View source for Scaleby

{{Short description|Village in Cumbria, England}}
{{about|the village in England|the estate in the United States|Scaleby (Boyce, Virginia)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2019}}
{{Use British English|date=September 2019}}
{{infobox UK place
| country                  = England
| coordinates              = {{coord|54.959|-2.870|display=inline,title}}
| official_name            = Scaleby
| static_image             = Church of All Saints, Scaleby - geograph.org.uk - 690286.jpg
| static_image_caption     = Church of All Saints, Scaleby
| population               = 346
| population_ref           = (2011) <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.neighbourhood.statistics.gov.uk/dissemination/LeadTableView.do?a=7&b=793023&c=Scaleby&d=16&e=15&g=432267&i=1001x1003x1004&m=0&r=1&s=1335789337208&enc=1&dsFamilyId=779|title= Office For National Statistics Neighbourhood Statistics|website=Neighbourhood.statistics.gov.uk |year=2001|access-date=13 March 2012}}</ref>
| civil_parish             = Scaleby
| shire_district           = [[City of Carlisle|Carlisle]]
| shire_county             = [[Cumbria]]
| metropolitan_borough     =
| metropolitan_county      =
| region                   = North West England
| constituency_westminster = [[Penrith and The Border (UK Parliament constituency)|Penrith and The Border]]
| post_town                = [[Carlisle, Cumbria|Carlisle]]
| postcode_district        = CA6
| postcode_area            = CA
| dial_code                = 01228
| os_grid_reference        = NY4491463185
| pushpin_map              = United Kingdom City of Carlisle
| pushpin_map_caption      = Location in the [[City of Carlisle]] district, [[Cumbria]]
| label_position           =
}}
[[File:Scaleby Castle, Cumbria - geograph.org.uk - 50853.jpg|thumb|[[Scaleby Castle]]]]
'''Scaleby''' is a village and [[civil parish]] in the [[English county]] of [[Cumbria]]. It is bounded on the north by [[Kirklinton]] and [[Irthington]]; whilst to the south lie [[Stanwix]] and [[Crosby-on-Eden]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.genuki.org.uk/big/eng/CUL/Scaleby|title=Genuki: Scaleby, Cumberland|website=Genuki.org.uk|access-date=7 July 2022}}</ref> Scaleby is located six miles north-east of the city of [[Carlisle, Cumbria|Carlisle]], and has a population of 349,<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.neighbourhood.statistics.gov.uk/dissemination/LeadTableView.do?a=7&b=793023&c=Scaleby&d=16&e=15&g=432267&i=1001x1003x1004&m=0&r=1&s=1335789337208&enc=1&dsFamilyId=779| url-status = dead| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20141224225227/http://www.neighbourhood.statistics.gov.uk/dissemination/LeadTableView.do?a=7&b=793023&c=Scaleby&d=16&e=15&g=432267&i=1001x1003x1004&m=0&r=1&s=1335789337208&enc=1&dsFamilyId=779| archive-date = 2014-12-24| title = Lead View Table}} </ref> falling slightly to 346 at the 2011 Census.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.neighbourhood.statistics.gov.uk/dissemination/LeadKeyFigures.do?a=7&b=11128232&c=CA6+4JA&d=16&e=62&g=6411727&i=1001x1003x1032x1004&m=0&r=0&s=1435224540157&enc=1|title=Parish population 2011|website=Neighbourhood.statistics.gov.uk|access-date=25 June 2015}}</ref> Scaleby is located close to the [[M6 motorway]] making it relatively accessible to anyone interested in its two main attractions; [[Scaleby Castle]]<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.visitcumbria.com/car/scaleby-castle.htm| title = Scaleby Castle |website=Visitcumbria.com}} </ref> and the Church of All Saints,<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.visitcumbria.com/churches/scaleby-all-saints-church.htm| title = Scaleby All saints Church |website=Visitcumbria.com}}</ref> the former having many links with notable names in history.
The line of [[Hadrian's Wall]] passes a couple of miles south of Scaleby.
== Population ==
Scaleby has seen a significant decrease in population since the [[Industrial Revolution]] of the 18th and 19th Centuries. In the 1821 Census report, the population of Scaleby was 618 compared to 2001 when this figure was a significantly lower 349.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/data_cube_page.jsp?data_theme=T_POP&data_cube=N_TOT_POP&u_id=10012120&c_id=10001043&add=N| url-status = dead| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160304001621/http://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/data_cube_page.jsp?data_theme=T_POP&data_cube=N_TOT_POP&u_id=10012120&c_id=10001043&add=N| archive-date = 2016-03-04| title = Scaleby AP/CP through time {{!}} Population Statistics {{!}} Total Population}} </ref> As Britain moved away from its traditionally agricultural industry, Scaleby's population decreased simultaneously. The parish was always agriculturally based with peat once dug in the area; <ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.thecumbriadirectory.com/Town_or_Village/location.php?url=scaleby| url-status = dead| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20131030210701/http://www.thecumbriadirectory.com/Town_or_Village/location.php?url=scaleby| archive-date = 2013-10-30| title = Scaleby, Cumbria}} </ref> and without the demand for primary products, the village became unsustainable. In the 1831 Census report, the three dominant industries in Scaleby were; Retail and Handicrafts, Agricultural Labourers, and Non-Agricultural Labourers.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/data_cube_page.jsp?data_theme=T_IND&data_cube=N_OCC_PAR1831&u_id=10012120&c_id=10001043&add=Y|title=Males aged 20 and over, in 9 occupational categories|website=Visionofbritain.org.uk|access-date=7 July 2022}}</ref> It was due to this that Scaleby saw the level of migration it did. Workers were plying their trade elsewhere. More recently there has been far smaller variance in population. In the previous 20 years there had been an increase of 3% <ref>[http://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/data_rate_page.jsp?u_id=10012120&c_id=10001043&data_theme=T_POP&id=2] {{dead link|date=July 2022}}</ref> and even more recently; the previous 10 years there has been a decrease of roughly 1%.<ref>[http://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/data_rate_page.jsp?u_id=10012120&c_id=10001043&data_theme=T_POP&id=1] {{dead link|date=July 2022}}</ref> Scaleby also experienced a decline in housing between 1850 and 1930, decreasing from 122 to 87 showing again how this small villages economy struggled to get out of decline it found itself in. With the vast amounts of farmland available in the 3464 acres that spans Scaleby-East and Scaleby-West, agriculture remains the number one industry for this struggling parish.
== History ==
Scaleby differs from many other villages, it is traditionally a parish and therefore is a district with only one church and one priest. This church is the '''Church of All Saints''', an early 13th-century [[Church of England]] edifice with a 14th-century tower. It's a grade II listed [[English Heritage]] building with blocks of dressed red sandstone that are thought to be from the nearby [[Hadrian's Wall]]. This has many stunning features from the original round arch entrance to the white marble plaques to members of the Fawcett and Farrer families; therefore due to its sublime appearance and extreme importance it would be expected to be the hub of the parish village. However, just 0.5 miles from the centre of Scaleby is [[Scaleby Castle]]. A grade I English Heritage building that isn't open to the public. Scaleby Castle boasts a long and illustrious history, in reality making it the closest building to making Scaleby well known.
It is unknown exactly when Scaleby Castle was built as it did not originate as a castle. The first recorded information about the castle is that it was granted to Richard de Talliol by [[Henry I of England|Henry I]] at some point between 1100 and 1135. After many years of building and repairs it was declared a castle in 1367. The Castle continued to struggle with decay into the 1500s until Sir Richard Musgrave restored it. In 1645 the Castle was damaged by parliamentary troops. It remained ruinous from 1772 until the final restoration took place in the early 1800s. The Castle still stands today although there are still signs of what the building has been through with the three stories above the basement vault remaining ruined. This remains the main attraction to Scaleby, the moat flowing right around the Castle is another key feature contributing to the stunning appearance of the castle.
== Scaleby today ==
Today Scaleby is home to 349 people of which 183 are males and 166 are females.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.neighbourhood.statistics.gov.uk/dissemination/LeadTableView.do?a=7&b=793023&c=Scaleby&d=16&e=15&g=432267&i=1001x1003x1004&o=1&m=0&r=1&s=1336489180132&enc=1&ds| url-status = dead| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20150402133705/http://www.neighbourhood.statistics.gov.uk/dissemination/LeadTableView.do?a=7&b=793023&c=Scaleby&d=16&e=15&g=432267&i=1001x1003x1004&o=1&m=0&r=1&s=1336489180132&enc=1&ds| archive-date = 2015-04-02| title = Neighbourhood Statistics}} </ref> Of the 259 members of the population 192 are economically active. This shows that there is wealth within Scaleby. Looking further into this, the number of people employed in service industries is 130, whereas there are only 66 people working in 'extractive and manufacturing industries'. This shows that Scaleby is beginning to move away from its traditional agricultural society and people are working in Hotel and Catering, Real Estate, Health and Social work.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.neighbourhood.statistics.gov.uk/dissemination/LeadTableView.do?a=7&b=793023&c=Scaleby&d=16&e=15&g=432267&i=1001x1003x1004&o=1&m=0&r=1&s=1336489180132&enc=1&dsFamilyId=783| url-status = dead| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20150402102009/http://www.neighbourhood.statistics.gov.uk/dissemination/LeadTableView.do?a=7&b=793023&c=Scaleby&d=16&e=15&g=432267&i=1001x1003x1004&o=1&m=0&r=1&s=1336489180132&enc=1&dsFamilyId=783| archive-date = 2015-04-02| title = Check Browser Settings}} </ref> There is also a greater distance{{than what?|date=September 2019}} travelled by the population of Scaleby; on average people are travelling 36.71&nbsp;km to work every day.{{citation needed|date=September 2019}}
==See also==
{{portal|Cumbria}}
*[[Listed buildings in Scaleby]]
== References ==
{{Reflist}}
== External links ==
*[http://www.cumbriacountyhistory.org.uk/township/scaleby-east-west  Cumbria County History Trust: Scaleby (East and West)] (nb: provisional research only – see Talk page)
{{Commons category-inline|Scaleby}}
{{authority control}}
[[Category:Scaleby| ]]
[[Category:Villages in Cumbria]]
[[Category:Civil parishes in Cumbria]]
[[Category:City of Carlisle]]