View source for Research and Development Institute of Mechanical Engineering

{{Short description|Subsidiary of Roscosmos}}
{{Infobox company
| name = NIIMash
| logo = Research_and_Development_Institute_of_Mechanical_Engineering_logo.png
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| native_name = ФГУП «Научно-исследовательский институт машиностроения»
| native_name_lang =  ru  <!-- Use ISO 639-1 code, e.g. "fr" for French. For multiple names in different languages, use {{lang|[code]|[name]}}. -->
| romanized_name = FSUE “Research and Development Institute of Mechanical Engineering”
| former_name = OKB-2
| type = [[Federal State Unitary Enterprise]]
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| industry = {{ublist |Liquid [[rocket engine]] manufacturing| Development, production and operation of the bench test equipment| production of air separation products and liquefied natural gas| }}
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| predecessor = [[Keldysh Research Center|NII-1]] of [[Moscow]]       <!-- or: | predecessors = -->
| successor =           <!-- or: | successors = -->
| founded = {{start date|1958|09|01 }} in [[Soviet Union]]<!-- if known: {{start date|YYYY|MM|DD}} in [[city]], [[country]] -->
| founder = Mikhail G. Mironov            <!-- or: | founders = -->
| defunct =             <!-- {{end date|YYYY|MM|DD}} -->
| hq_location = Builders Street 72 ([[Russian language|Russian]]: {{lang|ru|ул. Строителей, 72}})
| hq_location_city = [[Nizhnyaya Salda]], [[Sverdlovsk Oblast]]
| hq_location_country = [[Russia]]
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| key_people = Anatoly Long, ''Director of the Institute''<br />Adolf I. Razzhigaev ''Chief Engineer''
| products = {{ublist |[[11D428|11D428A-16]] |[[17D58|17D58E]] [[17D16]]}}
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| parent = [[Roscosmos]]<ref name="pravo">{{cite web|title=О мерах по созданию Государственной корпорации по космической деятельности "Роскосмос"|url=http://pravo.gov.ru/proxy/ips/?docbody=&nd=102397340&rdk=&backlink=1|publisher=Официальный интернет-портал правовой информации|accessdate=15 April 2017}}</ref>
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| website =            {{URL|http://niimashspace.ru/|Official Website}} <!-- or: | homepage = --><!-- {{URL|example.com}} -->
| footnotes = <ref name=krc-history /><ref name=niimash-history /><ref name=niimash-management /><ref name=roscosmos-niimash />
| intl =                <!-- Set positively ("true"/"yes"/etc) if company is international, otherwise omit -->
}}
[[FSUE]] '''Research and Development Institute of Mechanical Engineering''' ([[Russian language|Russian]]: {{lang|ru|ФГУП Научно-исследовательский институт машиностроения}}), also known as '''NIIMash''', is a Russian [[rocket engine]] design and manufacturing company specialized in small thrusters. It is located in the city of [[Nizhnyaya Salda]], [[Sverdlovsk Oblast]]. It started as the '''B-175''' factory of the [[Keldysh Research Center|NII-1]] research institute, where [[Mikhail G. Mironov]] directed the development of liquid rocket engines research and testing.
==Products==
NIIMash has an extensive experience in design of testing stands, measurement and control as well as certifications. They also have a line of custom built air separation plants. They also have extensive experience in rotational forming of metals. The list of space rated products is extensive and is the following:
===Current propulsion products===
Engines in current production:<ref name=aviadvigatel /><ref name=niimash-products />
*Propulsion
**'''Experimental Reactive Control System Module'''
**'''KDU 11D414NS'''
**'''[[Fobos-Grunt]] Sample Return Spacecraft Propulsion System'''
**'''Fobos-Grunt Spacecraft Thruster Modules'''
*Thrusters
**'''MD5''' ({{aka}} '''RDMT-5'''): Cold gas thruster.
**'''MD08''' (a.k.a. '''RDMT-8'''): Cold gas thrusters used on the [[Ekspress]] satellite series.
**'''MD08-02''' (a.k.a. '''RDMT-8-02'''): Cold gas thruster: Used on the Fobos-Grunt Sample Return Spacecraft.
**'''[[11D428|11D428A-16]]''' (a.k.a. '''RDMT-135M'''): {{convert|135|N|lbf|abbr=on}} N<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>/UDMH thruster. Used on the [[KTDU-80]].
**'''[[11D428AF-16]]''': N<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>/UDMH thrusters used by the Fobos-Grunt space mission.
**'''11D457''': {{convert|53.9|N|lbf|abbr=on}} N<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>/UDMH thrusters used by the [[Resurs-DK No.1]].
**'''11D457F''': {{convert|54|N|lbf|abbr=on}} N<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>/UDMH thrusters used by the Fobos-Grunt space mission.
**'''11D458''' (a.k.a. '''RDMT-400'''): {{convert|392|N|lbf|abbr=on}} N<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>/UDMH thrusters used by the [[Functional Cargo Block#Functional Cargo Blocks|Functional Cargo Block]] based modules and the [[Briz-M|Briz]] upper stage.<ref name=ea-rdmt400 />
**'''11D458F''' (a.k.a. '''RDMT-400F'''): {{convert|382|N|lbf|abbr=on}} N<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>/UDMH thrusters used by the Fobos-Grunt space mission.
**'''11D458M''' (a.k.a. '''RDMT-400M'''): {{convert|392.4|N|lbf|abbr=on}} N<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>/UDMH thrusters used by the [[Briz-M]] upper stage.
**'''17D16''' (a.k.a. '''RDMT-200K'''): {{convert|200|N|lbf|abbr=on}} GOX/Kerosene thruster. Used the [[Buran programme|Buran]] DO thrusters.
**'''17D58E''': N<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>/UDMH thrusters used by the [[Briz-M]] upper stage.
**'''17D58EF''': N<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>/UDMH thrusters used by the Fobos-Grunt space mission.
*Experimental thursters
**'''RDMT2600''': {{convert|2.6|kN|lbf|abbr=on}} [[Ethanol]]/[[Oxygen|GOX]] thruster designed attitude control when the air density is so low that the control surfaces are ineffective.
**'''RDMT10''': {{convert|12|N|lbf|abbr=on}} thruster designed for space applications.
*Propellant tanks & high pressure gas vessels
**'''Composite high pressure Xenon storage tank''': Xenon storage unit for electric propulsion spacecraft.
**'''Composite Vessel''': General high pressure vessel used on the Fobos-Grunt mission.
**'''Monopropellant Tank with Stiff-Plastic Separation Device (Diaphragm)''': Monopropellant storage unit used on the Fobos-Grunt mission.
**'''Bipropellant Tank with Stiff-Plastic Separation Devices (Diaphragms)''': Bipropellant storage unit used on communications satellites.
*Solenoid Valves
**'''RT.200''':
**'''18RT.200''':
**'''16RT.200''':
**'''12RT.200''':
**'''6RT.200''':
*Flow stabilizers
**'''CP1''': {{convert|2.43|g|oz|abbr=on}} per second of hypergolic propellant flow.
**'''CP2''': {{convert|23.5|g|oz|abbr=on}} per second of hypergolic propellant flow.
**'''CP3''': {{convert|63|g|oz|abbr=on}}/{{convert|87|g|oz|abbr=on}}/{{convert|345|g|oz|abbr=on}}/{{convert|470|g|oz|abbr=on}} per second of hypergolic propellant flow.
**'''CP4''': {{convert|60|g|oz|abbr=on}} per second of air/nitrogen/oxygen/hydrogen flow.
===Former Propulsion Products===
Engines that are no longer produced.<ref name=ea-niimash />
*'''RDMT-0.4X''': N<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>/UDMH rocket engine.
*'''RDMT-0.8''': Nitrogen and helium cold gas thruster.
*'''RDMT-12''': N<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>/UDMH rocket engine.
*'''RDMT-50''': N<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>/UDMH rocket engine.
*'''RDMT-100''': N<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>/UDMH rocket engine.
*'''RDMT-135''' (a.k.a. '''11D428A'''): {{convert|135|N|lbf|abbr=on}} N<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>/UDMH rocket engine. Used on the [[Soyuz 7K-S]], [[KTDU-426]] and initial [[KTDU-80]].
*'''RDMT-200''': {{convert|200|N|lbf|abbr=on}} N<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>/UDMH thruster used on the [[Almaz]] space stations.<ref name=ea-rdmt200 />
*'''RDMT-400A''': Experimental version of the RDMT-200 with [[Niobium]] combustion chamber.<ref name=ea-rdmt400a />
*'''RDMT-400X''': Experimental version of the RDMT-200 with [[Carbon]] combustion chamber.<ref name=ea-rdmt400x />
==See also==
*[[Keldysh Research Center|NII-1]] &mdash; The research institute where NIIMash started.
*[[Russian Federal Space Agency]] &mdash; The corporate parent of KB KhIMMASH.
==References==
{{Reflist|30em|refs=
<ref name=aviadvigatel>{{cite web |url=https://www.scribd.com/doc/46957813/Aviadvigatel |title=Двигатели 1944-2000: Аавиационные, Ракетные, Морские, Промышленные |trans-title=Aviadvigatel 19442-2000: Aviation, rocketry, naval and industry |pages=140–144 |format=PDF |language=Russian |accessdate=2015-07-25}}</ref>
<ref name=ea-niimash>{{cite web |url=http://www.astronautix.com/mfrs/niimash.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100918072736/http://astronautix.com/mfrs/niimash.htm |url-status=dead |archive-date=September 18, 2010 |title=NII Mash |publisher=[[Encyclopedia Astronautica]] |accessdate=2015-07-30}}</ref>
<ref name=ea-rdmt200>{{cite web |url=http://www.astronautix.com/engines/rdmt200.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20020506201108/http://www.astronautix.com/engines/rdmt200.htm |url-status=dead |archive-date=May 6, 2002 |title=RDMT-200 |publisher=Encyclopedia Astronautica |accessdate=2015-07-30}}</ref>
<ref name=ea-rdmt400>{{cite web |url=http://www.astronautix.com/r/rdmt-400.html |title=RDMT-400 |publisher=Encyclopedia Astronautica |accessdate=2015-07-30}}</ref>
<ref name=ea-rdmt400a>{{cite web |url=http://www.astronautix.com/engines/rdmt400a.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20020506200902/http://www.astronautix.com/engines/rdmt400a.htm |url-status=dead |archive-date=May 6, 2002 |title=RDMT-400A |publisher=Encyclopedia Astronautica |accessdate=2015-07-30}}</ref>
<ref name=ea-rdmt400x>{{cite web |url=http://www.astronautix.com/r/rdmt-400x.html |title=RDMT-400X |publisher=Encyclopedia Astronautica |accessdate=2023-01-19}}</ref>
<ref name=krc-history>{{cite web |url=http://kerc.msk.ru/predpijatie/история |title=История  |trans-title=History |publisher=[[Keldysh Research Center]] |language=Russian |accessdate=2015-07-30}}</ref>
<ref name=niimash-products>{{cite web |url=http://niimashspace.ru/eng/index.php/production/rocket-technology |title=Products |publisher=NIIMash |accessdate=2015-07-30}}</ref>
<ref name=niimash-history>{{cite web |url=http://niimashspace.ru/index.php/2010-07-16-10-53-23/hiistory |title=История  |trans-title=History |publisher=NIIMash |language=Russian |accessdate=2015-07-30}}</ref>
<ref name=niimash-management>{{cite web |url=http://niimashspace.ru/index.php/2010-07-16-10-53-23/management3 |title=Руководители  |trans-title=Leaders |publisher=NIIMash |language=Russian |accessdate=2015-07-30}}</ref>
<ref name=roscosmos-niimash>{{cite web |url=http://www.federalspace.ru/1446/ |title=Находящиеся в ведении Роскосмоса |trans-title=Administered by the Russian Federal Space Agency |publisher=[[Russian Federal Space Agency|Roscosmos]] |language=Russian |accessdate=2015-07-30}}</ref>
}}
==External links==
* [http://niimashspace.ru/ NIIMash Official Page]
{{Roscosmos}}
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[[Category:Aerospace companies of the Soviet Union]]
[[Category:Rocket engine manufacturers of Russia]]
[[Category:Federal State Unitary Enterprises of Russia]]
[[Category:Roscosmos divisions and subsidiaries]]
[[Category:Companies based in Sverdlovsk Oblast]]
[[Category:Engine manufacturers of the Soviet Union]]
[[Category:Research institutes in the Soviet Union]]
[[Category:1958 establishments in the Soviet Union]]
[[Category:Design bureaus]]