View source for Rizhao

{{Infobox settlement
<!--See Template:Infobox Settlement for additional fields that may be available-->
<!-- Basic info  ---------------->| name                            = Rizhao
| official_name                   =
| other_name                      = Jihchao
| native_name                     = 日照市
| native_name_lang                = zh
| nickname                        =
| settlement_type                 = [[Prefecture-level city]]
| total_type                      = <!-- to set a non-standard label for total area and population rows -->
| motto                           = <!-- images and maps  ----------->
| image_skyline                   = Rizhao sea-port.jpg
| imagesize                       =
| image_caption                   = Rizhao Seaport
| image_seal                      =
| seal_size                       =
| image_shield                    =
| shield_size                     =
| image_blank_emblem              =
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| image_map                       = {{maplink|frame=yes|plain=yes|type=shape|stroke-width=2|stroke-color=#000000|zoom=7}}
| mapsize                         =
| map_caption                     =
| image_map1                      = ChinaShandongRizhao.png
| mapsize1                        =
| map_caption1                    = Location of Rizhao City jurisdiction in Shandong
| image_dot_map                   =
| dot_mapsize                     =
| dot_map_caption                 =
| dot_x                           =
| dot_y                           =
| coor_pinpoint                   = Rizhao municipal government
| coordinates                     = {{coord|35.417|119.527|type:adm2nd_region:CN-37_source:Gaode|format=dms|display=it}}
| pushpin_map                     =
| pushpin_label_position          =
| pushpin_map_caption             =
| pushpin_mapsize                 = <!-- Location ------------------>
| subdivision_type                = Country
| subdivision_name                = [[China|People's Republic of China]]
| subdivision_type1               = [[Province of China|Province]]
| subdivision_name1               = [[Shandong]]
| subdivision_type2               = [[Administrative divisions of the People's Republic of China#County level|County-level divisions]]
| subdivision_name2               = 4
| subdivision_type3               = [[Administrative divisions of the People's Republic of China#Township level|Township-level divisions]]
| subdivision_name3               =
| subdivision_type4               =
| subdivision_name4               =
| seat_type                       = Municipal seat
| seat                            = [[Donggang District]]
| parts_type                      =
| parts_style                     = <!-- =list (for list), coll (for collapsed list), para (for paragraph format)
Default is list if up to 5 items, coll if more than 5-->
| parts                           = <!-- parts text, or header for parts list -->
| p1                              =
| p2                              = <!-- etc. up to p50: for separate parts to be listed-->
<!-- Politics ----------------->| government_footnotes            =
| government_type                 =
| leader_title                    = CPC Secretary
| leader_name                     = Yang Jun ({{lang|zh-hans|杨军}})
| leader_title1                   = [[Mayor]]
| leader_name1                    = Li Tongdao ({{lang|zh-Hans-CN|李同道}})
| leader_title2                   =
| leader_name2                    =
| leader_title3                   =
| leader_name3                    =
| leader_title4                   =
| leader_name4                    =
| established_title               = <!-- Settled -->
| established_date                =
| established_title1              = <!-- Incorporated (town) -->
| established_date1               =
| established_title2              = <!-- Incorporated (city) -->
| established_date2               =
| established_title3              =
| established_date3               =
| founder                         =
| named_for                       = <!-- Area    --------------------->
| area_magnitude                  = <!-- use only to set a special wikilink -->
| unit_pref                       = <!--Enter: Imperial, to display imperial before metric-->
| area_footnotes                  = <ref>{{cite web
|url = https://www.hongheiku.com/xianjirank/
|script-title=zh:最新人口信息 www.hongheiku.com
|publisher = hongheiku
|language = Chinese
|access-date = 2021-01-12}}</ref>
| area_total_km2                  = 5359<!-- ALL fields with measurements are subject to automatic unit conversion-->
| area_land_km2                   = <!--See table @ Template:Infobox Settlement for details on unit conversion-->
| area_water_km2                  =
| area_water_percent              =
| area_urban_km2                  = 1915
| area_metro_km2                  = 1507
| area_blank1_title               =
| area_blank1_km2                 = <!-- Elevation -------------------------->
| elevation_footnotes             = <!--for references: use <ref> </ref> tags-->
| elevation_m                     =
| elevation_ft                    =
| elevation_max_m                 =
| elevation_max_ft                =
| elevation_min_m                 =
| elevation_min_ft                = <!-- Population   ----------------------->
| population_as_of                = 2020 census
| population_footnotes            = <ref name="citypopulation.de">{{cite web| url = https://www.citypopulation.de/en/china/shandong/admin/| title = China: Shāndōng (Prefectures, Cities, Districts and Counties) - Population Statistics, Charts and Map}} </ref>
| population_note                 =
| population_total                = 2968365
| population_density_km2          = auto<!--For automatic calculation, any density field may contain: auto -->
| population_metro                = 1172205
| population_density_metro_km2    = auto
| population_urban                = 1551513
| population_density_urban_km2    = auto
| demographics_type2   = GDP<ref>{{Cite web |title=Shandong Statistical Yearbook-2016|url=http://www.stats-sd.gov.cn/tjnj/nj2016/indexch.htm|website=www.stats-sd.gov.cn}}</ref>
| demographics2_title1 = [[Prefecture-level city]]
| demographics2_info1 = [[Renminbi|CN¥]] 220&nbsp;billion<br />[[US$]] 33&nbsp;billion
| demographics2_title2 = Per capita
| demographics2_info2 = CN¥ 75,329<br />US$ 11,383
<!-- General information  --------------->
| timezone                        = [[China Standard Time|China Standard]]
| utc_offset                      = +8
<!-- Area/postal codes & others -------->| postal_code_type                = <!--  [[Postal code of China|Postal code]] -->
| postal_code                     = 276800
| area_code                       = 0633
| iso_code                        = [[ISO 3166-2:CN|CN-SD-11]]
| blank_name                      = [[GDP]]
| blank_info                      =
| blank1_name                     = GDP per capita
| blank1_info                     =
| blank2_name                     = [[Licence plates of the People's Republic of China|License Plate]] Prefix
| blank2_info                     = {{lang|zh-cn|鲁L}}
| website                         =
| footnotes                       =
}}
{{Infobox Chinese
|c={{linktext|lang=zh|日照}}
|l="Sunshine"
|p=Rìzhào |w=Jih<sup>4</sup>-chao<sup>4</sup> |mi={{IPAc-cmn|r|^|4|.|zh|ao|4}} |gr=Ryhjaw
|j=Jat<sup>3</sup>-ziu<sup>6</sup> |y=Yat-jiuh
|tl=Ji̍t-tsiò
}}
'''Rizhao''' ({{zh|s=日照|t=日照|p=Rìzhào}}), [[Postal Map Romanization|alternatively romanized]] as '''Jihchao''', is a [[prefecture-level city]] in southeastern [[Shandong]] [[province of China|province]], China. It is situated on the coastline along the [[Yellow Sea]], and features a major seaport, the [[Port of Rizhao]]. It borders [[Qingdao]] to the northeast, [[Weifang]] to the north, [[Linyi]] to the west and southwest, and faces [[Korea]] and [[Japan]] across the [[Yellow Sea]] to the east.
The name of the city literally means "sunshine".<ref name=Worldwatch>[[Worldwatch Institute]]. (2007). ''[[State of the World (book series)|State of the World]] : Our Urban Future.'' {{rp|108}}</ref> The city is known for its sustainability, and it mandates [[solar hot water|solar-water heaters]] in all new buildings. Rizhao city was recognized by the United Nations as one of the most [[UN Habitat Scroll of Honour Award|habitable cities]] in the world in 2009.<ref>{{Cite web |title=China coastal city wins UN Habitat award - China.org.cn |url=http://www.china.org.cn/environment/2009-10/06/content_18659059.htm |access-date=2022-09-25 |website=www.china.org.cn}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Shandong Rizhao becomes the sixth city in China to win the UN Habitat Award |url=https://www.chinanews.com.cn/gn/news/2009/10-06/1898884.shtml |access-date=25 September 2022 |publisher=杨锈祯 党正林 |date=2009-10-06}}</ref>
The city population stands at 2,968,365 people as of the [[2020 Chinese census]], of whom 1,172,205 live in the urban area of [[Donggang District]]. Compared with the 2,801,013 people in [[2010 Chinese census]], there has been a total increase of 167,352 people in the past decade, an increase of 5.97%, with an average annual growth rate of 0.58%.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2021-06-18 |title=Heavyweight! Announcement of the Seventh National Population Census in Rizhao City |url=https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s?src=11&timestamp=1718176161&ver=5317&signature=LNmD6lDU4P-Fac6-xmsBu-XhL-zJJqEUre4WpvPgfu1S9YUK1RkAdEzv7CRa5iTenQWzoCo8eeHF33uFNW9New23QtxNjEpLDgPkzug3Ve282d2xbmqKwJAfdwpTcwNs&new=1 |archive-date= |work=Lanshan Statistics}}</ref>
==History==
Rizhao is located at the place where the ancient [[Dawenkou culture]] and the [[Longshan culture]] flourished. Rizhao belonged to the [[Dongyi]] people during the [[Xia dynasty|Xia]] and [[Shang dynasty|Shang]] dynasties (2070-1046 BC), and to [[Ju (state)|Ju]] and [[Yue (state)|Yue]] States in the [[Spring and Autumn period]] (770-476 BC) and the [[Warring States period]] (476-221 BC). It became a part of [[Langye Commandery]] in the [[Qin dynasty]] (221-206 BC). Rizhao was named Haiqu County ({{zh|labels=no|t=[[:zh:海曲县|海曲縣]]}}) during the [[Western Han]] (206 BC-25 AD) and Xihai County under the [[Eastern Han]] (25-220 AD).{{Citation needed|date=December 2017}}
During the [[Tang dynasty]], together with Ju County, Rizhao belonged to [[Mi Prefecture]] of Henan Prefecture. In the 10th century, Rizhao city and county was established, with the name meaning "(the first to get) sunshine". In 1940 it came under the control of the [[Chinese Communist Party]]. After being a county and since 1985 a city under the administration of [[Linyi]], Rizhao became a prefecture-level city within Shandong province in 1989.{{Citation needed|date=December 2017}}
The Field Museum of Natural History in [[Chicago]] has done field survey archaeological work in Rizhao over the years.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://archive.fieldmuseum.org/expeditions/china6_expedition/about.html|title=Expeditions @ Field Museum - Feinman and Underhill - About the Expedition|website=archive.fieldmuseum.org}}</ref>
==Climate==
Rizhao has a temperate, four-season, [[monsoon]]-influenced climate that lies in the transition between the [[humid subtropical climate|humid subtropical]] ([[Köppen climate classification|Köppen]] ''Cwa'') and [[humid continental climate|humid continental]] (Köppen ''Dwa'') regimes. Winter is cool to cold and windy, but generally dry, with a January average of {{convert|-0.3|°C|1}}. Summer is generally hot and humid, but sweltering days are rare, with an August average of {{convert|25.7|°C|1}}. Due to its proximity to the coast and being on a peninsula, it experiences a one-month delayed spring compared to much of the province. Conversely, fall is milder than inland areas in Shandong. The annual mean temperature is {{convert|12.95|°C|1}}. On average, there are 2,530 hours of bright sunshine annually, and the relative humidity is 70–74&nbsp;%.{{Citation needed|date=December 2017}}
{{Weather box|width=auto
|metric first=y
|single line=y
|collapsed = Y
|location = Rizhao (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1971–2010)
|Jan high C = 	4.4
|Feb high C = 	6.4
|Mar high C = 	11.3
|Apr high C = 	17.2
|May high C = 	22.5
|Jun high C = 	25.4
|Jul high C = 	28.5
|Aug high C = 	28.9
|Sep high C = 	25.9
|Oct high C = 	20.7
|Nov high C = 	13.4
|Dec high C = 	6.8
|Jan mean C = 	0.3
|Feb mean C = 	2.3
|Mar mean C = 	6.8
|Apr mean C = 	12.7
|May mean C = 	18.2
|Jun mean C = 	21.8
|Jul mean C = 	25.5
|Aug mean C = 	25.9
|Sep mean C = 	22.3
|Oct mean C = 	16.6
|Nov mean C = 	9.3
|Dec mean C = 	2.7
|Jan low C = 	-2.8
|Feb low C = 	-0.9
|Mar low C = 	3.4
|Apr low C = 	9.0
|May low C = 	14.7
|Jun low C = 	19.1
|Jul low C = 	23.1
|Aug low C = 	23.3
|Sep low C = 	19.0
|Oct low C = 	12.9
|Nov low C = 	5.8
|Dec low C = 	-0.5
|Jan record high C = 14.6 |Jan record low C = -13.8
|Feb record high C = 19.0 |Feb record low C = -12.6
|Mar record high C = 25.0 |Mar record low C = -7.1
|Apr record high C = 34.0 |Apr record low C = -2.5
|May record high C = 35.7 |May record low C = 5.9
|Jun record high C = 38.3 |Jun record low C = 11.5
|Jul record high C = 41.4 |Jul record low C = 14.9
|Aug record high C = 36.2 |Aug record low C = 13.4
|Sep record high C = 37.6 |Sep record low C = 9.4
|Oct record high C = 30.2 |Oct record low C = 0.5
|Nov record high C = 25.8 |Nov record low C = -7.2
|Dec record high C = 17.9 |Dec record low C = -12.2
|year high C =  |year low C =
|year high F =  |year low F =
|precipitation colour = green
|Jan precipitation mm = 	11.3
|Feb precipitation mm = 	18.6
|Mar precipitation mm = 	22.2
|Apr precipitation mm = 	37.7
|May precipitation mm = 	77.5
|Jun precipitation mm = 	87.2
|Jul precipitation mm = 	197.2
|Aug precipitation mm = 	163.4
|Sep precipitation mm = 	86.9
|Oct precipitation mm = 	39.0
|Nov precipitation mm = 	35.3
|Dec precipitation mm = 	16.5
|Jan humidity = 	59
|Feb humidity = 	63
|Mar humidity = 	63
|Apr humidity = 	65
|May humidity = 	70
|Jun humidity = 	81
|Jul humidity = 	86
|Aug humidity = 	83
|Sep humidity = 	73
|Oct humidity = 	65
|Nov humidity = 	63
|Dec humidity = 	58
|unit precipitation days = 0.1 mm
|Jan precipitation days = 	3.3
|Feb precipitation days = 	4.5
|Mar precipitation days = 	5.0
|Apr precipitation days = 	6.8
|May precipitation days = 	8.0
|Jun precipitation days = 	8.6
|Jul precipitation days = 	13.0
|Aug precipitation days = 	11.3
|Sep precipitation days = 	7.5
|Oct precipitation days = 	5.2
|Nov precipitation days = 	5.2
|Dec precipitation days = 	3.5
|year precipitation days =
|Jan sun = 	172.9
|Feb sun = 	163.4
|Mar sun = 	206.8
|Apr sun = 	217.8
|May sun = 	230.1
|Jun sun = 	187.5
|Jul sun = 	175.3
|Aug sun = 	196.7
|Sep sun = 	204.9
|Oct sun = 	201.3
|Nov sun = 	173.2
|Dec sun = 	176.6
|year sun =
| Jan percentsun = 	55
| Feb percentsun = 	53
| Mar percentsun = 	55
| Apr percentsun = 	55
| May percentsun = 	53
| Jun percentsun = 	43
| Jul percentsun = 	40
| Aug percentsun = 	48
| Sep percentsun = 	56
| Oct percentsun = 	58
| Nov percentsun = 	57
| Dec percentsun = 	58
| year percentsun =
|Jan snow days = 	2.8
|Feb snow days = 	2.3
|Mar snow days = 	0.9
|Apr snow days = 	0.1
|May snow days = 	0
|Jun snow days = 	0
|Jul snow days = 	0
|Aug snow days = 	0
|Sep snow days = 	0
|Oct snow days = 	0
|Nov snow days = 	0.4
|Dec snow days = 	1.6
|year snow days =
|source 1 = [[China Meteorological Administration]]<ref name="cma graphical">{{cite web |url=http://data.cma.cn/data/weatherBk.html |script-title=zh:中国气象数据网 – WeatherBk Data |publisher=[[China Meteorological Administration]] |language = zh-hans |access-date=12 August 2023}}</ref><ref>
{{cite web|url=https://experience.arcgis.com/template/e724038fda394e9d9b7921f10fd1aa55/page/%E7%BA%AF%E8%A1%A8%E6%A0%BC%E7%BB%9F%E8%AE%A1-(%E5%AF%B9%E6%AF%948110%E5%8F%98%E5%8C%96)/?org=UQmaps |script-title=zh:中国气象数据网|publisher=[[China Meteorological Administration]] |language = zh-hans | access-date =12 August 2023}}</ref>
| source 2 = Weather China<ref name = Clim>{{cite web
| url = http://www.weather.com.cn/cityintro/101121501.shtml?
| script-title=zh:日照 - 气象数据 -中国天气网
| publisher = Weather China
| language = zh
| access-date = 29 November 2022}}</ref>
}}
==Administration==
The [[prefecture-level city]] of Rizhao administers four [[Administrative divisions of the People's Republic of China#County level|county-level divisions]], including two [[District of China|districts]] and two [[County (People's Republic of China)|counties]].
*[[Donggang District]] ({{lang|zh-hans|东港区}})
*[[Lanshan District, Rizhao|Lanshan District]] ({{lang|zh-hans|岚山区}})
*[[Ju County]] ({{lang|zh-hans|莒县}})
*[[Wulian County]] ({{lang|zh-hans|五莲县}})
{| class="wikitable"
! Map
|-
|<div style="position: relative" class="center">
{{Image label begin|image=Administrative Division Rizhao.png|width={{{1|570}}}|link=}}
{{Image label|x=1020|y=1020|scale={{{1|570}}}/1900|text=[[Donggang District|'''Donggang''']]}}
{{Image label|x=840|y=1250|scale={{{1|570}}}/1900|text=[[Lanshan District, Rizhao|'''Lanshan''']]}}
{{Image label|x=890|y=550|scale={{{1|570}}}/1900|text=[[Wulian County|'''Wulian<br/>County''']]}}
{{Image label|x=400|y=700|scale={{{1|570}}}/1900|text=[[Ju County|'''Ju<br/>County''']]}}
{{Image label|x=1240|y=1630|scale={{{1|570}}}/1900|text=<span style="color: black;">'''Disputed islands with [[Lianyungang]] in [[Jiangsu]].'''</span>}}
{{Image label end}}
</div>
|}
==Landmarks and tourist attractions==
The Zaishui Art Museum on an artificial lake was completed in 2023, along with a promenade and café by the Spanish firm [[SelgasCano]]. In addition to the museum, [[Jun'ya Ishigami]] designed a horseback-riding center, a hotel, and a 148-foot-high, concrete church.<ref> https://www.architecturalrecord.com/articles/16709-junya-ishigamis-zaishui-art-museum-nimbly-extends-across-a-lake-in-chinas-shandong-province</ref>
The following locations have a 4-star rating according to Chinese classification for scenic spots ({{lang|zh-hans|旅游景区质量等级}}){{Citation needed|date=December 2017}}
* Wulian Mountain  ({{lang|zh-hans|五莲山风景区}})
* Fulai Mountain ({{lang|zh-hans|浮来山风景区}})
* Daqing Mountain ({{lang|zh-hans|大青山风景区}})
* Wanpingkou Beach ({{lang|zh-hans|万平口风景区}})
* Rizhao Beach National Park ({{lang|zh-hans|日照海滨国家森林公园}})
* Longmengu ({{lang|zh-hans|龙门崮风景区}})
* Liujiawan Park ({{lang|zh-hans|刘家湾赶海园}})
==Sustainable development==
The city now mandates the incorporation of [[solar panel]]s in all new buildings, and oversees the construction process to ensure the panels are correctly installed.<ref>Levinson, Matthew and Chen, Jing, 2008-05-01.[http://www.sciencealert.com.au/features/20080105-17263.html "China — the rise of the green city", ''ScienceAlert Australia and New Zealand''], retrieved on 2008-08-23</ref> The effort to install solar water heaters began in 1992.{{cn|date=August 2023}}
==Transportation==
Rizhao features a major seaport ([[Port of Rizhao]]), located approximately {{convert|620|km|abbr=on}} north of [[Shanghai]], {{convert|170|km|abbr=on}} southwest of [[Qingdao]], and {{convert|120|km|abbr=on}} north of [[Lianyungang]]. The seaport serves as a site for loading and unloading iron ore and coal. Other products passing through the harbor include cement, nickel, bauxite, and the like.<ref>[http://www.researchandmarkets.com/reports/613350/china_company_report_rizhao_port_co_ltd] http://www.researchandmarkets.com/reports/613350/china_company_report_rizhao_port_co_ltd</ref> In 2011 the Port of Rizhao, together with the cities of Qingdao, Weihai and Yantai in [[Shandong]], signed a strategic alliance with [[Busan]], the largest port of the [[Republic of Korea]]. The alliance aims at building a shipping and logistics center in Northeast Asia.<ref>{{cite news |title= Four Chinese ports ally with ROK's largest port|newspaper= Marine News China|date= 29 September 2011|url= http://www.marine-news-china.com/china-news/china-ports/item/418-four-chinese-ports-ally-with-roks-largest-port.html|access-date= September 14, 2012}}</ref> The new iron ore port of [[Lanqiao]] is located close to it as is the Lanshan port region.<ref name="gpe">{{cite book|title=Guide to port entry|date=1 January 2017|publisher=IHS Guides}}</ref>
[[Rizhao Shanzihe Airport]] (IATA: RIZ) is an airport serving the city of Rizhao. The airport received approval from the State Council and the Central Military Commission in October 2013. It is located in the town of {{ill|Houcun, Shandong|zh|后村镇|lt=Houcun}} ({{lang|zh-Hans|后村镇}}), [[Donggang District]]. It was opened on 22 December 2015.{{cn|date=August 2023}}
The city is served by two railway stations, [[Rizhao railway station]] for local trains and [[Rizhao West railway station]] for both local and high-speed services.
==Education==
===Universities and colleges===
Since becoming a city, Rizhao has seen a significant growth in the number of universities and colleges, {{citation needed span|all of which are located in or near the University City ({{lang|zh-hans|大学城}}) of Donggang District.|date=June 2018}}
* [[Qufu Normal University]] ({{linktext|lang=zh-Hans|曲阜|师范|大学}})
* [[Jining Medical University]] ({{linktext|lang=zh-Hans|济宁|医学院}})
* [[Rizhao Polytechnic]]  ({{linktext|lang=zh-Hans|日照|技术|职业|学院}})
* [[Shandong Foreign Languages Vocational College]] ({{linktext|lang=zh-Hans|山东|外国语|职业|学院}})
* [[Shandong Maritime Vocational College]] ({{linktext|lang=zh-Hans|山东|海事|职业|学院}})
* [[Shandong Sport College]] ({{linktext|lang=zh-Hans|山东|体育|学院}})
* [[:zh:山东水利学院|Shandong Water Polytechnic]](山东水利学院)
== Image gallery ==
<gallery>
Image:Wanping kou beach.jpg|Wanpingkou Beach
Image:Fulai_mountain.jpg|Fulaishan
Image:Dengta square beach.jpg|Dengta Lighthouse
Image:Wulian .jpg|Wulian Mountain
</gallery>
==International relations==
Rizhao  [[twin towns and sister cities]] are:
* {{flagdeco|TKM}} [[Türkmenabat]], [[Türkmenistan]] (2014) <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://gundogar-news.com/index.php?category_id=3&news_id=2915|title=Города побратимы для Туркменистана &#124; Общество &#124; Гундогар|website=gundogar-news.com}}</ref>
==References==
{{Reflist|30em}}
==External links==
{{commons category|Rizhao}}
{{Wikivoyage}}
*{{Official website}}
{{Shandong topics}}
{{Shandong}}
{{Prefectural-level divisions of the People's Republic of China}}
{{authority control}}
[[Category:Rizhao| ]]
[[Category:Cities in Shandong]]
[[Category:Prefecture-level divisions of Shandong]]