View source for Royal Institute of British Architects

{{Short description|UK-based professional body for architects}}
{{Use British English|date=August 2023}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2020}}
{{About|the professional body|others uses of RIBA|Riba (disambiguation)}}
{{redirect-confuse|ARIBA|Arriba (disambiguation){{!}}Arriba}}
{{Infobox organization
| alt                 = <!-- alt text; see [[WP:ALT]] -->
| caption             = [[66 Portland Place]]
| logo                = Royal Institute of British Architects logo.svg
| map                 = <!-- optional -->
| motto               =
| formation           = {{start date and age|1834}}
| extinction          = <!-- date of extinction, optional -->
| type                = Professional membership body
| status              = Chartered [[body corporate]] and registered charity
| purpose             = Advancement of architecture and promotion of acquiring of knowledge of the arts and sciences connected therewith.
| headquarters        = [[66 Portland Place]], London, {{postcode|W|1}}
| coords              = {{coord|51.521283|-0.14508|display=title|format=dms}}
| language            = <!-- official languages -->
| leader_title        = Chief Executive
| leader_name         = Valerie Vaughan-Dick
| leader_title2       = President
| leader_name2        = [[Muyiwa Oki]]
| main_organ          = RIBA Board and RIBA Council
| parent_organization = <!-- if one -->
| affiliations        = <!-- if any -->
| budget              =
| remarks             =
| name                = Royal Institute of British Architects
| bgcolor             = <!-- header background colour -->
| fgcolor             = <!-- header text colour -->
| image_border        =
| size                =
| msize               = <!-- map size, optional, default 200px -->
| malt                = <!-- map alt text -->
| mcaption            = <!-- optional -->
| abbreviation        = RIBA
| region_served       = Predominantly UK with increasing global membership
| membership          = 29,203 chartered architects (2020)<ref>[https://www.architecture.com/-/media/473ADF3D0EC74956B59798D9408DCB8E.pdf?la=en ADVANCING ARCHITECTURE. RIBA PERFORMANCE REPORT 2020], p. 4. Retrieved: 2 September 2021.</ref>
| num_staff           = 309 (2019)<ref>[https://www.architecture.com/about/www.architecture.com//-/media/8427C2AEF1B540FAB5928BFC82E806A3.pdf?la=en RIBA Annual Report and Financial Statements 2019], p. 15. Retrieved 2 September 2021.</ref>
| num_volunteers      =
| website             = {{URL|https://www.architecture.com/}}
}}
[[Image:cmglee_Royal_Institute_of_British_Architects.jpg|220px|right|thumb|RIBA Headquarters]]
The '''Royal Institute of British Architects''' ('''RIBA''') is a [[professional body]] for architects primarily in the United Kingdom, but also internationally, founded for the advancement of architecture under its royal charter granted in 1837, three supplemental charters and a new charter granted in 1971.
Founded as the Institute of British Architects in London in 1834, the RIBA retains a central London headquarters at [[66 Portland Place]] as well as a network of regional offices. Its members played a leading part in promotion of architectural education in the United Kingdom; the RIBA Library, also established in 1834, is one of the three largest architectural libraries in the world and the largest in Europe. The RIBA also played a prominent role in the development of UK architects' registration bodies.
The institute administers some of the oldest architectural awards in the world, including [[RIBA President's Medals Students Award]], the [[Royal Gold Medal]], and the [[Stirling Prize]]. It also manages [[RIBA Competitions]], organising architectural and other design-related competitions.
The RIBA was historically a male-dominated body, first admitting women members in 1898, and appointing its first female president in 2009. Sometimes perceived as a London-centric organisation,<ref name=Reedblast>{{Cite web |title=Reed blasts RIBA with London bias jibe |url=http://www.bdonline.co.uk/news/reed-blasts-riba-with-london-bias-jibe/3114799.article |publisher=bdonline.co.uk |date=30 May 2008}}</ref><ref name="Waite-13Sep2011" /> it has also been accused of lacking transparency.<ref name="Johar-26Aug2021" />
==History ==
Originally named the '''Institute of British Architects in London''', it was formed in 1834 by several prominent architects, including [[Decimus Burton]],<ref>Dictionary of Scottish Architects, [http://www.scottisharchitects.org.uk/architect_full.php?id=202023 Decimus Burton] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200226100846/http://www.scottisharchitects.org.uk/architect_full.php?id=202023 |date=26 February 2020 }}. Retrieved 18 June 2016.</ref> [[Philip Hardwick]], [[Thomas Allom]], [[William Donthorne]], [[Thomas Leverton Donaldson]], [[William Adams Nicholson]], [[John Buonarotti Papworth]], and [[Thomas de Grey, 2nd Earl de Grey]].<ref>{{Cite ODNB |first=M.H.|last=Port|title=Founders of the Royal Institute of British Architects (act. 1834–1835) |url=http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/theme/97265}}</ref> The latter served as the institute's first president for 25 years until his death in 1859.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.npg.org.uk/collections/search/person/mp01231/thomas-philip-de-grey-2nd-earl-de-grey|title=Thomas Philip de Grey, 2nd Earl de Grey – Person – National Portrait Gallery|website=npg.org.uk|language=en|access-date=2018-09-10}}</ref>
After the grant of the royal charter it had become known as the '''Royal Institute of British Architects in London''', eventually dropping the reference to London in 1892. In 1934, it moved to its current headquarters on [[Portland Place]], with the building being opened by King [[George V]] and Queen [[Mary of Teck|Mary]].
===Royal charter===
It was granted its [[Royal charter]] in 1837 under King [[William IV]]. Supplemental charters of 1887, 1909 and 1925 were replaced by a single charter in 1971, and there have been minor amendments since then.
The original charter of 1837 set out the purpose of the Royal Institute to be: '... the general advancement of Civil Architecture, and for promoting and facilitating the acquirement of the knowledge of the various arts and sciences connected therewith...'
The RIBA's operational framework is provided by its byelaws, which are more frequently updated than the charter. Any revisions to the charter or byelaws require the approval of the [[Privy Council]].<ref>About the RIBA Charter and Byelaws {{cite web |url=http://www.architecture.com/TheRIBA/AboutUs/Ourstructure/Constitution/CharterandByelaws.aspx |title=Charter and byelaws |access-date=2012-04-25 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120426122320/http://www.architecture.com/TheRIBA/AboutUs/Ourstructure/Constitution/CharterandByelaws.aspx |archive-date=26 April 2012}} |Text of the Charter and Byelaws
{{cite web |url=http://www.architecture.com/Files/RIBAProfessionalServices/ProfessionalConduct/Constitution/charter_byelaws.pdf |title=Archived copy |access-date=2012-05-03 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131104220942/http://www.architecture.com/Files/RIBAProfessionalServices/ProfessionalConduct/Constitution/charter_byelaws.pdf |archive-date=4 November 2013}}</ref>
===Motto ===
The design of the institute's [[Mycenae]]an lions medal and the [[Latin]] motto ''Usui civium, decori urbium''<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bdonline.co.uk/Journals/graphics/Builder_Group/Riba_Journal/July_2001/ribacrest1931.jpg|title=RIBA lions medal and motto|website=bdonline.co.uk|access-date=14 March 2018|archive-date=3 June 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160603123116/http://www.bdonline.co.uk/Journals/graphics/Builder_Group/Riba_Journal/July_2001/ribacrest1931.jpg|url-status=dead}}</ref> has been attributed to Thomas Leverton Donaldson, who had been honorary secretary until 1839.<ref>{{cite ODNB|url=http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/7806|title=Donaldson, Thomas Leverton (1795–1885), architect – Oxford Dictionary of National Biography|access-date=14 March 2018|doi=10.1093/ref:odnb/7806|year=2004}}</ref> The RIBA ''Guide to its Archive and History'' (Angela Mace,1986) records that the first official version of the badge of the [[Lion Gate]] at [[Mycenae]] was used as a bookplate for the institute's library and publications from 1835 to 1891, when it was redesigned by J. H. Metcalfe. It was again redesigned in 1931 by [[Eric Gill]] and in 1960 by [[Joan Hassall]]. The description in the 1837 by-laws was: "gules, two lions rampant guardant or, supporting a column marked with lines chevron, proper, all standing on a base of the same; a garter surrounding the whole with the inscription ''Institute of British Architects, anno salutis MDCCCXXXIV''; above a mural crown proper, and beneath the motto ''Usui civium decori urbium'' ". The motto is translated "for the use of the people, for the glory of the city".<ref>{{Cite web|title=Hammersmith School of Building and Arts and Crafts: a book displayed at an exhibition|url=https://www.londonpicturearchive.org.uk/view-item?i=185616|access-date=2021-05-24|website=London Picture Archive|language=en}}</ref>
===Architectural education===
In the nineteenth and twentieth centuries the RIBA and its members had a leading part in the promotion of [[architectural education in the United Kingdom]], including the establishment of the [[Architects' Registration Council of the United Kingdom]] (ARCUK) and the [[Board of Architectural Education]] under the [[Architects (Registration) Acts, 1931 to 1938]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.aaruk.info/Legislation/Act31.PDF|title=21 & 22 Geo. 5. CH.33|website=aaruk.info|access-date=14 March 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.aaruk.info/Legislation/Act38.PDF|title=1 & 2 Geo. 6. CH 54|website=aaruk.info|access-date=14 March 2018}}</ref> A member of the RIBA, [[Lionel Bailey Budden]], then Associate Professor in the [[Liverpool University School of Architecture]], had contributed the article on Architectural Education published in the fourteenth edition of the ''[[Encyclopædia Britannica]]'' (1929). His School, Liverpool, was one of the twenty schools named for the purpose of constituting the statutory Board of Architectural Education when the 1931 Act was passed.<ref>Second Schedule to Architects (Registration) Act, 1931 [http://www.aaruk.info/Legislation/Act31.PDF 21 & 22 Geo. 5. CH.33]</ref>
Soon after the passing of the 1931 Act, in the book published on the occasion of the institute's centenary celebration in 1934,<ref>''The Growth and Work of the Royal Institute of British Architects'' edited by J. A. Gotch PPRIBA [[John Alfred Gotch]]</ref> Harry Barnes, FRIBA, Chairman of the Registration Committee, mentioned that ARCUK could not be a rival of any architectural association, least of all the RIBA, given the way ARCUK was constituted.<ref>Architects (Registration) Act, First Schedule ''Constitution of the Council'', listing RIBA and other associations entitled to appoint members of the Council1931 [http://www.aaruk.info/Legislation/Act31.PDF 21 & 22 Geo. 5. CH.33]</ref> Barnes commented that the Act's purpose was not protecting the architectural profession, and that the legitimate interests of the profession were best served by the (then) architectural associations in which some 80 per cent of those practising architecture were to be found.
The RIBA ''Guide to its Archive and History'' (1986) has a section on the "Statutory registration of architects" with a bibliography extending from a draft bill of 1887 to one of 1969. The Guide's section on "Education" records the setting up in 1904 of the RIBA Board of Architectural Education, and the system by which any school which applied for recognition, whose syllabus was approved by the Board and whose examinations were conducted by an approved external examiner, and whose standard of attainment was guaranteed by periodical inspections by a "Visiting Board" from the BAE, could be placed on the list of "recognized schools" and its successful students could qualify for exemption from RIBA examinations.
The content of the acts, particularly section 1 (1) of the amending act of 1938, shows the importance which was then attached to giving architects the responsibility of superintending or supervising the building works of local authorities (for housing and other projects), rather than persons professionally qualified only as municipal or other engineers.<ref>Simon Report*, HMSO 1944, reprint 1952, and a ruling of the King's Bench Divisional Court, R. v. Architects' Registration Tribunal, ex p. Jagger, [1945] 2 All E.R. 151, both mentioned in "The law relating to the architect" by E. J. Rimmer, Stevens (1952).</ref> By the 1970s another issue had emerged affecting education for qualification and registration for practice as an architect, due to the obligation imposed on the United Kingdom and other European governments to comply with European Union Directives concerning mutual recognition of professional qualifications in favour of equal standards across borders, in furtherance of the policy for a [[single market of the European Union]]. This led to proposals for reconstituting ARCUK. Eventually, in the 1990s, before proceeding, the government issued a consultation paper "[[Reform of Architects Registration]]" (1994).<ref>Reform of Architects Registration", dated 19 July 1994, issued by the Department of the Environment [http://www.aaruk.info/board01/DOE%20Consultation.pdf]</ref> The change of name to "[[Architects Registration Board]]" was one of the proposals which was later enacted in the [[Housing Grants, Construction and Regeneration Act 1996]] and re-enacted as the [[Architects Act 1997]]; another was the abolition of the ARCUK Board of Architectural Education.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/53/part/III/1996-10-01?timeline=true|title=Housing Grants, Construction and Regeneration Act 1996|website=www.legislation.gov.uk|access-date=14 March 2018}}</ref>
RIBA Visiting Boards continue to assess courses for exemption from the RIBA's examinations in architecture. Under arrangements made in 2011 the validation criteria are jointly held by the RIBA and the Architects Registration Board, but unlike the ARB, the RIBA also validates courses outside the UK.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.architecture.com/EducationAndCareers/Validation/UKvalidation.aspx|title=RIBA, Validation|website=architecture.com|access-date=14 March 2018}}</ref>
In 2005 the RIBA set up [[Academy of Urbanism]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2007/nov/10/architecture.arts|title=Sheffield honoured at Academy of Urbanism awards|first=Duncan|last=Campbell|date=10 November 2007|website=The Guardian|access-date=14 March 2018}}</ref>
In 2019 the RIBA Council voted for the creation of the RIBA Future Architects initiative,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.architecture.com/education-cpd-and-careers/future-architects|title=RIBA Future Architects |website=architecture.com|access-date=19 September 2020}}</ref> an online platform and international network aimed at Part I, Part II and Part III architectural students and graduates. The initiative was championed by student and associates' representatives on Council, after a 2018 campaign highlighting the hardship architectural students faced in their degrees.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bdonline.co.uk/news/expensive-field-trips-and-material-costs-are-forcing-students-into-debt/5094296.article|title=Expensive field trips and material costs are forcing students into debt|first=Elizabeth|last=Hopkirk|date=29 June 2018|website=Building Design|access-date=19 September 2020}}</ref> The initiative is designed to support, inspire and provide a voice as students and graduates transition from study to practice.
===Design policy===
The RIBA sees itself as a [[lobbying]] organisation acting for architects, "for better buildings, stronger communities, and higher [[environmental standard]]s".<ref>RIBA, [https://www.architecture.com/about/policy Campaigns and policy], accessed 31 May 2024</ref> For example, in 2005 in response to concerns that the UK government's [[Private finance initiative|Private Finance Initiative]] did not offer good [[value for money]], RIBA put forward a model known as "Smart PFI", under which a traditionally appointed design team would prepare "example plans" which would be finalised and costed by PFI [[bidder]]s.<ref>Waite, R., [https://www.architectsjournal.co.uk/archive/bsf-procurement-review-ribas-smart-pfi-takes-step-closer BSF procurement review: RIBA's Smart PFI takes step closer], [[Architects' Journal]], published 27 November 2009, accessed 5 February 2024</ref>
==Structure==
The RIBA is governed by the RIBA Council, a group of 60 members, elected from among the RIBA membership, the majority of whom are [[chartered architect]]s.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.architecture.com/about/riba-council|title=RIBA Council|website=www.architecture.com|access-date=2019-01-16}}</ref>
The RIBA is a member organisation, with 44,000 members. Chartered Members are entitled to call themselves [[chartered architect]]s and to append the [[Post-nominal letters|post-nominals]] RIBA after their name; Student Members are not permitted to do so. Formerly, fellowships of the institute were granted, although no longer; those who continue to hold this title instead add FRIBA. Members gain access to all the institute's services and receive its monthly magazine the ''[[RIBA Journal]]'' and articles on its website, RIBAJ.com.
===Designation===
*'''ARIBA''': Associate of the Royal Institute of British Architects (no longer granted to new members)
*'''FRIBA''': Fellow of the Royal Institute of British Architects (and Hon Fellow – an honorary designation)
*'''RIBA''': Chartered member of the Royal Institute of British Architects
* The institute's president is designated '''PRIBA''', past presidents use '''PPRIBA'''
===Regions===
The institute also maintains twelve regional offices around the United Kingdom, including a London regional office. The first regional office was the East of England, opened at Cambridge in 1966. Each region encompasses several local architectural groups. In February 2022, the RIBA was criticised for cost-cutting proposals to merge its offices across England into three 'super regions'.<ref name="Jessel-02Feb2022">{{cite news |last1=Jessel |first1=Ella |title=RIBA faces backlash over plans for 'super region' mergers |url=https://www.architectsjournal.co.uk/news/riba-faces-backlash-over-plans-for-super-region-mergers |access-date=2 February 2022 |work=Architects' Journal |date=2 February 2022}}</ref>
* RIBA East – Great Shelford
* RIBA East Midlands – Nottingham
* RIBA London – London
* RIBA North East – Newcastle
* RIBA North West – Liverpool
* RIBA South / South East – Reading
* RIBA South West / Wessex – Bristol
* RIBA West Midlands – Birmingham
* RIBA Yorkshire – Leeds
* RIAS – [[Royal Incorporation of Architects in Scotland]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.rias.org.uk|title=The Royal Incorporation of Architects in Scotland : RIAS|last=RIAS|website=www.rias.org.uk|access-date=14 March 2018}}</ref> Edinburgh
* RSAW – [[Royal Society of Architects in Wales]], Cardiff<ref>{{cite web|title=WALES (RSAW)|url=http://www.architecture.com/RIBA/Contactus/OurUKoffices/Wales.aspx|publisher=RIBA|access-date=9 June 2014}}</ref>
* RSUA – [[Royal Society of Ulster Architects]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.rsua.org.uk|title=RSUA – Royal Society of Ulster Architects|website=www.rsua.org.uk|access-date=14 March 2018}}</ref> Belfast
There are also international branches under the RIBA International umbrella, with offices in London, Shanghai and Sharjah (United Arab Emirates). There are four principal membership groups:
* RIBA Americas – includes the RIBA USA Chapter
* RIBA Asia and Australasia
* RIBA Europe
* RIBA Middle East and Africa
===RIBA Enterprises===
RIBA Enterprises was the commercial arm of RIBA,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ribaenterprises.com|title=RIBA Enterprises – Knowledge Management Business of the RIBA|website=www.ribaenterprises.com|access-date=14 March 2018}}</ref> with a registered office in [[Newcastle upon Tyne]], a base at 76 Portland Place in London, and an office in [[Newark-on-Trent|Newark]], later sold to allow further investment.<ref name="Valance">{{cite news |title=Q&A with Alan Vallance |url=https://www.ribaj.com/intelligence/q-a-with-alan-vallance-riba-ldc-london-lloyds-bank-partnership-nbs |access-date=2 February 2022 |work=RIBA Journal}}</ref> It once employed over 250 staff, approximately 180 of whom were based in Newcastle. Its services include RIBA Insight,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.riba-insight.com/|title=RIBA Insight|website=riba-insight.com|access-date=14 March 2018|archive-date=20 November 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161120221102/http://www.riba-insight.com/|url-status=dead}}</ref> and ''[[RIBA Product Selector]].'' It previously ran RIBA Publishing, RIBA Bookshops (which operates online and at 66 Portland Place), RIBA Appointments<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ribaappointments.com|title=RIBA Appointments – Architecture Jobs and Recruitment|website=www.ribaappointments.com|access-date=14 March 2018}}</ref> and ''[[RIBA Journal]]''.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ribabookshops.com|title=Architecture Books, Contracts & Regulations – RIBA Bookshops|website=www.ribabookshops.com|access-date=14 March 2018}}</ref> These all now operate as part of the RIBA.
RIBA Enterprises also included the Newcastle-based NBS ([[National Building Specification]]),<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thenbs.com|title=Construction Knowledge, Specification and Services|website=NBS|access-date=14 March 2018}}</ref> which had 130 staff and dealt with [[Building regulations in the United Kingdom|building regulations]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thenbs.com/BuildingRegs/|title=NBS Building Regulations – England & Wales Approved Documents & Scotland Technical Handbooks, from NBS|website=www.thenbs.com|access-date=14 March 2018}}</ref> and the Construction Information Service.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ihs.com/products/design/uk-solutions/construction-information-service.aspx|title=The Construction Information Service (CIS) – IHS Markit|website=www.ihs.com|access-date=14 March 2018}}</ref> In June 2018, the RIBA announced it was selling a £31.8 million stake in RIBA Enterprises, to LDC, the private equity arm of [[Lloyds Bank]].<ref name="Jessell-12Jun2018">{{cite news |last1=Jessell |first1=Ella |title=RIBA sells £31.8m stake in its commercial arm to Lloyds Bank |url=https://www.architectsjournal.co.uk/news/riba-sells-318m-stake-in-its-commercial-arm-to-lloyds-bank/10032009.article |access-date=15 January 2019 |work=Architects' Journal |date=12 June 2018}}</ref> In November 2020, NBS was sold to Byggfakta Group, a Sweden-based information services provider.<ref name="Whitfield-27Nov2020">{{cite news |last1=Whitfield |first1=Graeme |title=Newcastle tech business NBS sold to Swedish group in major deal |url=https://www.business-live.co.uk/technology/newcastle-tech-business-nbs-sold-19355226 |access-date=1 October 2021 |work=BusinessLive |date=27 November 2020}}</ref> The RIBA received £172 million<ref name="Young-01Sep2021">{{cite news |last1=Young |first1=Eleanor |title=Simon Allford wants to disrupt, lead, collaborate and keep people well |url=https://www.ribaj.com/culture/simon-allford-riba-president-interview-disruptive-influence-ahmm |access-date=2 February 2022 |work=RIBA Journal |date=1 September 2021}}</ref> from the sale of its stake in NBS, some of which was reinvested to provide a reliable income stream for the institute.<ref name="Ing-01Oct2021"/>
The RIBA has been recognised as a business [[Superbrands|Superbrand]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.superbrands.uk.com/riba|title=Superbrands|website=superbrands.uk.com|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160513052308/http://www.superbrands.uk.com/riba|archive-date=13 May 2016|url-status=dead|access-date=14 March 2018}}</ref> since 2008.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.dexigner.com/news/13829|title=RIBA Named as Business Superbrand|date=2 March 2008|website=dexigner.com|access-date=14 March 2018}}</ref>
==RIBA headquarters==
[[File:Architectural Aspiration - Edward Bainbridge Copnall.jpg|thumb|''Architectural Aspiration'', by Edward Bainbridge, above the main entrance, RIBA, 66 Portland Place, London]]
The RIBA's headquarters has been at [[66 Portland Place]], London, since 1934. This Grade II* [[listed building]] was designed by architect [[George Grey Wornum]] for the institute and features sculptures by [[Edward Bainbridge Copnall]] and [[James Woodford]]. The building is open to the public, and includes a library, architectural bookshop, a café, bar, exhibition galleries and lecture theatre. Rooms are hired out for events.
The organisation also owns an adjacent building at 76 Portland Place, a 1950s office building overhauled in 2013, which housed RIBA staff and a members' café. In September 2021, following the [[COVID-19 pandemic in the United Kingdom|COVID-19 pandemic]] and an £8 million budget deficit in the year ending December 2020, the RIBA announced plans to sell 76 Portland Place and to reduce staff numbers. Chief executive Alan Vallance said 89% of RIBA's staff only wanted to work two or three days a week from an office, so 76 Portland Place was surplus to requirements.<ref name="Ing-01Oct2021">{{cite news |last1=Ing |first1=Will |title=RIBA to shed staff and sell property to close £8m deficit |url=https://www.architectsjournal.co.uk/news/riba-to-shed-staff-and-sell-property-to-close-8m-deficit |access-date=1 October 2021 |work=Architects' Journal |date=1 October 2021}}</ref> A potential 20 further redundancies were reported on 31 January 2022.<ref name="Waite-31Jan2022">{{cite news |last1=Waite |first1=Richard |title=RIBA plans more redundancies in cost-cutting drive |url=https://www.architectsjournal.co.uk/news/riba-plans-more-redundancies-in-cost-cutting-drive |access-date=31 January 2022 |work=Architects' Journal |date=31 January 2022}}</ref><ref name="Hopkirk-03Feb2022">{{cite news |last1=Hopkirk |first1=Elizabeth |title=Job cuts planned at RIBA to balance the books |url=https://www.building.co.uk/news/job-cuts-planned-at-riba-to-balance-the-books/5115863.article |access-date=3 February 2022 |work=Building |date=3 February 2022}}</ref> The organisation's annual report and accounts for the year ending 31 December 2022 reported a £6.3 million trading deficit (following shortfalls of £8 million in 2021 and £8.2 million in 2020), though the sale of its lease on 76 Portland Place for nearly £12 million had since helped balance its books.<ref name="Waite-27Sep2023">{{cite news |last1=Waite |first1=Richard |title=RIBA reports major trading deficit for third year in a row |url=https://www.architectsjournal.co.uk/news/riba-reports-major-trading-deficit-for-third-year-in-a-row |access-date=27 September 2023 |work=Architects' Journal |date=27 September 2023}}</ref>
In January 2022, the RIBA announced an architectural competition for RIBA-chartered architectural practices for a £20 million "comprehensive refurbishment" of its 66 Portland Place HQ.<ref name="Hickman-11Jan2022">{{cite news |last1=Hickman |first1=Matt |title=RIBA launches competition for major refresh of its historic London headquarters |url=https://www.archpaper.com/2022/01/riba-launches-competition-for-major-refresh-of-historic-london-headquarters/ |access-date=12 January 2022 |work=The Architect's Newspaper |date=11 January 2022}}</ref>
===British Architectural Library===
[[File:RIBA LibraryInterior.jpg|thumb|Reading Room, British Architectural Library, RIBA, 66 Portland Place, London]]
The British Architectural Library, sometimes referred to as the RIBA Library, was established in 1834 upon the founding of the institute with donations from members.<ref>Richardson, M. and Hind, C., ''66 Portland Place: The London Headquarters of the Royal Institute of British Architects'', 2004, {{ISBN|1859461379}}.</ref> Now, with over four million items, it is one of the three largest architectural libraries in the world and the largest in Europe. Some items from the collections are on permanent display at the [[Victoria and Albert Museum]] (V&A) in the V&A + RIBA Architecture Gallery and included in temporary exhibitions at the RIBA and across Europe and North America.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.themorgan.org/exhibitions/exhibition.asp?id=29 |title=Palladio and His Legacy: A Transatlantic Journey exhibition |publisher=Morgan Library and Museum |access-date=24 April 2010}}</ref> Its collections include:<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.architecture.com/LibraryDrawingsAndPhotographs/Collections/Collections.aspx |title=RIBA Library collections |publisher=Royal Institute of British Architects |access-date=27 January 2013}}</ref>
*'''Archives''': 1.5&nbsp;million items made up of architects' personal papers, correspondence, notebooks and diaries.
*'''Audiovisual materials''': Talks held at the RIBA, including talks by winners of the Royal Gold Medal.
*'''Biographical files''': 20,000 biographical files relating to a specific architect or firm. Files contain a mix of nomination papers for membership of the RIBA, obituaries, brochures, articles and letters.
*'''Books''': 150,000 books and 20,000 pamphlets, with the earliest book dating from 1478. Amongst the items is a first edition of [[Andrea Palladio]]'s ''I quattro libri dell'architettura'' from 1570 and [[John Tallis]]'s ''Tallis's London street views'' from 1838 to 1840.
*'''Drawings''': 1 million items are held. These predominantly cover British architects from the Renaissance to the present day, such as [[Ernő Goldfinger]], [[Charles Holden]] and [[Edwin Lutyens]]. It holds the world's largest collection of drawings by Andrea Palladio.
*'''Models''': Examples come from architects such as [[Denys Lasdun]] for his Keeling House and National Theatre, London.
*'''Periodicals''': 2,000 architectural titles collected, with complete sets of ''[[Architectural Review]]'', ''[[Architects' Journal]]'', and ''[[Country Life (magazine)|Country Life]]''.
*'''Photographs''': 1.5&nbsp;million items, including the archive of the Architectural Press. Items date from the 19th century, but with major holdings of 20th-century photographers such as [[Eric de Maré]], [[John Maltby]], John Donat and Henk Snoek.
The overcrowded conditions of the library was one of the reasons why the RIBA moved from 9 Conduit Street (where it had been since 1859) to larger premises at 66 Portland Place in 1934.<ref>[https://www.architecture.com/explore-architecture/inside-the-riba-collections/conduit-street-deeds RIBA: Conduit Street deeds]</ref> The library remained open throughout [[World War II]] and was able to shelter the archives of Modernist architect [[Adolf Loos]] during the war.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.architectsjournal.co.uk/culture/the-loos-canon-adolf-loos-at-the-riba/8610849.article |title=The Loos canon: Adolf Loos at the RIBA |work=Architects' Journal |date=3 February 2011 |access-date=27 January 2013}}</ref>
The library is based at two public sites: the Reading Room at the RIBA's headquarters, 66 Portland Place, London; and the RIBA Architecture Study Rooms in the Henry Cole Wing of the V&A. The Reading Room, designed by the building's architect George Grey Wornum and his wife Miriam, retains its original 1934 Art Deco interior with open bookshelves, original furniture and double-height central space. The study rooms, opened in 2004, were designed by [[Wright & Wright Architects]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.wrightandwright.co.uk/projects/archives/va_01.htm |title=V&A Museum / RIBA |publisher=Wright & Wright Architects LLP |access-date=27 January 2013}}</ref> The library is funded entirely by the RIBA but it is open to the public without charge. It operates a free learning programme aimed at students, education groups and families, and an information service for RIBA members and the public through the RIBA Information Centre.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.architecture.com/LibraryDrawingsAndPhotographs/Home.aspx |title=Library, drawings and photographs |publisher=Royal Institute of British Architects |access-date=27 January 2013}}</ref>
===V&A + RIBA Architecture Partnership===
[[Image:V&A + RIBA Architecture Gallery, Victoria and Albert Museum, London.jpg|thumb|V&A + RIBA Architecture Gallery, Room 128, Victoria and Albert Museum, London]]
Since 2004, through the V&A + RIBA Architecture Partnership, the RIBA and [[V&A]] have worked together to promote the understanding and enjoyment of architecture.<ref>[http://www.architecture.com/LibraryDrawingsAndPhotographs/RIBALibrary/ArchitecturePartnership/AboutThePartnership.aspx V&A + RIBA Architecture Partnership], Royal Institute of British Architects. Retrieved 24 April 2010.</ref>
In 2004, the two institutions created the Architecture Gallery (Room 128) at the V&A showing artefacts from the collections of both institutions, this was the first permanent gallery devoted to architecture in the UK. The adjacent Architecture Exhibition Space (Room 128a) is used for temporary displays related to architecture. Both spaces were designed by [[Gareth Hoskins Architects]]. At the same time the RIBA Library Drawing and Archives Collections moved from 21 Portman Place to new facilities in the Henry Cole Wing at the V&A. Under the Partnership new study rooms were opened where members of the public could view items from the RIBA and V&A architectural collections under the supervision of curatorial staff. These and the nearby education room were designed by Wright & Wright Architects.
In June 2022, the RIBA announced it would be terminating its partnership with the V&A in 2027, "by mutual agreement", ending the permanent architecture gallery at the museum. Artefacts will be transferred back to the RIBA's existing collections, with some rehoused at the institute's headquarters at 66 Portland Place, set to become a new House of Architecture following a £20 million refurbishment.<ref name="Waite-07Jun2022">{{cite news |last1=Waite |first1=Richard |title=RIBA and V&A rip up 20-year-old deal to showcase architecture collection |url=https://www.architectsjournal.co.uk/news/riba-and-va-rip-up-20-year-old-deal-to-showcase-architecture-collection |access-date=7 June 2022 |work=Architects' Journal |date=7 June 2022}}</ref>
==RIBA Awards==
{{main|Stirling Prize|Royal Gold Medal|RIBA House of the Year}}
[[File:R.I.B.A. plaque, Whitla Hall - geograph.org.uk - 1556673.jpg|thumb|RIBA plaque on Whitla Hall, [[Queen's University Belfast]]]]The RIBA has been awarding the [[RIBA President's Medals Students Award|President's Medals]] annually since 1836, making them the institute's oldest awards, and possibly the oldest awards worldwide in the field of architecture. The Institute runs many other awards including the [[Stirling Prize]] for the best new building of the year; the [[Royal Gold Medal]] (first awarded in 1848), which honours a distinguished body of work; the [[Stephen Lawrence]] Prize,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://stephenlawrenceprize.com/|title=The Stephen Lawrence Prize|website=The Stephen Lawrence Prize|access-date=14 March 2018}}</ref> sponsored by the [[Marco Goldschmied|Marco Goldschmied Foundation]], originally for projects with a construction budget of less than £1,000,000, and the President's Awards for Research.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.architecture.com/RIBA/Awards/RIBAPresidentsAwardsForResearch/RIBAPresidentsAwardsforResearch.aspx|title=RIBA President's Awards for Research|website=architecture.com|access-date=14 March 2018}}</ref> The [[RIBA European Award]] was inaugurated in 2005 for work in the European Union, outside the UK.  The [[RIBA National Award]] and the [[RIBA International Award]] were established in 2007. Since 1966, the RIBA also judges regional awards which are presented locally in the UK regions (East, East Midlands, London, North East, North West, Northern Ireland, Scotland, South/South East, South West/Wessex, Wales, West Midlands and Yorkshire). Inaugurated in 2001, the [[Michael Manser|Manser Medal]] was renamed the [[RIBA House of the Year]] award in 2014.<ref name="aj2015">{{cite journal|last1=Mark|first1=Laura|title=Manser Medal rebrands as RIBA House of the Year|journal=Architects Juournal|date=26 August 2015|url=https://www.architectsjournal.co.uk/news/manser-medal-rebrands-as-riba-house-of-the-year/8688116.article|access-date=24 May 2017}} ''Includes list of winners 2001–2014''</ref>
==RIBA competitions==
{{main|RIBA Competitions}}
RIBA Competitions is the Royal Institute of British Architects' unit dedicated to organising architectural and other design-related competitions.
[[Architectural design competition]]s are used by an organisation that plans to build a new building or refurbish an existing building. They can be used for buildings, engineering work, structures, landscape design projects or public realm artworks. A competition typically asks for architects and/or designers to submit a design proposal in response to a given Brief. The winning design will then be selected by an independent jury panel of design professionals and client representatives. The independence of the jury is vital to the fair conduct of a competition.
==''RIBA Plan of Work''==
The ''RIBA Plan of Work'', first developed in 1963, is a stage-by-stage model considered "the definitive design and process management tool for the UK construction industry".<ref name=plan>RIBA, [https://www.architecture.com/-/media/GatherContent/Test-resources-page/Additional-Documents/2020RIBAPlanofWorkoverviewpdf.pdf RIBA Plan of Work 2020: Overview], accessed 8 August 2021</ref> The latest version is the ''RIBA Plan of Work 2020'', which has eight stages, 0 to 7. This version replaced the 2013 version.<ref name=plan /> Previously, the ''RIBA Outline Plan of Work 2007'' used letters for each stage (stages A-L) rather than numbers.<ref>RIBA Bookshops, [http://www.ribabookshops.com/item/guide-to-using-the-riba-plan-of-work-2013/80462/ Guide to Using the RIBA Plan of Work 2013], accessed 12 April 2019</ref>
RIBA work plan stages are often referred to in architectural, planning and [[procurement]] contexts, for example procurement notices may specify the relevant stages of work for which professional support is required.<ref>E.g. [[Cheshire West and Chester Council|Cheshire West and Chester Borough Council]], [https://ted.europa.eu/udl?uri=TED:NOTICE:165804-2020:TEXT:EN:HTML&src=0 2020/S 069-165804: Contract award notice – results of the procurement procedure] for Chester Northgate Surface Water Drainage NEC3 Project Management, accessed 9 April 2020: "The ... project has reached the stage of the appointment of a Preferred Bidder ... and RIBA Design Stage 4, technical design."</ref>
==Education==
{{see also|Architectural education in the United Kingdom|Registration of architects in the United Kingdom|Bachelor of Architecture|Master of Architecture|Doctor of Architecture}}
In addition to the [[Architects Registration Board]], the RIBA provides accreditation to architecture schools in the UK under a procedure which validates courses at over 50 educational establishments across the UK.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.architecture.com/education-cpd-and-careers/riba-validation/riba-validated-schools-uk |title=RIBA Validated Schools|date=2022|publisher=Royal Institute of British Architects|accessdate=2022-09-23}}</ref> It also provides validation to international courses without input from the ARB.
The RIBA has three parts to the education process: Part I which is generally a three-year first degree, a year-out of at least one year work experience in an architectural practice precedes the Part II which is generally a two-year post graduate diploma or masters. A further year out must be taken before the [[Bachelor of Architecture#The RIBA three-part examinations|RIBA Part III]] professional exams can be taken. Overall it takes a minimum of seven years before an architecture student can seek [[Chartered (professional)|chartered]] status.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.britishcouncil.org/learning-infosheets-architecture.pdf|title=British Council|website=britishcouncil.org|access-date=14 March 2018}}</ref>
==Criticism==
===Lack of representation===
In common with other professional bodies established in the early 19th century, the RIBA was initially a men-only institution. Thomas Leverton Donaldson, the RIBA's first secretary aimed "To uphold ourselves the character of Architects as men of taste, men of science, men of honour";<ref name="Walker">[https://historicengland.org.uk/content/docs/research/women-architects-early-20th-century-pdf/ Lynne Walker, "Golden Age or False Dawn? Women Architects in the Early 20th century"], ''English-heritage.org''. Retrieved 17 September 2021.</ref> this vision of the masculine architect largely excluded women from the architecture profession for decades.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://bartletthistoryproject.tumblr.com/post/78428614670/ethel-bessie-charles|title=Ethel & Bessie Charles|website=The Bartlett History Project|date=March 2014 |access-date=2017-07-05}}</ref> More than 60 years after its foundation, the RIBA first admitted women as members in 1898; the first female member was [[Ethel Charles]] (1871–1962), followed by her sister [[Bessie Charles|Bessie]] (1869–1932) in 1900.<ref name="Ethel">{{cite web |title=Ethel Charles nomination papers |url=https://www.architecture.com/explore-architecture/inside-the-riba-collections/ethel-charles-nomination-papers |website=Architecture.com |access-date=17 September 2021}}</ref> It was then more than 30 years before the RIBA elected its first woman fellow, [[Gillian Harrison]] (1898–1974), in 1931,<ref name="Walker"/> and a further 77 years before RIBA elected its first female president, [[Ruth Reed]].<ref name=Reed>[http://www.architectsjournal.co.uk/home/ruth-reed-architect-at-home/1851953.article ''Ruth Reed: architect at home''], ''[[Architects' Journal]]'', 16 September 2008. Retrieved: 17 September 2021.</ref> There is no record of any of the buildings designed by the early women members.<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1295108886 |title=Making space : women and the man-made environment |date=2022 |others=Matrix |isbn=978-1-83976-571-1 |edition= |location=London |pages=19 |oclc=1295108886}}</ref>
In 1985, when under 5% of chartered architects were women, the Women Architects Forum was established. In 1993 the RIBA established a special interest group, the Women Architects Group; in 1999, renamed Women In Architecture, it became independent of the RIBA, which, in 2000, set up its first equality forum, Architects For Change. This became an umbrella group for Women In Architecture, the Society of Black Architects, student forum Archaos and other groups.<ref name="WIA-archived">{{cite web |title=Education: A brief overview of the diversity of the profession |url=http://women-in-architecture.com/index.php?id=39 |website=Women-in-architecture.com|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20171001013822/http://women-in-architecture.com/index.php?id=39|archive-date = 1 October 2017}}</ref> In 2017, around 17% of architects were women, up from 8% in 1999.<ref name="WIA-archived"/> In November 2024, the RIBA commissioned an investigation, to be undertaken by the [[Fawcett Society]], into gender equity in architecture. Women make up 31% of architects, while the average gender pay gap is 16%.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Ing |first1=Will |title=RIBA commissions probe into gender inequality in architecture |url=https://www.architectsjournal.co.uk/news/riba-commissions-gender-inequity-probe |access-date=4 November 2024 |work=Architects' Journal |date=4 November 2024}}</ref>
The RIBA has been criticised by architects outside southeast England as a London-centric organisation which does not reach out to all members in the United Kingdom and beyond.<ref name=Reedblast /><ref name="Waite-13Sep2011">{{cite news |last1=Waite |first1=Richard |title=London bias in Stirling judging, claims Bennetts |url=https://www.architectsjournal.co.uk/archive/london-bias-in-stirling-judging-claims-bennetts |access-date=28 July 2021 |work=Architects' Journal |date=13 September 2011}}</ref> The organisation has also been accused of [[institutional racism]],<ref name="Topping-09Aug2021">{{cite news |last1=Topping |first1=Alexandra |title=New RIBA president elected amid row over silencing of black architect |url=https://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/2018/aug/09/new-riba-president-elected-amid-row-over-silencing-of-black-architect |access-date=15 September 2021 |work=Guardian |date=9 August 2018}}</ref> of having a "deep, systemic disengagement from the membership", and of lacking transparency.<ref name="Johar-26Aug2021">{{cite news |last1=Johar |first1=Indy |title=The RIBA needs systemic change if presidents' promises are to mean anything |url=https://www.architectsjournal.co.uk/news/opinion/the-riba-needs-systemic-change-if-presidents-promises-are-to-mean-anything |access-date=9 September 2021 |work=Architects' Journal |date=26 August 2021}}</ref> In March 2022, young architects began a campaign to get the next RIBA president to move beyond "empty slogans and self-serving initiatives" and shake up an institute seen as "out of touch" with the wider profession.<ref name="Jessel-23Mar2022">{{cite news |last1=Jessel |first1=Ella |title=Young architects bid to elect 'drama-free' worker as RIBA president |url=https://www.architectsjournal.co.uk/news/young-architects-bid-to-elect-drama-free-worker-as-riba-president |access-date=23 March 2022 |work=Architects' Journal |date=23 March 2022}}</ref> The campaign included members of a grassroots organisation, the Future Architects Front (FAF), and the institute’s Future Architects Steering Group; their preferred candidate, [[Muyiwa Oki]], was named on 6 May 2022.<ref name="Waite-06May2022">{{cite news |last1=Waite |first1=Richard |title='Architect worker' chosen to challenge for RIBA presidency |url=https://www.architectsjournal.co.uk/news/architect-worker-chosen-to-challenge-for-riba-presidency |access-date=8 May 2022 |work=Architects' Journal |date=6 May 2022}}</ref> Days later, the RIBA announced a restriction on new members participating in the elections (starting on 28 June 2022), a rule change described by the FAF as "an outrageous lack of transparency" and "exclusionary tactics".<ref name="Ing-12May2022">{{cite news |last1=Ing |first1=Will |title=RIBA presidential election: rule change blocks new members from voting |url=https://www.architectsjournal.co.uk/news/riba-presidential-election-rule-change-blocks-new-members-from-voting?eea=*EEA*&eea=MHlxWE1tUEpjUUhscVZNVVV4MmhTYjFsU2xkTTBZRGZsTlIrYnJBck5zaz0%3D&deliveryName=DM47828 |access-date=12 May 2022 |work=Architects' Journal |date=12 May 2022}}</ref> Nonetheless, in August 2022, Oki was elected to be the next RIBA president from September 2023.<ref name="Waite-02Aug2022">{{cite news |last1=Waite |first1=Richard |title='Architect worker' Muyiwa Oki wins RIBA presidential election |url=https://www.architectsjournal.co.uk/news/architect-worker-muyiwa-oki-wins-riba-presidential-election |access-date=2 August 2022 |work=Architects' Journal |date=2 August 2022}}</ref> In 2024, the Just Transition group, which had also supported Oki, put forward another 'change' candidate, Funmbi Adeagbo, to succeed Oki as president in September 2025.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Spocchia |first1=Gino |title=RIBA presidential candidate Funmbi Adeagbo: 'Apprenticeships are not a silver bullet' |url=https://www.architectsjournal.co.uk/news/riba-presidential-candidate-funmbi-adeagbo-apprenticeships-are-not-a-silver-bullet |access-date=10 June 2024 |work=Architects' Journal |date=10 June 2024}}</ref>
Also in May 2022, a RIBA director, Dian Small, highlighted the lack of diversity at an RIBA awards event, suggesting black architects "were not invited". On 26 May 2022, the RIBA's first director of diversity and inclusion, Marsha Ramroop, left after 13 months with the organisation.<ref name="Ing-27May2022">{{cite news |last1=Ing |first1=Will |title=RIBA director says black architects 'were not invited' to awards event |url=https://www.architectsjournal.co.uk/news/riba-director-says-black-architects-were-not-invited-to-awards-event |access-date=27 May 2022 |work=Architects' Journal |date=27 May 2022}}</ref> In December 2022, the RIBA decided not to "proceed with the development and sale of an equality, diversity and inclusion (EDI) guidance book for practices, originally planned for 2024". The RIBA had commissioned Ramroop to write the book; she said she was "extremely disappointed that RIBA has taken the decision not to go ahead with publishing it."<ref name="Ing-11Jan2023">{{cite news |last1=Ing |first1=Will |title=RIBA scraps book deal with former diversity director |url=https://www.architectsjournal.co.uk/news/riba-scraps-book-deal-with-former-diversity-director |access-date=11 January 2023 |work=Architects' Journal |date=11 January 2023}}</ref>
===Governance===
{{main|Alan Jones (architect)}}
Questions about RIBA transparency were also raised by [[Alan Jones (architect)|Alan Jones]] during his presidency (2019–2021). Between 31 March and 15 June 2020, he temporarily stepped back over a matter in his private life,<ref name="Hurst-31Mar2020">{{cite news |last1=Hurst |first1=Will |last2=Waite |first2=Richard |title=Alan Jones stands down as RIBA president |url=https://www.architectsjournal.co.uk/10046753.article |access-date=31 March 2020 |work=Architects' Journal |date=31 March 2020}}</ref> reported by the RIBA as a "serious incident" to the [[Charity Commission for England and Wales|Charity Commission]].<ref name="Waite-01Apr2020">{{cite news |last1=Waite |first1=Richard |last2=Hurst |first2=Will |title=RIBA reports its president to Charity Commission over 'serious incident' |url=https://www.architectsjournal.co.uk/10046771.article |access-date=1 April 2020 |work=Architects' Journal |date=1 April 2020}}</ref> After an independent investigation, Jones resumed his role as president on 15 June 2020.<ref name="Pacheco-16June2020">{{cite news |last1=Pacheco |first1=Antonio |title=RIBA's Alan Jones returns to his presidential duties|url=https://archinect.com/news/article/150202852/riba-s-alan-jones-returns-to-his-presidential-duties |access-date=10 August 2020 |work=Archinect News |date=16 June 2020}}</ref> In July 2021, he stepped down as a RIBA trustee, feeling unable to support a proposal to renew the contract of the RIBA chief executive, Alan Vallance,<ref name="Waite-19Jul2021">{{cite news |last1=Waite |first1=Richard |title=RIBA president quits board as war breaks out with chief executive |url=https://www.architectsjournal.co.uk/news/riba-president-quits-board-as-war-breaks-out-with-chief-executive |access-date=19 July 2021 |work=Architects' Journal |date=19 July 2021}}</ref> having made "serious allegations" about Vallance's conduct in February 2020.<ref name="Waite-19Jul2021"/> Senior figures demanded the body 'come clean' about the conflict saying "The RIBA is becoming an increasingly secretive organisation. ... Confidentiality has been weaponised and woe betide anyone who wants to ask difficult questions...."<ref name="Waite-21Jul2021">{{cite news |last1=Waite |first1=Richard |title=RIBA crisis: architects demand transparency from 'secretive' institute |url=https://www.architectsjournal.co.uk/news/riba-crisis-architects-demand-transparency-from-secretive-institute |access-date=21 July 2021 |work=Architects' Journal |date=21 July 2021}}</ref> A Council Board Advisory Group was established, with a [[Queen's Counsel|QC]] investigating complaints.<ref name="Jessel-27Jul2021">{{cite news |last1=Jessel |first1=Ella |title=EXCLUSIVE Alan Jones: 'I was gagged and intimidated by RIBA Board' |url=https://www.architectsjournal.co.uk/news/exclusive-alan-jones-i-was-gagged-and-intimidated-by-riba-board |access-date=27 July 2021 |work=Architects' Journal |date=27 July 2021}}</ref> Jones told ''Architects' Journal'' that he had come under pressure from senior RIBA figures to resign, and felt that "in terms of [RIBA's] transparency and accountability, there is room for improvement."<ref name="Waite-10Sep2021">{{cite news |last1=Waite |first1=Richard |title=Alan Jones: 'How I've been treated has caused me and others distress' |url=https://www.architectsjournal.co.uk/news/alan-jones-how-ive-been-treated-has-caused-me-and-others-distress |access-date=10 September 2021 |work=Architects' Journal |date=10 September 2021}}</ref>
A RIBA council member, Kerr Robertson, was removed as a councillor in October 2022. Described by ''Architects' Journal'' as a [[whistleblower]], Robertson had criticised RIBA's board about issues including alleged conflicts of interest, institutional bullying, trustee interference in RIBA election rules changes, and a data breach.<ref name="Ing-26Oct2022">{{cite news |last1=Ing |first1=Will |title=RIBA Council ousts 'whistleblower' councillor |url=https://www.architectsjournal.co.uk/news/riba-council-ousts-whistleblower-councillor |access-date=26 October 2022 |work=Architects' Journal |date=26 October 2022}}</ref>
==Presidents==
Presidents of the RIBA are elected by RIBA members, serve a two-year term and chair the RIBA Council. The post was created in 1835, shortly after the institute's founding.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.architecture.com/knowledge-and-resources/knowledge-landing-page/alan-jones-elected-riba-president-2019-21|title=Alan Jones elected next RIBA President|website=www.architecture.com|access-date=2019-01-16}}</ref> In 2009, 174 years later, [[Ruth Reed]] became the institute's first female president.<ref name=Reed/>
The current RIBA president, serving from September 2023 to August 2025, is Muyiwa Oki, who was elected in August 2022<ref name="Waite-02Aug2022"/> and took office on 1 September 2023.<ref name="Spocchia-01Sep2023">{{cite news |last1=Spocchia |first1=Gino |title=New RIBA president Muyiwa Oki to 'put pressure' on government on retrofit |url=https://www.architectsjournal.co.uk/news/muyiwa-oki-to-put-pressure-on-government-on-retrofit-as-new-riba-president |access-date=1 September 2023 |work=Architects' Journal |date=1 September 2023}}</ref>
{{columns-list|colwidth=22em|
* 1835–1859 [[Thomas de Grey, 2nd Earl de Grey]]
* 1860–1861 [[Charles Robert Cockerell]]
* 1861–1863 [[William Tite]]
* 1863–1865 [[Thomas Leverton Donaldson]]
* 1865–1867 [[Alexander Beresford Hope|Alexander James Beresford-Hope]]
* 1867–1870 William Tite{{efn|name=2nd|second term}}
* 1870–1873 [[Thomas Henry Wyatt]]
* 1873–1876 [[George Gilbert Scott]]
* 1876–1879 [[Charles Barry, Jr.]]
* 1879–1881 [[John Whichcord Jr.]]
* 1881–1881 [[George Edmund Street]]{{efn|name=died|died in office}}
* 1882–1884 [[Horace Jones (architect)|Horace Jones]]
* 1884–1886 [[Ewan Christian]]
* 1886–1887 [[Edward I'Anson]]
* 1888–1890 [[Alfred Waterhouse]]
* 1891–1894 [[John Macvicar Anderson]]
* 1894–1896 [[Francis Penrose]]
* 1896–1899 [[George Aitchison]]
* 1899–1902 [[William Emerson (British architect)|William Emerson]]
* 1902–1904 [[Aston Webb]]
* 1904–1906 [[John Belcher (architect)|John Belcher]]
* 1906–1908 [[Thomas Edward Collcutt]]
* 1908–1910 [[Ernest George]]
* 1910–1912 [[Leonard Stokes]]
* 1912–1914 [[Reginald Blomfield]]
* 1914–1917 [[Ernest Newton]]
* 1917–1919 [[Henry Thomas Hare]]
* 1919–1921 [[John William Simpson (architect)|John William Simpson]]
* 1922–1923 [[Paul Waterhouse]]
* 1923–1925 [[John Alfred Gotch]]
* 1925–1927 [[Guy Dawber|Edward Guy Dawber]]
* 1927–1929 [[Walter Tapper]]<ref name="montrealgazette">{{cite news|title=Walter Tapper Dead at 74 Years|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1946&dat=19351019&id=gYg1AAAAIBAJ&pg=3964,2358832|access-date=16 September 2012|newspaper=Montreal Gazette (obituary)|date=19 October 1935}}</ref>
* 1929–1931 [[Banister Fletcher|Banister Flight Fletcher]]
* 1931–1933 [[Raymond Unwin]]
* 1933–1935 [[Giles Gilbert Scott]]
* 1935–1937 [[Percy Thomas]]
* 1937–1939 [[Harry Stuart Goodhart-Rendel]]
* 1939–1940 [[Edwin Stanley Hall]]
* 1940–1943 [[William Henry Ansell]]
* 1943–1946 Sir Percy Thomas{{efn|name=2nd|second term}}
* 1946–1948 [[Lancelot Keay]]
* 1948–1950 [[Michael Waterhouse]]
* 1950–1952 [[Andrew Graham Henderson]]
* 1952–1954 [[Howard Robertson (architect)|Howard Robertson]]
* 1954–1956 [[Charles Herbert Aslin]]
* 1956–1958 [[Kenneth Cross (architect)|Kenneth Cross]]
* 1958–1960 [[Basil Spence]]
* 1960–1962 [[William Holford, Baron Holford|William Holford]]
* 1962–1964 [[Robert Hogg Matthew]]
* 1964–1965 [[Donald Gibson (architect)|Donald Evelyn Edward Gibson]]
* 1965–1967 [[Lionel Brett, 4th Viscount Esher|Lionel Gordon Baliol Brett]]
* 1967–1969 [[Hugh Wilson (architect)|Hugh Wilson]]
* 1969–1971 [[Peter Shepheard|Peter Faulkner Shepheard]]
* 1971–1973 [[Alex Gordon (architect)|Alex Gordon]]
* 1973–1975 [[Fred Pooley]]
* 1975–1977 [[Eric Lyons]]
* 1977–1979 [[Gordon Graham (architect)|Gordon Graham]]
* 1979–1981 [[John Brian Jefferson]]
* 1981–1983 [[Owen Luder]]
* 1983–1985 [[Michael Manser]]
* 1985–1987 [[Larry Rolland]]
* 1987–1989 [[Rod Hackney]]
* 1989–1991 [[Maxwell Hutchinson]]
* 1991–1993 [[Richard MacCormac]]
* 1993–1995 [[Frank Duffy (architect)|Frank Duffy]]
* 1995–1997 Owen Luder{{efn|name=2nd|second term}}
* 1997–1999 [[David Rock (architect)|David Rock]]
* 1999–2001 [[Marco Goldschmied]]<ref>[http://www.designweek.co.uk/news/designers-join-forces-for-riba/1128265.article Design Week 14 December 2000]</ref>
* 2001–2003 Paul Hyett
* 2003–2005 [[George Ferguson (architect)|George Ferguson]]
* 2005–2007 Jack Pringle
* 2007–2009 [[Sunand Prasad]]
* 2009–2011 [[Ruth Reed]]<ref name=Reed/>
* 2011–2013 [[Angela Brady]]
* 2013–2015 [[Stephen Hodder]]<ref>[http://www.architectsjournal.co.uk/news/daily-news/stephen-hodder-named-next-riba-president/8630369.article?blocktitle=Daily-News&contentID=3169 Stephen Hodder named next RIBA president], ''Architects' Journal'', 15 May 2012</ref>
* 2015–2017 [[Jane Duncan (architect)|Jane Duncan]]<ref>[https://www.architecture.com/riba/contactus/newsandpress/pressreleases/2014/janeduncanelectednextpresidentoftheriba.aspx Jane Duncan elected next President of the RIBA] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170325124702/https://www.architecture.com/RIBA/Contactus/NewsAndPress/PressReleases/2014/JaneDuncanelectednextPresidentoftheRIBA.aspx |date=25 March 2017 }}, architecture.com, 23 July 2014</ref>
* 2017–2019 [[Ben Derbyshire]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.architecture.com/knowledge-and-resources/knowledge-landing-page/ben-derbyshire-elected-riba-president|title=Ben Derbyshire elected RIBA President|last=RIBA|date=9 May 2017|publisher=architecture.com}}</ref>
* 2019–2021 [[Alan Jones (architect)|Alan Jones]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.architecture.com/knowledge-and-resources/knowledge-landing-page/alan-jones-elected-riba-president-2019-21|title=Alan Jones elected RIBA President|last=RIBA|date=9 August 2018|publisher=architecture.com}}</ref>
* 2021–2023 [[Simon Allford]]<ref name="Ing-11Aug2020">{{cite news |last1=Ing |first1=Will |title=Simon Allford wins RIBA presidential election |url=https://www.architectsjournal.co.uk/news/2021-riba-president-announced |access-date=11 August 2020 |work=Architects' Journal |date=11 August 2020}}</ref>
*2023–2025 [[Muyiwa Oki]]<ref name="Waite-02Aug2022"/><ref name="Spocchia-01Sep2023"/>
* 2025–2027 Chris Williamson<ref>[https://www.architecture.com/about/riba-council/riba-vice-president-membership-and-riba-council-elections RIBA Elections 2024 - results] (2 July 2024), RIBA. Retrieved 2 July 2024.</ref>
}}
{{notelist}}
== Secretaries ==
The role of secretary of the RIBA was established in 1871. Between 1835 and 1870, the secretarial duties of the institute fell to honorary secretaries.<ref>{{Cite book|title=The Designer of Our Buildings|last=Cornford|first=L. Cope|publisher=R.I.B.A.|year=1921|location=London, 9 Conduit Street, W.}}</ref> Recent and current holders of the role are now referred to as chief executive.
{{columns-list|colwidth=22em|
* 1871–1878 [[Charles Eastlake]]
* 1878–1896 [[William H. White (architect)|William H. White]]
* 1897–1907 [[William John Locke]]
* 1908–1943 Sir Ian MacAlister
* 1945–1959 Cyril Douglas Spragg
* 1959–1968 [[Gordon Ricketts|Gordon Randolph Ricketts]]
* 1968–1987 Patrick Harrison
* 1987–1994 [[Bill Rodgers, Baron Rodgers of Quarry Bank|Bill Rodgers]]
* 1994–2000 Alexander Reid
* 2000–2009 Richard Hastilow
* 2009–2016 Harry Rich<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.architectsjournal.co.uk/news/harry-rich-quits-riba/10001945.article|title=Harry Rich quits RIBA|last=Mark|first=Laura|website=Architects Journal|date=22 January 2016 |language=en|access-date=2019-01-16}}</ref>
* 2016–2022 Alan Vallance<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.architectsjournal.co.uk/news/riba-names-alan-vallance-as-new-chief-executive/10011924.article|title=RIBA names Alan Vallance as new chief executive|last=Waite|first=Richard|website=Architects Journal|date=20 September 2016 |language=en|access-date=2019-01-16}}</ref><ref name="Lowe-27Apr2022">{{cite news |last1=Lowe |first1=Tom |title=Alan Vallance to step down as RIBA chief executive |url=https://www.bdonline.co.uk/news/alan-vallance-to-step-down-as-riba-chief-executive/5117254.article |access-date=8 May 2022 |work=Building Design |date=27 April 2022}}</ref>
* 2023–''present'' Valerie Vaughan-Dick<ref name="Ing-02Nov2022">{{cite news |last1=Ing |first1=Will |title=RIBA appoints new chief executive |url=https://www.architectsjournal.co.uk/news/riba-appoints-new-chief-executive |access-date=12 June 2023 |work=Architects' Journal |date=2 November 2022}}</ref>
}}
==See also==
* [[Royal Town Planning Institute]]
* [[Chartered Institute of Architectural Technologists]]
* [[Chartered Institute of Building]]
* [[Construction Industry Council (United Kingdom)|Construction Industry Council]]
* [[Joint Contracts Tribunal]]
* [[RIBA Knowledge Communities]]
* [[The Georgian Group]]
== References ==
{{reflist}}
===Bibliography===
* [[Howard Colvin|H.M. Colvin]] (1997). ''A Biographical Dictionary of British Architects, 1600–1840''  {{ISBN|0-300-07207-4}}
* Charles Read ''Earl de Grey'' (2007)[https://www.academia.edu/431771/Earl_de_Grey] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180929103242/http://www.academia.edu/431771/Earl_de_Grey |date=29 September 2018 }}, published by Willow Historical Monographs [https://www.amazon.co.uk/Earl-Grey-Charles-Philip-Read/dp/0955569303]
* {{cite book | title=The Royal Institute of British Architects: a guide to its archive and history | author1=Angela Mace | author2=Robert Thorne | publisher=Mansell Pub. | year=1986 | isbn=0-7201-1773-9 }}
* {{cite book | title=66 Portland Place: the London headquarters of the Royal Institute of British Architects | url=https://archive.org/details/66portlandplacel00rich | url-access=registration | author=Margaret Richardson | publisher=RIBA Publications | year=1984 | isbn=9780900630903 }}
==External links==
{{commons category}}
* [http://www.architecture.com RIBA official website]
* [https://www.architecture.com/RIBA/Visitus/Library/TheRIBALibrary.aspx British Architectural Library] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221006183433/http://www.architecture.com/RIBA/Visitus/Library/TheRIBALibrary.aspx |date=6 October 2022 }} The RIBA's books, journals, photographs, drawings and archives collections
* [http://riba.sirsidynix.net.uk/uhtbin/webcat RIBA/BALT library catalogue online]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20140531090354/http://www.architecture.com/RIBA/Visitus/Library/Libraryservices.aspx RIBA Catalogue locations and current access]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20140225010407/http://www.architecture.com/EducationAndCareers/Validation/Validatedcourses.aspx RIBA  Schools list]
* [http://www.presidentsmedals.com RIBA President's Medals Student Awards]
* [http://www.ribapix.com RIBApix] Images from the RIBA's collections
* [http://www.architecture.com/competitions RIBA Competitions]
* [http://www.ribabookshops.com RIBA official architecture bookshop]
* [http://www.ribaj.com The RIBA Journal]
===Video clips===
* [https://www.youtube.com/user/ribaarchitecture RIBA Architecture YouTube channel]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20081221102629/http://www.gleeds.tv/index.cfm?category=38 RIBA International Dialogues: Architecture and Climate Change Talk series] Video archive of the lectures
* [http://www.thenbs.com/nbsTV/index.asp NBS TV]
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[[Category:Commonwealth Association of Architects]]
[[Category:Libraries in the City of Westminster]]
[[Category:Organisations based in London with royal patronage]]
[[Category:Organisations based in the City of Westminster]]
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[[Category:Professional associations based in the United Kingdom|British Architects]]
[[Category:Registration of architects in the United Kingdom]]