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{{Short description|Rural locality in Chernihiv Oblast, Ukraine}}
{{rough translation|Ukrainian|date=August 2022}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name               = Sedniv (Седнів)
| settlement_type    = [[Populated places in Ukraine#Rural settlements|Rural settlement]]
| image_skyline      = {{Photomontage|position=center
| photo1a                       = Sedniv George Church DSC 7209.jpg
| photo2a                       = Кам"яниця Лизогубів.jpg
| photo2b                       = Седнів Воскресенська церква фото02 2014.jpg
| photo3a                       = Седнiвська школа.jpg
| size                       = 275
| spacing                    = 2
| color                      = #FFFFFF
| border                     = 0
}}
| image_caption      =
| imagesize          =
| image_flag         =
| image_shield       = Sedniv gerb.png
| image_blank_emblem =
| nickname           =
| motto              =
| image_map          =
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| subdivision_type   = Country
| subdivision_type1  = [[Oblasts of Ukraine|Oblast]]
| subdivision_type2  = [[Raions of Ukraine|Raion]]
| subdivision_name   = {{flag|Ukraine}}
| subdivision_name1  = [[Chernihiv Oblast]]
| subdivision_name2  = [[Chernihiv Raion]]
| established_title  = Founded
| established_date   =
| established_title1 =
| established_date1  =
| leader_title       = [[Mayor]]
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| area_magnitude     =
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| area_water_km2     =
| population_as_of   = 2022
| population_note    =
| population_total   = 1041
| population_metro   =
| population_density_km2 = auto
| pushpin_map        = Ukraine Chernihiv Oblast#Ukraine
| pushpin_label_position =
| pushpin_mapsize    = 256
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| coordinates        = {{coord|51|38|36|N|31|34|8|E|region:UA_type:city|display=inline,title}}
| elevation_m        = |
| postal_code_type   = [[Postal code]]
| postal_code        = 14000
| area_code          = (+380)
| registration_plate = CB / 25
| blank_info         =
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| website            =
| footnotes          =
| subdivision_type3  = [[Hromada]]
| subdivision_name3  = [[Sedniv settlement hromada]]
}}
'''Sedniv''' ([[Ukrainian language|Ukrainian]]: Седнів) is a [[Populated places in Ukraine#Rural settlements|rural settlement]] in [[Chernihiv Oblast]], [[Ukraine]]. It is located in [[Chernihiv Raion]], hosting the administration of [[Sedniv settlement hromada]], one of the [[hromada]]s of Ukraine.<ref name="admreform_2020_sedniv">{{cite web |title=Седнівська громада |url=https://gromada.info/gromada/sednivska/ |publisher=Портал об'єднаних громад України |language=Ukrainian}}</ref> Population: {{Ua-pop-est2022|1,041|.}}
Sedniv is famous for being the hometown of the [[Lyzohub family]] of [[Cossack]]s. The population of Sedniv suffered from [[Holodomor]], causing it to lose its [[township]] in 1932. Sedniv was restored to a town in 1959.
Sedniv is located where the Ruthenian city of Snovsk used to be before it was destroyed by the Tatars in 1239. It is unknown when the town changed its name. In 1648-1781 it was a district (sotnia) seat of the Chernihiv region (polk).
==History==
===Prehistory===
Modern researchers trace the history of Sedniv to the Danish settlement of [[:da:Seden]], from which the city got its name.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Tyschenko |first=K. |title=Khaliphate and Sivera: A Toponymical Trace in Ukraine |year=2011 |location=Kyiv |pages=272–275 |language=uk}}</ref> When the territories of the modern-day Chernihiv region were captured by the [[Rurik dynasty]], Sedniv was renamed to Snovesk ({{langx|uk|Сновеськ}}).
===Kievan Rus'===
{{Unreferenced section|date=December 2021}}
The settlement is first mentioned in chronicles as an ancient fortress city of Snovsk. In 1068, [[Sviatoslav II of Kiev|Prince Sviatoslav]] with three thousand soldiers defeated 12 000 soldier [[Cumans|Cuman]] army near Snovsk. The name comes from the River Snov (''"sleep" - wash, bathe)''. Folk legend tells other versions of the town's name:
"The devastating hordes of the Crimean Tatars attacked Snovsk, but could not take the city-fortress. The Tatars then called the city of Snovsk "Sidnaame"(сидняме), which translated from Tatar language as if to mean ''evil and brave''. Hence - Sedniv."
From 10th to 11th centuries, Snovsk was one of the strongholds of [[Kievan Rus']], the center of a separate administrative unit - Snovskian Thousand.
From 12th to 13th centuries, Snovsk was a part of the Chernihiv principality that was later destroyed by Tatars invaders in 1239.
In the mid-14th century, the city was incorporated into the [[Grand Duchy of Lithuania]].
===Cossack Hetmanate===
{{Unreferenced section|date=December 2021}}
[[File:Lysohub-Sedniv.jpg|left|thumb|200px|Lyzohub Stonehouse (Кам'яниця Лизогубів), [[Taras Shevchenko]], 1846.]]
Between 1648 and 1781 - Sedniv was a [[sotnia]] town of the [[Chernigov Regiment|Chernihiv Regiment]], and later - the parish town of [[Little Russia Governorate (1796–1802)|Little Russia Governorate]] before being incorporated into [[Chernigov Governorate|Chernihiv Governorate]] in 1802. The town also housed the [[:uk:Седнівський полк|Sedniv Regiment]] for a short time in 1659.
At the end of the 17th century, Sedniv became a chattel of the Cossack [[Lyzohub family]].
===Russian Empire===
In the middle of the 19th century, the town was divided into two parts: Mills and Tanners. A thriving regional center of tannery, by 1859 Sedniv had 10 tanneries, [[lard]] and candle manufactories, as well as 11 mills.<ref>{{Cite web |last1=Vermenych |first1=Y. |last2=Vortman |first2=D. |title=Encyclopedia of History of Ukraine |url=http://resource.history.org.ua/cgi-bin/eiu/history.exe?&I21DBN=EIU&P21DBN=EIU&S21STN=1&S21REF=10&S21FMT=eiu_all&C21COM=S&S21CNR=20&S21P01=0&S21P02=0&S21P03=TRN=&S21COLORTERMS=0&S21STR=Sedniv_smt |access-date=2022-05-18 |website=Institute of History of Ukraine}}</ref>
===Ukrainian People's Republic===
{{POV|date=October 2020}}
In 1917, Sedniv became part of newly created [[Ukrainian People's Republic]]. During the [[Ukrainian-Soviet War]] the town was captured by Russian troops on January 20, 1918, and was retaken by joint German and Ukrainian armies on March 18, 1918.
Soviet-aligned [[:uk:Богунський полк|Bohun Cossack Regiment]] attacked the town on January 10, 1919, annexing it into [[Ukrainian People's Republic of Soviets]]. 25 UPR soldiers died in the battle; their remains were buried at the local cemetery.<ref>[http://www.memory.gov.ua/ua/publication/print/1314.htm ''Ервін Міден''. Полум'яні літа української революції: події в Седневі // Сайт УІНП]</ref>
===Soviet era===
{{POV|date=October 2020}}
Soviet administration was established in August 1920 with the formation of Sedniv Village Council. During the post-war administrative reform, the town became part of [[Chernihiv Oblast]]'s [[Horodnia Raion]].
Sedniv was heavily hit by the [[Holodomor]]. As the town's inhabitants heavily resisted Soviet collectivization policies, the town was included into the Soviet [[Blacklisting (Soviet policy)|black boards]].<ref>[https://archive.today/20120804115849/www.memory.gov.ua/ua/506.htm Перелік населених пунктів України занесених на «Чорні дошки» у 1932–1933 роках. Смт. Седнів]</ref> At least 145 people perished during this period, and the town itself was downgraded into a village.
===2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine===
{{Main|2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine}}
Russian forces entered Sedniv in early morning hours of February 24, 2022.<ref name=":0">{{Cite news |date=2022-04-19 |title=Техніка на десятки мільйонів: жителі Седнева підраховують вкрадене росіянами |language=Ukrainian |trans-title=Tens of Millions [of Hryvnias] Worth of Appliances: Sedniv Residents Count the Goods Stolen by Russians |work=[[Suspilne]] |url=https://suspilne.media/230321-tehnika-na-desatki-miljoniv-ziteli-sedneva-pidrahovuut-vkradene-rosianami/ |access-date=2022-08-22}}</ref> The town was initially used as staging area for further Russian advances in Chernihiv Oblast; according to locals, Russian forces came in three waves.
Local inhabitants reported excessive looting and intimidation by Russian forces;<ref name=":0" /> according to local culturologists, a number of places of historical and architectural significance were either damaged or outright destroyed.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-03-07 |title=У місті Седнів на Чернігівщині росіяни нищать пам'ятку культури-маєток голови Полтавської губернської земської управи Федора Лизогуба |url=https://poltava.to/project/7251/ |access-date=2022-08-22 |website=Інтернет-видання «Полтавщина» |language=Ukrainian}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Ivantsiv |first=Anastasia |date=2022-06-02 |title=Цвіт Чернігівщини. Частина друга. Деокупований Седнів |trans-title=The Pride of Chernihiv Oblast: Part Two. Sedniv Deoccupied. |url=https://lb.ua/society/2022/06/02/518774_tsvit_chernigivshchini_chastina_druga.html |access-date=2022-08-22 |website=LB.ua}}</ref> Days before Russian army officially pulled back from North Ukraine, local media reported that on-the-ground military units were burning corpses of their fallen in a local starch factory furnaces.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-03-23 |title=Седнів на Чернігівщині "задихається": росіяни масово спалюють трупи своїх військових |trans-title=Sedniv is choking as Russians burn the corpses of their soldiers en masse |url=https://www.ukrinform.ua/rubric-regions/3438108-sednevu-na-cernigivsini-zagrozue-toksicna-nebezpeka-rosiani-spaluut-trupi-svoih-vijskovih.html |access-date=2022-08-22 |website=www.ukrinform.ua |language=Ukrainian}}</ref>
Until 26 January 2024, Sedniv was designated [[urban-type settlement]]. On this day, a new law entered into force which abolished this status, and Sedniv became a rural settlement.<ref name="glavnoe">{{cite news |title=Что изменится в Украине с 1 января |url=https://glavnoe.in.ua/ru/novosti/chto-yzmenytsya-v-ukrayne-s-1-yanvarya |work=glavnoe.in.ua |lang=ru| date=1 January 2024}}</ref>
==Administrative==
The village is on the list of historic settlements of Ukraine approved by the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine in 2001.<ref>[http://www.kmu.gov.ua/document/59657393/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%20%D0%9A%D0%9C%D0%A3%20%D0%B2%D1%96%D0%B4%2026%20%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%BD%D1%8F%202001%20%D1%80%20N%20878.doc Постанова Кабінету Міністрів України від 26 липня 2001&nbsp;р. №878 «Про затвердження Списку історичних населених місць України»]</ref>
==Geography==
The village is located on the [[Snov|River Snov]], and sits about 25&nbsp;km from the railway station in [[Chernihiv]].
==Demographics==
=== Population data ===
{| width="333px" border="0" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="5" style="border:1px solid #AAAAAA;"
|-bgcolor="#EEEEEE"
! 1959 !! 1979 !! 1989 !! 2001 !! 2016
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
| align=center| 2395
| align=center| 1930
| align=center| 1836
| align=center| 1351
| align=center| 1103
|}
=== Population distribution by native language <small>(2001)</small> ===
{| width="250px" border="0" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="5" style="border:1px solid #AAAAAA;"
|-bgcolor="#eeeeff"
! Ukrainian!! Russian
|- bgcolor="#f7f9ff"
| align=center|95,86%
| align=center|3,92%
|}
==Culture==
===Historical sites===
[[File:Георгіївська церква (дер.).jpg|right|thumb|200px|St.George's Church]]
* St. George's Church, a wooden church built on or before 1747<ref>[http://val.ua/culture/Culture/202273-print.html Світлини церкви Святого Юра (Георгія) в с. Седнів]</ref>
* Remains of Sedniv's ancient city walls
* [[Kamianytsia Lyzohub|Lyzohub Manor]] (Kamianytsia Lyzohub), a 17th century manor formerly belonging to Coloner Iakov Lyzohub of [[Chernigov Regiment|Chernihiv Regiment]]
* Church of the Resurrection of the Christ, Lyzohubs' family crypt, constructed in 1690
* Chernihiv Energy Museum<ref>[http://www.gorod.cn.ua/news/gorod-i-region/69159-v-sedneve-otkryli-unikalnyi-muzei-energetiki.html В Седневе открыли уникальный музей энергетики], gorod.cn.ua, 22 грудня 2015</ref>
==Education==
During the Soviet era, the Lyzohub Manor was converted into an elementary school by the regional government. A new educational complex, consisting of a kindergarten and a secondary school, was constructed in 2012.
==Gallery==
<gallery class="center">
File:Kamenitsa in Sednev (Ukraine).JPG|Church of the Resurrection
File:Кам'яниця Лизогубів. Вид з північного сходу..JPG|Lyzohub Family Manor
File:Kamenica in Sednev (Ukraine).JPG|Lyzohub Family Manor
File:Sunrise at Sednev (Ukraine).jpg|Sunrise in Sedniv
File:Седнів. Альтанка.JPG|[[Hlibov's Gazebo]]
File:Чарівна мить жовтневого світанку.jpg|[[Hlibov's Gazebo]] in 2018
File:Аркадій Казка 01.jpg|Monument to Andrii Kazka
File:Смт.Седнiв. Садиба Лизогуба.JPG|Lyzohub Family Manor
File:Річка Снов.jpg|River Snov
File:Вид на Седнів з р.Снов.jpg|View on Sedniv from river Snov
File:Георгіївська церква в Седневі.jpg|St. George's Church in Sedniv (2012)
File:Воскресенська церква в Седневі.jpg|Church of the Resurrection with a bell tower in Sedniv
File:Седнівський НВК.jpg|New Sedniv school
File:Вид на р. Снов з Седнева.jpg|View on river Snov from the Sedniv observation deck
File:Вид на Седнів.jpg|View on churches from river Snov
</gallery>
==References==
{{reflist}}
==External links==
* [http://w1.c1.rada.gov.ua/pls/z7502/A005?rdat1=19.07.2008&rf7571=41353 Brief information] at the [[Verkhovna Rada]] website
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20150427224006/http://castles.com.ua/sedniv.html Sedniv] at the Castles and temples of Ukraine website
{{Chernihiv Raion}}
{{authority control}}
[[Category:Chernigovsky Uezd]]
[[Category:Blackboard places]]
[[Category:Rural settlements in Chernihiv Raion]]