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{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2014}}
'''Russian embargo of Ukrainian goods''' refers to trade sanctions [[Russia]] launched against [[Ukraine]] starting in July and August 2013.
That resulted from putting all Ukrainian importers to the "list of risk" by the [[Federal Customs Service of Russia]] on 14 August 2013 that resulted the embargo of imports from Ukraine to Russia.<ref>[http://www.iss.europa.eu/uploads/media/Alert_Ukraine_trade.pdf The Russia-Ukraine trade spat] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140924132949/http://www.iss.europa.eu/uploads/media/Alert_Ukraine_trade.pdf |date=24 September 2014 }}. ''EU Institute for Security Studies''. (August 2013).{{Dead link|date=September 2021}}</ref><ref>[http://bigstory.ap.org/article/russia-accused-trade-war-against-ukraine Russia accused of trade war against Ukraine]. ''The Big Story''. (15 August 2013). {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131107054335/http://bigstory.ap.org/article/russia-accused-trade-war-against-ukraine |date=7 November 2013 }}</ref>
== Timeline of the events ==
=== 2013 ===
In the end of July 2013 Russian customs officers began unreasonable total inspection of all vehicles that transported Ukrainian goods. That forced Ukrainian cargoes idle on the [[Russia–Ukraine border|border]].<ref>[http://dt.ua/ECONOMICS/ukrayina-poskarzhitsya-u-yevraziysku-komisiyu-na-torgovelnu-blokadu-rosiyi-126788_.html Україна поскаржиться у Євразійську комісію на «торговельну блокаду» Росії]. ''Дзеркало тижня''. (15.08.2013). {{in lang|uk}}</ref>
On 29 July 2013 Russian sanitary service has introduced a ban on the supply of products of [[Roshen]] company to Russia because of pretended violations found after examination.<ref>[https://www.nytimes.com/2013/10/30/business/international/ukrainian-chocolates-caught-in-trade-war-between-europe-and-russia.html?pagewanted=all&_r=0 Chocolate Factory, Trade War Victim]. ''New York Times''. (29 October 2013).</ref><ref>[http://www.kyivpost.com/content/russia-and-former-soviet-union/russia-bans-imports-of-output-of-major-ukrainian-confectionary-producer-onishchenko-327631.html Onishchenko: Russia bans imports of output of major Ukrainian confectionery producer]. ''Kyiv Post''. (29 July 2013).</ref> However, some countries which import the same sweets of Roshen, after their examinations, said they did not find any violations and they have no complaints about the company's products.<ref>[http://www.unn.com.ua/en/news/1237639-kazakhstan-ne-viyaviv-benzopiren-u-produktsiyi-roshen Kazakhstan did not find benzopyrene in the Roshen products]. ''Ukrainian National News''. (5 August 2013).</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20151208064524/http://yellowpage.in.ua/en/archives/61711 Kyrgyzstan not found any violations in the Roshen products]. ''Yellow Page''. (15 August 2013).</ref><ref>[http://euroradio.fm/en/belarus-not-ban-roshen Belarus not to ban Roshen candies]. ''euroradio.fm''. (6 August 2013).</ref><ref>[http://www.blackseanews.net/en/read/68522 Moldova will check Roshen products at European laboratory]. ''Black Sea News''. (7 August 2013).</ref> According to the Basil Yurchishin, who is a Director of Economic Programs of [[Razumkov Centre]], the ban on supply of Roshen production to Russia is a part of [[Russia–Ukraine relations|Russian policy against Ukraine]].<ref>[http://tyzhden.ua/News/86157 Експерти: влада Росії оцінює якість українських товарів власними геополітичними інтересами]. ''Український тиждень''. (03.08.2013). {{in lang|uk}}</ref> This confrontation got a name "Chocolate War".
In the first half of 2013, the Russian part of [[Economy of Ukraine|Ukrainian exports]] amounted to 23.7%.<ref>[http://ukrainianweek.com/Politics/87671 The Kremlin's Bluff]. ''The Ukrainian Week''. (23 August 2013).</ref>
From the end of July 2013 to the beginning of a full embargo about 40 Ukrainian companies were put to the "list of risk" of Russian customs.<ref>[http://dt.ua/ECONOMICS/rosiya-bez-ogoloshennya-viyni-posilila-tisk-na-ukrayinskih-importeriv-126613_.html Росія «без оголошення війни» посилила тиск на українських імпортерів]. ''Дзеркало тижня (12.08.2013)'' {{in lang|uk}}</ref>
On 14 August 2013 the Federal Customs Service of Russia put all Ukrainian importers to the "list of risk".<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20141102195342/http://yellowpage.in.ua/en/archives/61676 Russian customs stopped the whole Ukrainian import]. ''Yellow Page''.</ref> These actions resulted in embargo of imports from Ukraine to Russia. Lines of hundreds of trucks and railcars with Ukrainian goods began to form at the border checkpoints from Ukraine to Russia.<ref name="grom">[http://gromtv.net/22768-voina-rossiya-voina Росія оголосила Україні торговельну війну] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130821030710/http://gromtv.net/22768-voina-rossiya-voina |date=21 August 2013 }}. ''Гром TV''. (15.08.2013). {{in lang|uk}}</ref> For example, on 15 August on one of the control points (Bryansk-Lgovskiy Station) about 1 000 cars with Ukrainian cargoes were suspended.<ref>[http://podrobnosti.ua/economy/2013/08/15/923859.html На российско-украинской таможне скопилось около тысячи грузовых вагонов]. ''Подробности''. (15.08.2013). {{in lang|ru}}</ref> A number of Ukrainian companies, including suppliers of fruits and vegetables, poultry, confectionery, wines and steel products, reported having problems with customs clearance of their goods at the border with Russia. The "[[Obolon CJSC|Obolon]]" company suspended all export to Russia.<ref name="tsn">[https://tsn.ua/groshi/cherez-blokadu-na-mitnici-rosiya-zalishitsya-bez-kiyivskogo-piva-306888.html Через блокаду на митниці Росія залишиться без київського пива (відео)]. ''1+1, ТСН''. (15.08.2013). {{in lang|uk}}</ref>
On 18 August 2013 Adviser to the President [[Sergey Glazyev]] said that if Ukraine signs [[Ukraine–European Union Association Agreement|Association Agreement with the European Union]] customs policy for Ukrainian companies would be made more strict.<ref>[http://euobserver.com/foreign/121146 Ukraine and Russia on path to trade war over EU pact]. ''EU Observer''. (19 August 2013).</ref>
On 19 August 2013 Ministry of income and charges of Ukraine and [[Federal Customs Service of Russia]] during the negotiations agreed that additional customs control for Ukrainian goods will not be applied any more, products of Ukrainian companies will cross the Russian customs in normal mode.<ref name="md">[http://ua.interfax.com.ua/news/general/164807.html ФМС Росії повідомила про повернення до штатного розмитнення українських товарів&nbsp;— Міндоходів]. ''Інтерфакс-Україна''. (20.08.2013). {{in lang|uk}}</ref>
On 20 August 2013 Ministry of income and charges Ukraine and the Federal Customs Service of Russia announced the end of a trade war.<ref>[http://zik.ua/ua/news/2013/08/30/426968 Азаров заспокоїв країни МС: Ризики від асоціації України можна звести до нуля]. ''Zik''. (30.08.2013). {{in lang|uk}}</ref>
On 21 August 2013 [[Prime Minister of Ukraine]] [[Mykola Azarov]] said that the Federal Customs Service of Russia brought their apologizes to companies, that faced the problems with supply of goods from Ukraine to Russia.<ref name="UPazar">[http://www.pravda.com.ua/news/2013/08/21/6996455/ Азаров звинувачує українські компанії в блокаді на російській митниці]. ''Українська правда''. (21.08.2013). {{in lang|uk}}</ref>
Meanwhile, Russian customs continued to work with "additional control procedures".<ref>[http://tyzhden.ua/News/87471 На українському кордоні митниця Росії продовжує працювати з «додатковими процедурами контролю»]. - ''Український тиждень (21.08.2013)'' {{in lang|uk}}</ref><ref>[http://www.itar-tass.com/c1/847464.html На украинской границе в Белгородской области таможня РФ продолжает работать с применением дополнительного контроля]. ''ИТАР-ТАСС''. (21.08.2013). {{in lang|ru}}</ref>
On 20 September 2013 it was reported that the Russian customs let Ukrainian goods pass normally, without additional procedures. It was reported by "[[Ukrinform]]" referring to the government commissioner for cooperation with the [[Russian Federation]], members of [[Commonwealth of Independent States|CIS]], [[EurAsEC]] and other regional associations Valery Muntiyan.<ref>[http://newsar.ukrinform.com/ukr/order/?id=1232117 Постачання українських товарів до Росії нормалізувалися - Мунтіян] {{webarchive|url=https://archive.today/20130925121224/http://newsar.ukrinform.com/ukr/order/?id=1232117 |date=25 September 2013 }}. ''Укрінформ''. (20.09.2013). {{in lang|uk}}</ref>
On 17 October 2013 the Minister of Agrarian Policy and Food of Ukraine [[Mykola Prysyazhnyuk]] reported that customs control of Ukrainian confectionery increases again on the border with Russia.<ref>[http://tsn.ua/groshi/rosiya-zablokuvala-ukrayinski-solodoschi-na-kordoni-316022.html Росія заблокувала українські солодощі на кордоні]. ''ТСН''. (17.10.2013). {{in lang|uk}}</ref>
On 31 October 2013 it was reported that the relevant authorities of the Russian Federation launched new measures for the ''"enforcement of customs regulations for goods imported into the territory of the [[Eurasian Customs Union|Customs Union]]."''  Because of this, many trucks with Ukrainian goods could not enter the territory of Russia.<ref>[http://www.pravda.com.ua/news/2013/10/31/7001082/ На кордоні з Росією черги з фур через нові норми МС]. ''Українська правда''. (31.10.2013). {{in lang|uk}}</ref>
On 12 November 2013 Russia introduced new regulations for transporting of goods through the [[Russia–Ukraine border]] that forced queues of trucks to form again.<ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9aqJ4ib0A2w#t=24 Нові черги на кордоні з РФ]. ''5 канал''. (13.11.2013). {{in lang|uk}}</ref>
=== 2014 ===
On the night of 28 to 29 January 2014 Russia tightened customs control procedures. This was stated by the Association of International Road Carriers and Federation of Employers of Ukraine. Almost all cargoes going from Ukraine to Russia, now have to be carefully checked. The carrier must unload all products at the border at his own expense. Then they must be weighted, checked for certificates of [[conformity]]. The whole procedure of the registration can last up to 15 days.<ref name="liganet">[http://biz.liga.net/all/all/stati/2699106-zachem-rossiya-vozobnovlyaet-torgovuyu-voynu.htm Зачем Россия возобновляет торговую войну]. ''liga.net''. (29.01.2013). {{in lang|ru}}</ref>
In the beginning of April 2014, Russia banned imports of Ukrainian sweets, chocolate and cheese, and blocked the transit of Ukrainian sugar to the Central Asia. In response, Ukraine rejected Russian chocolates, cheese and fish.<ref>[http://www.bbc.co.uk/ukrainian/press_review/2014/04/140410_press_review_ko.shtml Війна з Росією іде на п'яти фронтах - ЗМІ]. ''BBC Україна''. (10.04.2014). {{in lang|uk}}</ref>
Early December 2014 500 trucks with Russian coal were barred from entering Ukraine for several days although Ukrainian officials stated they "fulfilled our payment liabilities in full".<ref>[http://en.interfax.com.ua/news/general/238184.html Russia continues to block 500 trucks holding already bound for Ukraine with coal], [[Interfax-Ukraine]] (5 December 2014)</ref>
== Reactions ==
=== Public reaction ===
{{main|Do not buy Russian goods!}}
[[File:Акція бойкот російських товарів.jpg|right|thumb|200px|Action of movement "[[Vidsich]]" near the [[Presidential Administration of Ukraine]] with demand to give appropriate response to the trade embargo of [[Ukraine]] by Russia, 22 August 2013]]
On 14 August 2013, short after the beginning of the embargo, civic movement "[[Vidsich]]" called in [[Social Network]]s for a [[Do not buy Russian goods!|boycott of Russian goods]] to respond the embargo of Ukrainian goods.<ref>[http://tyzhden.ua/News/87066 У соцмережах українців закликають бойкотувати російські товари]. ''tyzhden.ua''. (15 August 2013). {{in lang|uk}}</ref> This message had massively spread in social networks. On 22 August near the [[Presidential Administration of Ukraine]] activists held an action during which announced the launch of campaign of [[Do not buy Russian goods!|boycott of Russian goods]]. Activists launched a massive campaign on the Internet to attract volunteers and activists to work. From 24 August they massively distributed leaflets calling for a boycott in dozens of cities in Ukraine. Since November activists also begun to distribute leaflets calling for not buying goods in Russian stores and not being served in Russian banks. Activists distributing leaflets often faced resistance and attacks from unknown persons, private security or police officers. Since the beginning of [[Euromaidan]] in November 2013 campaign lost its scope. However, activists announced the restoration of campaign in March 2014 after the beginning of the [[Annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation|Russian annexation of Crimea]].
=== International response ===
On 28 August 2013 the [[European Parliament Committee on Foreign Affairs]] held an emergency meeting on the situation in [[Egypt]] and [[Ukraine]]. The initiator of the extraordinary session was chairman of the committee [[Elmar Brok]].<ref>[http://www.pravda.com.ua/news/2013/08/19/6996299/ Європа стурбована, що Росія погрожує Україні]. ''Українська правда''. (19.08.2013). {{in lang|uk}}</ref> Committee supported Ukraine in trade conflict with Russia. It was decided to raise that issue on the [[G20]] summit in [[Saint Petersburg]] and pass a resolution about the support of Ukraine.<ref>[http://www.bbc.co.uk/ukrainian/politics/2013/08/130828_euparliament_special_committee_results_vc.shtml В Європарламенті домовились, як захистити Україну від Росії]. ''BBC'' (28.08.2013). {{in lang|uk}}</ref>
Government of Germany, commenting the trade embargo, called on Russia to respect the right of Ukraine for the close relationship with [[European Union]].<ref>[http://www.ua-today.com/modules/myarticles/article_storyid_58616.html Германия прямо объяснила Путину и его оркам, что нечего закатывать Украине сцены ревности] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130823183719/http://www.ua-today.com/modules/myarticles/article_storyid_58616.html |date=23 August 2013 }}. ''Сегодня''. (21.08.2013). {{in lang|ru}}</ref>
On 12 September 2013 [[The European Parliament]] have adopted the resolution on Russia's pressure on the countries of [[Eastern Partnership]] and called on the [[European Union]] leadership to protect [[Ukraine]], [[Moldova]] and [[Armenia]]. The European Parliament called on the [[European Commission]] and the [[European External Action Service]] to consider Russia's actions being beyond the economy and being in a political dimension.<ref>[http://register.consilium.europa.eu/doc/srv?l=EN&f=ST%2013695%202013%20INIT The Resolution about the pressure exercised by Russia on countries of the Eastern Partnership in the context of the upcoming summit in Vilnius]. Public register of documents of The council of European Union (11 September 2013).</ref><ref>[http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?type=MOTION&reference=B7-2013-0393&language=EN European Parliament resolution on the pressure exerted by Russia on Eastern Partnership countries (in the context of the upcoming Eastern Partnership Summit in Vilnius)]. European Parliament website (12 September 2013).</ref>
On 25 September 2013 the European Parliament supported the introduction of restrictions against the import of Russian goods in response to the same actions against countries of Eastern Partnership. If Russia introduces visa restrictions for citizens of these countries it will get "mirrored" measures for their citizens. In addition, the [[European Parliament Committee on Foreign Affairs]] asked to ensure compliance with the European laws by Russian companies.<ref>[http://tvi.ua/new/2013/09/25/yes_zaklykaye_blokuvaty_rosiyskyy_import ЄС закликає блокувати російський імпорт] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141108220358/http://tvi.ua/new/2013/09/25/yes_zaklykaye_blokuvaty_rosiyskyy_import |date=8 November 2014 }}. ''ТВі''. (25.09.2013). {{in lang|uk}}</ref>
On 23 November 2013, after the announcement by [[Cabinet of Ukraine]] about suspension of the process of signing of association agreement with the EU and after the beginning of [[Euromaidan]], [[Chancellor of Germany]] [[Angela Merkel]] said she wants to talk to the president [[Vladimir Putin]] about stopping the pressure on Ukraine.<ref>[http://www.pravda.com.ua/news/2013/11/23/7002820/ Меркель хоче дізнатися, коли Кремль припинить тиск на Україну]. ''Українська правда''. (23.11.2013). {{in lang|uk}}</ref>
== Causes ==
According to the investigation of "[[Zerkalo Nedeli]]" newspaper, the reason for the embargo of Ukrainian production is pressure on the Ukrainian government to disrupt the signing of [[European Union–Ukraine Association Agreement|association agreement]] with the EU, scheduled to sign at the November 2013, Vilnius Summit. The newspaper describes the events as opening of the first front of "economic war" against Ukraine. This is indicated in the investigation that Russia wants to maintain its influence over Ukraine.<ref>[http://saryusz-wolski.pl/aktualnosci/zobacz/721/on_set_of_measures_aimed_at_involving_ukraine_into_eur-asian_integration_process Set of Measures, Aimed at Involving Ukraine into EurAsian Integration Process] {{webarchive|url=https://archive.today/20141102195056/http://saryusz-wolski.pl/aktualnosci/zobacz/721/on_set_of_measures_aimed_at_involving_ukraine_into_eur-asian_integration_process |date=2 November 2014 }}. ''Jacek Saryusz-Wolski''. (26 August 2013).</ref>
=== Opinions of experts and politicians ===
* Ukrainian political scientist, political strategist, analyst and director of the Institute of Global Strategies Vadim Karasyov said:<ref>[http://www.unn.com.ua/uk/exclusive/1240689-rosiya-ne-zmozhe-zirvati-integratsiyu-ukrayini-v-yes-ekonomichnimi-vazhelyami-v-karasov Росія не зможе зірвати інтеграцію України в ЄС економічними важелями&nbsp;— В.Карасьов]. ''UNN''. (15.08.2013). {{in lang|uk}}</ref>
{{pull quote|Reason for such actions of Russia is Ukraine's intent to sign Association Agreement and Free Trade Area Agreement with the European Union. That is European integration to EU. Thats why Russia if not to disrupt then to complicate process of signing of Association Agreement between Ukraine and EU at the Vilnius Summit of [[Eastern Partnership]] in November of 2013 starts total economic embargo of Ukraine instead of local temporary trade conflicts.}}
* [[Prime Minister of Ukraine]] [[Mykola Azarov]]
** Linkins problems in trade relations with Russia with the development and structuring of [[Eurasian Customs Union|"Customs Union"]] (15 August 2013)<ref>[http://www.globalpost.com/dispatch/news/afp/130815/ukraine-exports-blocked-russia-trade-tension-mounts Ukraine exports "blocked by Russia", trade tension mounts] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141104113115/http://www.globalpost.com/dispatch/news/afp/130815/ukraine-exports-blocked-russia-trade-tension-mounts |date=4 November 2014 }}. ''Global Post''. (15 August 2013).</ref>
** ''"Customs problems with the supply of Ukrainian goods to Russia occurred because the Ukrainian companies did not react on warnings of Russian customs about possible regime change."'' (21 August 2013)<ref name="UPazar"></ref>
* [[Minister for Foreign Affairs (Sweden)|Minister for Foreign Affairs of Sweden]] [[Carl Bildt]] said that Russia started trade confrontation with Ukraine to block its relations with the European Union (16 August 2013).<ref>[http://www.modernukraine.eu/swedish-foreign-minister-suspects-russia-of-attempting-to-thwart-ukraines-cooperation-with-eu/ Swedish Foreign Minister suspects Russia of attempting to thwart Ukraine's cooperation with EU]. European Centre for a Modern Ukraine. (16 August 2013).</ref>
* [[Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Lithuania)|Foreign Minister of Lithuania]] [[Linas Antanas Linkevičius|Linas Linkyavichus]] called the introduction of intensive inspections of all Ukrainian goods crossing the Russian border a clear response to Ukraine's intends to sign an Association Agreement with the EU.<ref name="RS">[http://www.radiosvoboda.org/content/article/25082404.html Європа стала на захист України в економічній війні з Росією]. ''Радіо Свобода''. (21.08.2013). {{in lang|uk}}</ref>
* Russian analyst Alexei Portanskiy, Professor of Department of World Economy and World Politics of the High School of Economy suggests that in a such hard way Russia is trying to make it clear to Ukraine that Ukraine's economic interests are in the Russian market.<ref name="grom"></ref>
* Co-Chairman of "Business Russia" Anton Danilov-Danilyan:<ref name="grom"></ref>
{{pull quote|I do not think this story has a political background. The actions of our customs on the Russian-Ukrainian border show that they decided to discover where we have the most significant shortfall in imports, and plug these holes.}}
* According to the chairman of the [[State Duma]] Committee for [[Commonwealth of Independent States|CIS]] Leonid Slutsky, this is just a bureaucratic issue because Ukraine is not a member of the Customs Union. Slutsky hopes that by the end of August 2013 the customs services of the both countries will overcome all difficulties.<ref>[http://www.tradekeynews.com/2013/08/in-russia-confirmed-that-export.html In Russia confirmed that export problems are related to Customs Union] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141102224330/http://www.tradekeynews.com/2013/08/in-russia-confirmed-that-export.html |date=2 November 2014 }}. ''Trade Key News''.</ref>
* A member of the political council of [[Party of Regions]] [[Aleksey Plotnikov (politician)|Aleksey Plotnikov]] stated that the current trade and economic situation between Ukraine and Russia must not be qualified as war, only as a manifestation of panic of Russia which have lost (2 September 2013).<ref>[http://republic.com.ua/article/28714-Soratnik-Yanukovicha-DeystviYa-RF---eto-ne-voyna-a-panika-proigravshey-storony.html Соратник Януковича: Действия РФ - это не война, а паника проигравшей стороны]. ''Re:public''. (03.09.2013). {{in lang|ru}}</ref>
* According to the former [[President of Ukraine]] [[Viktor Yushchenko]], trade war which was really launched by Russia, is a manifestation of trying to achieve political goals by the means of economic blackmail, and the real purpose is permanent elimination of independence of Ukraine.<ref>[http://www.unian.ua/politics/823379-yuschenko-kaje-scho-kreml-peretvoriv-tsukerki-na-znaryaddya-viyni.html Ющенко каже, що Кремль перетворив цукерки на знаряддя війни]. ''Уніан''. (15.08.2013). {{in lang|uk}}</ref>
== Effects ==
According to the Federation of Employers of Ukraine in the beginning of the embargo the loss for Ukraine from the Russia's actions can reach $2–2,5 billion in the second half of 2013.<ref>[http://www.interpretermag.com/trade-war-with-russia-could-devastate-ukraines-budget/ Trade War With Russia Could Devastate Ukraine's Budget]. ''The Interpreter''. (16 August 2013).</ref>
According to Ukrainian experts as for 22 August 2013 the 10-days embargo on the Russian border can hit some manufacturers, but the scale of losses in whole Ukraine is only ₴500 million. Experts also believe that the unpredictable behaviour of Russia will force Ukrainian businessmen to seek new markets for their products, as well as make supporters of joining the [[Eurasian Customs Union|"Customs Union"]] change their mind.<ref name="ATR">[http://atr.ua/watch/?video=2013-08-22-21-46-14-0535039 Акція ГР «Відсіч» під Адміністрацією Президента (відео)]{{dead link|date=March 2016}}. ''ATR''. (22.08.2013). {{in lang|uk}}</ref>
On 24 August 2013 on [[Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty|Radio "Liberty"]] MP of [[European Parliament]] [[Pawel Kowal]] published an article in which he suggested that the situation of tension in relations between Ukraine and Russia is just the beginning of the pressure that will continue and increase.<ref>[http://www.radiosvoboda.org/content/article/25084610.html Час здорових нервів]. ''Радіо Свобода''. (24.08.2013). {{in lang|uk}}</ref>
Sociologist, Director of "[[Democratic initiatives]]" Irina Bekeshkina said that Ukraine at the end of August 2013 is winning [[information war]] with Russia. However, according to experts, Russia will enhance the information and economic impact on Ukraine.<ref>[http://ipress.ua/news/kyiv_poky_shcho_vygraie_informatsiynu_viynu_z_moskvoyu__bekeshkina_26850.html Київ поки що виграє інформаційну війну з Москвою - Бекешкіна]. ''iPres.ua''. (Серпень 2013). {{in lang|uk}}</ref> Senior Advisor to the [[Embassy of Russia in Kyiv|Russian Embassy in Ukraine]] Igor Sevastiyanov indirectly confirmed this statement, saying this embargo is "training".
Also, according to [[Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty|Radio "Liberty"]] with reference to the heads of the companies in the end of August 2013 it was reported that some Ukrainian companies through the trade confrontation between Ukraine and Russia are shifting to other markets. Some companies do not feel any problems with exports.<ref>[http://www.radiosvoboda.org/content/article/25089044.html Українські виробники пристосовуються до експортних перешкод Росії]. ''Радіо Свобода''. (28.08.2013). {{in lang|uk}}</ref>
Representatives of EU said they are ready to introduce additional steps to support Ukraine - from simplification of visa for Ukraine to financial help. Also, EU thinks about complication of access to European market for Russian goods.<ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uyx51chuYIs Поки Москва лякає Україну наслідками євроінтеграції, ЄС готовий скасувати майже всі мита (відео)]. ''1+1, ТСН''. (27.09.2013). {{in lang|uk}}</ref>
== See also ==
* [[2005–06 Russia–Ukraine gas dispute]]
* [[Ukraine–European Union Association Agreement]]
* [[Annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation]]
==References==
{{reflist|colwidth=30em}}
{{Russian intervention in Ukraine}}
{{Annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation}}
{{authority control}}
[[Category:Boycotts of countries]]
[[Category:Trade wars]]
[[Category:2013 in Russia]]
[[Category:2013 in Ukraine]]
[[Category:2014 in Russia]]
[[Category:2014 in Ukraine]]
[[Category:Russia–Ukraine relations]]
[[Category:International disputes]]
[[Category:Anti-Ukrainian sentiment]]
[[Category:Boycotts of Ukraine]]
[[Category:Sanctions and boycotts during the Russo-Ukrainian War]]
[[Category:Vidsich]]