View source for Pyrgini

{{Short description|Tribe of butterflies}}
{{Automatic Taxobox
| image = Pyrgus oileus.jpg
| image_caption = Tropical checkered skipper, ''[[Pyrgus oileus]]''
| taxon = Pyrgini
| authority = [[Hermann Burmeister|Burmeister]], 1878
}}
[[File:Celotes DSC00939a.jpg| thumb|''Celotes'', streaky-skippers, Oklahoma]]
The '''Pyrgini''' are a [[tribe (biology)|tribe]] in the [[skipper butterfly]] [[subfamily]] [[Pyrginae]]. Formerly, when only four tribes of Pyrginae were recognized, the Pyrgini contained the largest number of [[genera]] among these. But this overly wide delimitation has since turned out to be [[paraphyletic]].<ref name = bw07>Brower & Warren (2007)</ref>
One of the traditional Pyrginae tribes, the Eudamini, had to be raised to subfamily rank as [[Eudaminae]].  Some genera now in the Eudaminae were placed in the Pyrgini in earlier times. In addition, a number of additional tribes &ndash; [[Achlyodidini]], [[Carcharodini]] and [[Erynnini]] &ndash; are now usually recognized again. These are close relatives of the Pyrgini ''[[sensu stricto]]'', and may just as well be included in them as they used to be: together they do still form a [[monophyletic]] group. Most authors prefer to keep them separate however, as each is an [[apomorph]]ic and [[biogeographic]]ally distinct lineage of the Pyrgini ''[[sensu lato]]''. Of these newly recognized tribes, the Achlyodidini are closest to the Pyrgini, but conspicuously differ from the latter in their unusually-shaped wings.<ref name = bw07 />
==Genera==
The genera of the Pyrgini, after genomic research published in 2019, are:<ref name=Li2019/><ref name = bw07 /><ref name=Pelham2021/>
{{Div col|colwidth=22em}}
* ''[[Anisochoria]]'' <small>Mabille, 1877</small>
* ''[[Antigonus (butterfly)|Antigonus]]'' <small>Hübner, 1819</small>
* ''[[Bralus]]'' <small>Grishin, 2019</small><ref name="Cong">{{Cite journal |last1=Cong |first1=Qian |last2=Zhang |first2=Jing |last3=Shen |first3=Jinhui |last4=Grishin |first4=Nick V. |date=2019-11-06 |title=Fifty new genera of Hesperiidae (Lepidoptera) |journal=Insecta Mundi |volume=2019 |pages=0731 |doi=10.5281/zenodo.3677235 |issn=0749-6737 |pmc=8791444 |pmid=35087260}}</ref>
* ''[[Burnsius]]'' <small>Grishin, 2019</small> (New World checkered-skippers)
* ''[[Canesia]]'' <small>Grishin, 2019</small><ref name="Cong" />
* ''[[Carrhenes]]'' <small>Godman & Salvin, 1895</small>
* ''[[Celotes]]'' <small>Godman & Salvin, 1899</small> (streaky-skippers)
* ''[[Chirgus]]'' <small>Grishin, 2019</small>
* ''[[Clito (genus)|Clito]]'' <small>Evans, 1953</small>
* ''[[Diaeus (butterfly)|Diaeus]]'' <small>Godman & Salvin, 1895</small>
* ''[[Eracon]]'' <small>Godman & Salvin, 1894</small>
* ''[[Heliopetes]]'' <small>Billberg, 1820</small> (white-skippers)
* ''[[Onenses]]'' <small>Godman & Salvin, 1895</small>
* ''[[Paches]]'' <small>Godman & Salvin, 1895</small>
* ''[[Plumbago (butterfly)|Plumbago]]'' <small>Evans, 1953</small>
* ''[[Pseudodrephalys]]'' <small>Burns, 1998</small>
* ''[[Pyrgus]]'' <small>Hübner, 1819</small> (checkered-skippers)
* ''[[Santa (butterfly)|Santa]]'' <small>Grishin, 2019</small><ref name="Cong" />
* ''[[Spioniades]]'' <small>Hübner, 1819</small>
* ''[[Systasea]]'' <small>W. H. Edwards, 1877</small> (powdered-skippers)
* ''[[Trina (butterfly)|Trina]]'' <small>Evans, 1953</small>
* ''[[Xenophanes (skipper)|Xenophanes]]'' <small>Godman & Salvin, 1895</small>
* ''[[Zobera]]'' <small>Freeman, 1970</small>
* ''[[Zopyrion (butterfly)|Zopyrion]]'' <small>Godman & Salvin, 1896</small>
{{div col end}}
==Footnotes==
{{Reflist|refs=
<ref name=Li2019>
{{Cite journal
| title = Genomes of skipper butterflies reveal extensive convergence of wing patterns
| date = 2019
| last1 = Li | first1 = Wenlin
| last2 = Cong | first2 = Qian
| last3 = Shen | first3 = Jinhui
| last4 = Zhang | first4 = Jing
| last5 = Hallwachs | first5 = Winnie
| last6 = Janzen | first6 = Daniel H.
| last7 = Grishin | first7 = Nick V.
| display-authors = 4
| journal = Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
| volume = 116| issue = 13
| pages = 6232–6237
| doi = 10.1073/pnas.1821304116
| pmid = 30877254
| pmc = 6442542
| bibcode = 2019PNAS..116.6232L
| doi-access = free
}}</ref>
<ref name=Pelham2021>
{{Cite report
| title = A Catalogue of the Butterflies of the United States and Canada
| date = 2021
| last1 = Pelham | first1 = Jonathan P.
| url = http://butterfliesofamerica.com/US-Can-Cat.htm
}}</ref>
}}
==References==
{{commons category}}
* {{aut|Brower, Andrew V.Z. & Warren, Andrew}} (2007): [[Tree of Life Web Project]] &ndash; [http://tolweb.org/Pyrgini/95263 Pyrgini]. Version of 2007-MAR-04. Retrieved 2009-DEC-26.
{{Taxonbar|from=Q3373168}}
[[Category:Pyrgini| ]]
[[Category:Pyrginae|*]]
[[Category:Taxa named by Hermann Burmeister]]
[[Category:Butterfly tribes]]
[[Category:Taxa described in 1878]]
{{Pyrginae-stub}}