal=The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species |year=2013 |page=e.T34181A2849535 | orig-year=2011 |doi-access=free }}</ref>
| genus = Pinus
| species = armandii
| varietas = mastersiana
| authority = Hayata, 1908
| synonyms = • ''Pinus mastersiana'' <small>Hayata,1908</small>
• ''Pinus armandii subsp. mastersiana'' <small>(Hayata) Businský, 1999</small>
}}
'''''Pinus armandii var. mastersiana''''' ([[Chinese language|Chinese]]: 台湾果松 or 台灣華山松, [[Japanese language|Japanese]]: タカネゴヨウ), also known by the common names of the '''Taiwan high mountain pine''', '''Taiwan mountain pine''',<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Pinus armandii var. mastersiana (台湾果松) description - The Gymnosperm Database |url=https://www.conifers.org/pi/Pinus_armandii_mastersiana.php |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=www.conifers.org}}</ref> or '''Masters' pine''',<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=Pinus armandii - Trees and Shrubs Online |url=https://www.treesandshrubsonline.org/articles/pinus/pinus-armandii/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=www.treesandshrubsonline.org}}</ref> is a rare [[Variety (botany)|variety]] of ''[[Pinus armandii]]'' in the family [[Pinaceae]] that is [[Endemism|endemic]] to portions of [[Regions of Taiwan|northern]] and [[Regions of Taiwan|central]] [[Taiwan]].<ref name=":0" />
== Etymology ==
''Pinus armandii var. mastersiana'' was named in honor of [[British people|British]] [[Botany|botanist]] [[Maxwell T. Masters]], who was a well-known [[conifer]] expert up until he went into [[teratology]].<ref name=":1" />
Two of its common names (''Taiwan high mountain pine'', and the ''Taiwan mountain pine''),<ref name=":0" /> derive from its [[Habitat|natural habitat]]; being [[Mountain|mountainous]] [[Woodland|woodlands]] and [[terrain]].<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |title=Pinus armandii var. mastersiana {{!}} Threatened Conifers of the World (en-GB) |url=https://threatenedconifers.rbge.org.uk/conifers/pinus-armandii-var.-mastersiana |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=threatenedconifers.rbge.org.uk}}</ref>
== Description ==
[[File:Pinus armandii var. mastersiana Sosna Armanda odm. Mastersa 2007-08-11 03.jpg|left|thumb|Immature cone details]]
Individuals on average reach a [[Altitude (triangle)|height]] of 20 m (65.61 ft.) tall, and around 100 cm (3.28 ft.) [[Diameter at breast height|dbh]]. [[Branch|Branches]] and [[Branchlet|branchlets]] spread out in a wide, horizontal manner. [[Pine|Needles]] are in [[Fascicle (botany)|fascicles]] of 5, and are a bright green color. [[Conifer cone|Cones]] are 10-20 cm (3.93-7.87 in.) long, reddish brown to brown, and 8 cm (3.14 in.) in [[diameter]]. [[Seed|Seeds]] are 8-12 mm (0.31-0.47 in.) long, wingless, and of an [[Oval|ovoid]] shape.<ref name=":0" />
== Distribution and habitat ==
''Pinus armandii var. mastersiana'' is [[Endemism|endemic]] to parts of [[Regions of Taiwan|northern]] and [[Regions of Taiwan|central]] [[Taiwan]], where it grows at upward [[Elevation|elevations]] of 2,300-3,000 m.<ref name=":0" /> Specifically, the [[Variety (botany)|variety]] is seen near the [[Alishan Range|Alishan mountain range]], and [[Yu Shan|Mt. Yu Shan]]. Its [[habitat]] is made up of [[grassland]], [[woodland]], and [[Rock (geology)|rocky]] [[terrain]] dominated by ''[[Tsuga chinensis]], [[Pinus taiwanensis]]'', ''[[Acer morrisonense]], [[Rhododendron rubropilosum|Rhododendron]]'' [[Rhododendron rubropilosum|''rubropilosum'']]'','' ''[[Viburnum parvifolium]]'', and various ''[[Chamaecyparis|Chamaecyparis spp.]]<ref name=":2" />''
== Conservation ==
''Pinus armandii var. mastersiana'' is currently listed as "[[Endangered species|Endangered]]" by the [[IUCN Red List]], for local [[logging]], and [[Deforestation|wood harvesting]] have affected the variety's [[population]] greatly. It is in a steady, but rapid decline.<ref name=IUCN/>
== Uses ==
It is used for high quality [[furniture]] making in a localized environment by locals.<ref name=":2" /> It is also used as an [[Ornamental plant|ornamental tree]] for [[Botanical garden|botanical gardens]] and [[collecting|collectors]].<ref name=":1" />
== References ==
<references />{{Taxonbar|from=Q10914769}}
[[Category:IUCN Red List endangered species]]
[[Category:Pinus|armandii var. mastersiana]]
[[Category:Endemic flora of Taiwan]]
[[Category:Trees of Taiwan]]
[[Category:Plants described in 1908]]
[[Category:Species described in 1908]]