View source for Qaid

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[[File:In Morocco (1920) (14595532860).jpg|thumb|A clan of mountaineers and their qaid (''In Morocco'' (1920) by [[Edith Wharton]])]]
'''Qaid''' ({{langx |ar|قائد}} ''{{transl|ar|DIN|qāʾid}}'', "commander"; pl. ''{{transl|ar|DIN|qaada}}''), also spelled '''kaid''' or '''caïd''', is a word meaning "commander" or "leader." It was a title in the [[Normans|Norman]] [[kingdom of Sicily]], applied to palatine officials and members of the ''curia'', usually to those who were [[Muslims]] or converts to [[Islam]]. The word entered the [[Latin language]] as ''gaitus'' or ''gaytus''. Later the word was used in North Africa for the governor of a fortress or the warden of a prison, also in Spain and Portugal in the form with the definite article "'''alcayde'''" or "'''alcaide'''".<ref name=SOD>{{cite encyclopedia |year=1974 |title =Alcayde |encyclopedia=The Shorter Oxford English Dictionary |publisher=Oxford UP }}</ref> It is also used as a male Arabic given name.
==Notable qaids==
*[[Jawhar (general)|Al-Qaid Jawhar]] (active 950–992), A [[Saqaliba|Slavic]] general who conquered the [[Maghreb]] and [[Egypt]] for the [[Fatimid Caliphate]].
*[[Al-Qa'id al-Bata'ihi]], chief of staff and successor of [[al-Afdal Shahanshah]] as vizier of the Fatimid Caliphate.
*[[Thomas Brun]] (active 1137–1154), Englishman who served Roger II of Sicily.
*[[Ahmed es-Sikeli]], known as Caid Peter (active 1160s), eunuch in the court of Sicily, confidant of Margaret of Navarre.
*[[Richard the Qaid]] (died 1187), Great Chamberlain under William I of Sicily and Margaret of Navarre.
*[[Jan Janszoon|Murat Reis the younger]] 17th Century Dutch renegado appointed Caid over the region including the kasbah of El-[[Oualidia]], the port of [[Safi, Morocco|Saffia]], and Maladia (''Muladie'') by the [[Saadi dynasty|Sultan of Morocco]].
*[[Harry Aubrey de Vere Maclean|Sir Harry MacLean]] (1848–1920), Scottish soldier, and instructor to the Moroccan Army.
*[[Thami El Glaoui]] (1879–1956), one of the Lords of the Atlas.
*[[Mbarek Bekkay]] (1907-1961), first Prime minister of Morocco, who was the qaid of [[Bni Drar]].
*[[Grands caids]], Berber feudal rulers of southern quarter of Morocco under the French Protectorate.
*[[Muhammad Ali Jinnah]] (1876–1948), was given the title of Qaid-Azam or "The Great Leader" as the founder of Pakistan.
==People with the given name==
*[[Qaid ibn Hammad]] (1028–1045), ruler of Algeria
*Kaid, nickname of [[Andrew Belton]], (1882—1970), British Army officer active in Morocco
*[[Kaïd Ahmed]] (1921–1978), Algerian nationalist and politician
*[[Béji Caïd Essebsi]] (1926–2019), Elected Tunisian president
*[[Qaidjoher Ezzuddin|Al-Qaid Joher Izz al-Din]] (1942), Indian Islamic Leader
*[[Kaid Mohamed]] (born 1984), Welsh footballer
==Alcaide as surname==
*[[Anselmo Pardo Alcaide]] (1913-1977), Spanish entomologist.
*[[Chris Alcaide]] (1922–2004) American actor
*[[Carmen Alcayde]] (born 1973), Spanish TV presenter and actress
*[[David Alcaide]] (born 1978), Spanish pool player
*[[Guillermo Alcaide]] (born 1986), Spanish tennis player
*[[Ana Alcaide]] (born 1976), Spanish musician
==Places==
* [[Draâ El-Kaïd]], town in Algeria
* Alcaide, [[Fundão, Portugal|Fundão]], town in Portugal
==Other uses==
*Alkaid or Elkeid, traditional name of Arabic origin for star [[Eta Ursae Majoris]]
*[[USS Alkaid (AK-114)|USS ''Alkaid'' (AK-114)]], U.S. Navy ship named after the star
*[[Qaid (film)|''Qaid'' (film)]], 1975 Hindi film starring Leena Chandavarkar and Kamini Kaushal
*''[[Umar Qaid]]'', 1975 Hindi Bollywood action film
*The Kingdom of Caid, [[Society for Creative Anachronism]], encompasses Southern California, the Las Vegas metropolitan area, and Hawaii.
*[[Khuddamul Ahmadiyya]] chapter leaders are called Qaid. The Qaid in this terminology is a Muslim youth leader who guides his local [[khuddam]] in services to faith and nation.
*In the game ''[[Tom Clancy's Rainbow Six Siege]]'', an operator has the name 'Kaid', with the ability to electrify defenses with his unique gadget.
*In the 1965 science fiction novel ''[[Dune (novel)|Dune]]'', a 'Caid' is a Sardaukar officer assigned to deal with civilians.
==References==
{{reflist}}
{{commons category|Qaids}}
[[Category:Arabic-language masculine given names]]
[[Category:Masculine given names]]
[[Category:Sicilian Arabs]]
[[Category:Arabic words and phrases]]
[[Category:Kingdom of Sicily]]