View source for REP 1

<!-- This article is a part of [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Aircraft]]. Please see [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Aircraft/page content]] for recommended layout. -->
{| {{Infobox Aircraft Begin
|name=R.E.P. 1
|image=Esnault-Pelterie airplane 1906.jpg
|caption=R.E.P. 1 of 1906 preserved at the [[Musée des Arts et Métiers]] in Paris.
}}{{Infobox Aircraft Type
|type=Experimental aircraft
|manufacturer=[[Robert Esnault-Pelterie]]
|designer=[[Robert Esnault-Pelterie]]
|first flight=19 October [[1907 in aviation|1907]]
|introduced=
|retired=
|status=
|primary user=
|more users=
|produced=
|number built=2
|variants with their own articles=
}}
|}
The '''Esnault-Pelterie R.E.P. 1''' and the '''R.E.P. 2''' were experimental aircraft built and flown in France in the early twentieth century by [[Robert Esnault-Pelterie]]. These aircraft are historically significant because they were the first to employ a [[joystick]] as their main flight control.
== R.E.P. 1 ==
[[File:R.E.P. 1.jpg|thumb|The R.E.P. 1 in 1907]]
The REP 1 was a  single-seat [[tractor configuration]] [[monoplane]]  powered by a {{convert|30|hp|kW|disp=flip|abbr=on}} seven-cylinder two-row semi-radial engine<ref name="Pearce">{{cite web|last1=Pearce|first1=William|title=R.E.P/ Fan (Semi-Radial) Aircraft Engines|url=https://oldmachinepress.com/2014/09/04/r-e-p-fan-semi-radial-engines/|website=oldmachinepress.com|accessdate=17 May 2016}}</ref> driving a four-bladed propeller with aluminium blades rivetted to steel tubes.  The [[fuselage]] was made largely of steel tubing covered in varnished silk and the wings of wood.  An elongated triangular fixed horizontal stabiliser was mounted on top of the rear fuselage with a rectangular [[elevator (aircraft)|elevator]] mounted on the trailing edge, and a fixed fin and rudder were mounted under the fuselage.  Lateral control was effected by [[wing-warping]]. The  main landing gear consisted of a single centrally mounted wheel mounted on a pneumatic damper, with a small tailwheel mounted on the rudder. Large outrigger wheels were fitted to the tips of the wings, which featured marked [[Dihedral (aircraft)#Anhedral|anhedral]].<ref>{{cite journal|journal=L'Aérophile|title=Les Premiers Assis Publics d'Aéroplane Esnault-Pelterie|date=October 1907  |page = 289|language =French|url=http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k6551462k/f299.image|accessdate = 9 December 2013}}</ref>
Esnault-Pelterie began testing the R.E.P. 1 in September 1907, initially flying the aircraft as a [[Glider aircraft|glider]] before attempting powered flights. Throughout October, these flights became increasingly successful.
The R.E.P. 1 is preserved at the [[Musée des Arts et Métiers]] in Paris.
== R.E.P. 2 ==
[[File:Esnault-Pelterie REP2.jpg|thumb|The R.E.P. 2 in 1908]]
[[File:R.E.P. 2.png|thumb|The R.E.P. 2 in 1909]]
The R.E.P. 2 differed from the R.E.P. 1 in having a slightly different undercarriage (of the same general arrangement)  in addition to a large ventral [[balanced rudder]].
Tests with the R.E.P. 2 commenced in June 1908, and on 8 June a flight of {{convert|1200|m|ft|abbr=on}} was made, reaching an altitude of 30&nbsp;m (100&nbsp;ft), setting a height and distance record for monoplanes.<ref>{{cite journal|journal=L'Aérophile|language=French|title= Experiences de M. R. Esnault-Pelterie  |date=15 June 1908 |accessdate=9 December 2012|url=http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k6550620m/f236.image}}</ref> The aircraft was then  modified by the addition of a trapezoidal dorsal fin, to create the '''R.E.P. ''bis'''''. In this form, piloted by M. Châteaux, it won the third Ae.C.F. prize for a flight of over 200 metres on 21 November 1908, with an officially observed flight of {{convert| 316|m|ft|abbr=on}}.<ref>{{cite journal|journal=L'Aérophile|language=French|title=Le Monoplan R.E.P bis gagne le 3e Prix de 200 metres |date=1 December 1908|page=479 |accessdate=9 December 2012|url= http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k6550620m/f489.image}}</ref> It was then exhibited at the Paris Aero Salon in December 1908 and at the Aero Show at [[Olympia (London)|Olympia in London]] in 1909.  It was entered for the ''[[Grande Semaine d'Aviation]]'' in [[Reims]] in August 1909, but Esnault-Pelterie did not compete there owing to an injury to his hand.<ref>{{citation |url=http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1909/1909%20-%200502.html |title=Rheims Aero Meeting|journal= [[Flight International|Flight]] |date=21 August 1909 |page=504}}</ref>
== Specifications (R.E.P. 1) ==
{{Aircraft specs
| ref=''[[l'Aérophile]]'', October 1907, pp. 290-1
|prime units? = met
| crew=1
| length m=6.85
| length ft=22
| length in=6
| span m=9.60
| span ft=31
| span in=6
| wing area sqm=18.0
| wing area sqft=194
| empty weight kg=230
| gross weight kg=507
| eng1 number=1
| eng1 name=R.E.P. 7-cylinder two-row semi-radial [[piston engine]]
| eng1 kw=<!-- prop engines -->22
| eng1 hp=<!-- prop engines -->30
| max speed kmh=60
| max speed mph=37
}}
<!-- ==See also== -->
{{aircontent
<!-- include as many lines are appropriate. additional lines/entries with carriage return. -->
| see also=
| related=<!-- related developments -->
| similar aircraft=<!-- similar or comparable aircraft -->
| lists=<!-- related lists -->
}}
==Notes ==
{{reflist}}
==References==
* [[Charles Harvard Gibbs-Smith|Gibbs-Smith, C. H]]. ''Aviation''. London: NMSI, 2003 {{ISBN|1 900747 52 9}}.
* [[Leonard E. Opdycke|Opdycke. Leonard E.]] ''French Aeroplanes before the Great War''. Atglen, PA: Schiffer, 1999 {{ISBN|0-7643-0752-5}}
* Taylor, M. J. H. ''Jane's Encyclopedia of Aviation''. London: Studio Editions, 1989 p. 351
* ''World Aircraft Information Files''.  London: Bright Star, File 893 Sheet 06
<!-- ==External links== -->
{{Esnault-Pelterie aircraft}}
[[Category:1900s French experimental aircraft]]
[[Category:REP aircraft]]
[[Category:High-wing aircraft]]
[[Category:Single-engined tractor aircraft]]
[[Category:Aircraft first flown in 1907]]
[[Category:Aircraft first flown in 1908]]