View source for Pontifical Roman Major Seminary

{{Infobox university
| name                   = Pontifical Roman Major Seminary
| native_name            = {{langx|it|Pontificio Seminario Romano Maggiore}}
| type                   = [[Major seminary]]
| established            = {{Start date and age|1565}}
| founder                = [[Pope Pius IV]]
| parent                 = [[Diocese of Rome]]
| religious_affiliation  = [[Catholic Church]]
| rector                 = [[Michele Di Tolve]]
| city                   = [[Rome]]
| country                = [[Italy]]
}}
The '''Pontifical Roman Major Seminary''' ({{Langx|it|Pontificio Seminario Romano Maggiore}}) is the [[major seminary]] of the [[Diocese of Rome]].
It is located at the [[Archbasilica of Saint John Lateran]]. Since 2017, the rector of the seminary has been Gabriele Faraghini, a priest of the [[Little Brothers of Jesus Caritas]].<ref>{{Cite web|date=2017-07-31|title=Bergoglio nomina fratel Gabriele Faraghini rettore del Pontificio Seminario romano maggiore|url=https://www.lastampa.it/vatican-insider/it/2017/07/31/news/bergoglio-nomina-fratel-gabriele-faraghini-rettore-del-pontificio-seminario-romano-maggiore-1.34460639|access-date=2021-11-11|website=lastampa.it|language=it-IT}}</ref>
==History==
The [[Council of Trent]] in its 23rd session decreed the establishment of diocesan seminaries. The '''Roman Seminary''' was established by [[Pope Pius IV]] in 1565. Although its administration was entrusted to the [[Society of Jesus]], and the pupils studied at the [[Roman College|Collegio Romano]], founded by [[Ignatius of Loyola]] in 1551, these students were intended to serve as diocesan priests in Rome, rather than join the Jesuits.<ref>''The Roman Seminary.  History of an institution of culture and devotion'', (Luigi Mezzadri, ed.),Cinisello Balsamo, Sao Paulo, 2001, {{ISBN|88-215-4521-0}}</ref> Over the course of time the Roman Seminary occupied a number of different locations.<ref name=Benigni>[http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13131a.htm Benigni, Umberto. "Roman Colleges." The Catholic Encyclopedia] Vol. 13. New York: Robert Appleton Company, 1912. 12 January 2016</ref>
The residence was changed several times before 1608, when they settled in the [[Palazzo Gabrielli-Borromeo|Palazzo Borromeo]] in the Via del Seminario (now 'Collegio Bellarmino', a residence for Jesuit priests, students at the Gregorian University). Each year, at [[Pentecost]], a student delivered a discourse on the Holy Ghost in the papal chapel.<ref name=Benigni/>
After the suppression of the Jesuits in 1773, direction of the seminary was under the care of diocesan priests and installed in the Collegio Romano of the Jesuits. After the changes in 1798 the number of the students, generally about 100, came down to 9. [[Pope Pius VII]] restored the [[Catholic seminary|seminary]] which continued to occupy the Collegio Romano until 1824, when [[Pope Leo XII]] returned this building to the [[Society of Jesus|Jesuits]] and transferred the seminary to the Palazzo di Sant'Apollinare, formerly occupied by the [[Collegium Germanicum et Hungaricum]]; the seminary, however, retained its own schools comprising a classical course, and a faculty of philosophy and theology, to which in 1856 a course of [[canon law]] was added. The direction of the seminary and, as a rule, the chairs were reserved to the [[secular clergy]]. After the departure of the Jesuits in 1848 the seminary again removed to the Collegio Romano.<ref name=Benigni/>
The Roman Seminary included not only young men who had already decided to become priests, but also younger boys still not sure of their vocation, and while the training of the former concentrated on the need for study and the practice of strict piety, the second needed a different formation, with training and pious exercises appropriate to their age.
On 29 June 1913, [[Pope Pius X]] issued the Apostolic Constitution "In præcipuis", promulgating the new regulations concerning the training of the Roman and Italian clergy. The Roman Seminary was divided into major and minor sections. The major seminary merged with the '''Pontificio Seminario Pio''' and the '''Seminario Lombardo dei SS. Ambrogio e Carlo''' and became the '''Pontificio Seminario Romano Maggiore''' (Pontifical Roman Major Seminary), with headquarters in a new building at the [[Archbasilica of Saint John Lateran]]. The law department was transferred to the '''Collegio Leoniano''', but remained a school of the Seminary. The minor seminary merged with the '''Vatican Seminary''' to form the '''Pontificio Seminario Romano Minore'''. The Lombardo was merged temporarily with the Roman Seminary from 1913 to 1920, when it was re-established as a separate college.
[[File:Roma, Pontificio Seminario Romano Minore - Esterno.jpg|thumb|Pontificio Seminario Romano Minore]]
The Collegio Cerasoli with four burses for students of the [[Diocese of Bergamo]] endowed by Cardinal Cerasoli, is connected with the seminary. The students take part in the ceremonies in the church of the Seminario Pio.
Gregory XV, Clement IX, Innocent XIII, Clement XII, and John XXIII received part of their formation in this seminary.
During the Second World War, the Lateran and its related buildings provided a safe haven from the Nazis and Italian Fascists for numbers of Jews and other refugees. Among those who found shelter there were [[Alcide De Gasperi]], [[Pietro Nenni]], [[Giorgio Del Vecchio]], and others. The [[Daughters of Charity of Saint Vincent de Paul]] and the sixty orphan refugees they cared for were ordered to leave their convent on the Via Carlo Emanuele. The [[Sisters of Charity of Saints Bartolomea Capitanio and Vincenza Gerosa (SCCG)|Sisters of Maria Bambina]], who staffed the kitchen at the Pontifical Major Roman Seminary offered a wing of their convent. The grounds also housed Italian soldiers.<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=013pJv7zwW4C&dq=pontifical+roman+major+seminary&pg=PA70 Marchione, Margherita. ''Yours Is a Precious Witness: Memoirs of Jews and Catholics in Wartime Italy'', Paulist Press, 2001] {{ISBN|9780809140329}}</ref> Fathers [[Vincenzo Fagiolo]] and [[Pietro Palazzini]], vice-rector of the seminary, were recognized by Yad Vashem for their efforts to assistance Jews.<ref>[http://db.yadvashem.org/righteous/family.html?language=en&itemId=4043709 "Palazzini", the righteous among the Nations, Yad Vashem]</ref><ref>[http://db.yadvashem.org/righteous/family.html?language=en&itemId=4043695 "Fagiolo", The Righteous Among the Nations, Yad Vashem]</ref>
On 28 October 1958, the election of Angelo Roncalli, a former pupil of the Roman Seminary, as [[Pope John XXIII]] was a source of joy for the seminary community.  [[John XXIII]] expressed his appreciation and support for the Seminary by visiting it on 27 November 1958, just one month after his election as Pope.
In 2013 the enrollment was seventy seminarians.<ref>[http://www.osservatoreromano.va/en/news/priests-for-rome "Priests for Rome", ''L'Osservatore Romano'', 9 February 2013]</ref> The course of study is six years. The first two years correspond to philosophy studies oriented to self-understanding and discernment, and to understanding the self and the vocation. In the third year the seminarian takes the formal decision to enter Orders. In the remaining three years (lectorate, acolythate, diaconate) the role of the pastor is gradually emphasized. Twice a week students participate in pastoral activities in Rome in parishes, hospitals, prisons, and centers of assistance.<ref>[https://www.ewtn.com/library/PRIESTS/rectromsem.htm "Interview with the Rector of the Roman Major Seminary", L'Osservatore Romano'', 13 February 2008, p. 2]</ref>
==Our Lady of Trust==
The patroness of the Pontifical Major Roman Seminary is the Blessed Virgin Mary under the title [[Our Lady of Confidence]]. [[Pope John Paul II]] started the custom of a papal visit to the seminary on her [[feast day]], the last Saturday before Lent.<ref>[http://www.seminarioromano.it/home/la-storia/ "Madonna Della Fiducia", Pontificio Seminario Romano Maggiore]</ref>
==See also==
* [[List of Jesuit sites]]
==References==
{{Reflist}}
;Attribution
{{Catholic|wstitle=Roman Colleges}}
==External links==
* [http://www.seminarioromano.it/ Pontificio Seminario Romano Maggiore]
* [https://w2.vatican.va/content/benedict-xvi/en/speeches/2013/february/documents/hf_ben-xvi_spe_20130208_seminario-romano-mag.html Pope Benedict XVI, ''Lectio Divina'' at the Pontifical Major Roman Seminary, 8 February 2013]
More information on the Seminary (Pontificio Seminario Romano Maggiore) and its history is available at its website in Italian @ http://www.seminarioromano.it/ and in English translation @ https://translate.google.com/translate?hl=en&sl=it&u=http://www.seminarioromano.it/&ei=W9AAT4X2L8HX0QGdspC5Ag
{{Papacy}}
{{Holy See}}
{{Authority control}}
[[Category:Roman Colleges|Roman]]
[[Category:Seminaries and theological colleges]]