View source for Serie D

{{short description|Highest Italian non-professional association football league}}
{{About|the Italian football league|the Brazilian fourth division|Campeonato Brasileiro Série D}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2022}}
{{Infobox football league
| logo                 = Serie D logo (2017).svg
| pixels               = 180px
| country              = [[Italy]]
| other countries      = [[San Marino]]
|organiser             = [[Lega Nazionale Dilettanti]]
| confed               = [[UEFA]]
| founded              = 1948 as ''Promozione'' <br> 1981 as ''Campionato Interregionale''
| divisions            = 9
| teams                = 166
| relegation           = [[Eccellenza]]
| promotion            = [[Serie C]]
| levels               = 5 (1959–2014)<br>4 (2014–)
| domest_cup           =
| league_cup           = [[Coppa Italia Serie D]]
| confed_cup           =
| champions            =[[Campobasso FC|Campobasso]] (1st title)
| most successful club = [[Siena FC SSD|Siena]] (2 titles)
| season               = [[2023–24 Serie D|2023–24]]
| website              = {{URL|https://seried.lnd.it/it/serie-d|seried.lnd.it}}
| current              = [[2024–25 Serie D]]
| tv                   = [[Rai Sport]]<br />[[Sportitalia]]
}}
The '''Serie D''' ({{IPA|it|ˈsɛːrje ˈdi}}) is the highest level of semi-professional football in Italy. The fourth tier of the Italian league system, the competition sits beneath the third professional league, [[Serie C]]. It is administered by the [[Lega Nazionale Dilettanti]] and is organized by the [[Rome|Roman]] ''Comitato Interregionale'' (Interregional Committee), a "league in the league" inside the LND.
==History==
In 1948 the three leagues running Division 3 (Serie C) had to be reorganized due to an ever-growing number of regional teams.  FIGC decided not to relegate the excess teams to regional championships. It chose the winners and a few runners-up from the 36 Serie C championships to be added to the new third division set up into 4 groups. The rest of the teams joined the new '''Promozione''', which changed its name in 1952 into '''IV Serie''' (Fourth Division) and then in 1959 into '''Serie D'''.
From 1959 each player in the Serie D championships had to opt for semi-professional status, by signing a specially issued status attribution form. The championship was thus included in the ''Lega Nazionale Semiprofessionisti'', today known as [[Lega Pro]]. Serie D was re-organized in 1981 when championships were reduced. The league name changed into the '''Interregional'''.  Players lost semi-pro status and converted to amateurs. The championship subsequently passed into the [[Lega Nazionale Dilettanti]]. From 1992 to 1999 the name changed into '''Campionato Nazionale Dilettanti''' before eventually returning to the current '''Serie D''' name. With the merger of the Lega Pro's two divisions at the end of the 2013–14 season (as decided by the FIGC and Lega Pro in November 2012) to reestablish Serie C,<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.asca.it/news-Calcio__CF_approva_riforma_Lega_Pro__60_squadre_dal_2014_15-1221204-SPR.html |publisher=ASCA Agenzia di Stampa |language=it |access-date=30 November 2012 |date=21 November 2012 |title=Calcio: CF approva riforma Lega Pro, 60 squadre dal 2014-15 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121130204847/http://www.asca.it/news-Calcio__CF_approva_riforma_Lega_Pro__60_squadre_dal_2014_15-1221204-SPR.html |archive-date=30 November 2012 }}</ref> Serie D and the leagues below it moved up by one level in the pyramid system, reducing the number of leagues in Italian football to nine.
==Structure==
Since the early 1990s, Serie D has consisted of 162 teams split into 9 regional divisions ('''Gironi'''), usually formed of 18 teams each, divided geographically.
For the [[2012–13 Serie D#Standings|2012–13 season]], there were 166 teams.  Two groups ('''B''' and '''C''') were formed of 20 teams.  In the 2013–14 season the number was 161 and one group ('''H''') comprised 17 teams. For 2014–15 the distribution by region was as follows:
* '''Girone A''' – teams from [[Aosta Valley]], [[Piedmont]], [[Liguria]] and [[Lombardy]].
* '''Girone B''' – teams from [[Lombardy]] and [[Veneto]].
* '''Girone C''' – teams from [[Friuli-Venezia Giulia]], [[Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol]] and Veneto.
* '''Girone D''' – teams from [[Emilia-Romagna]], [[Tuscany]] and Veneto.
* '''Girone E''' – teams from [[Lazio]], [[Tuscany]] and [[Umbria]].
* '''Girone F''' – teams from [[Abruzzo]], [[Lazio]], [[Marche]] and [[Molise]].
* '''Girone G''' – teams from [[Lazio]] and [[Sardinia]].
* '''Girone H''' – teams from [[Apulia]], [[Basilicata]] and [[Campania]].
* '''Girone I''' – teams from [[Calabria]], [[Campania]] and [[Sicily]].
==Promotions==
The first-placed team from each division is promoted to [[Serie C]] each year, replacing 9 teams from Lega Pro relegated to Serie D.
If a newly promoted Serie D team fails to meet the requirements, Lega Pro asks the second-placed team in that Serie D team's division to fill the vacancy. Failing that, the third-placed team may fill the vacancy, and so on.
In recent years, one or more teams from the professional leagues have normally failed to meet the regulatory or financial requirements in order to participate. This usually creates vacancies that get announced in the summer rest period as the new season is being organized. As teams move up to fill the void created by these failed teams or teams in the lowest professional division fail, spaces are created in Serie C (or Lega Pro Seconda Divisione prior to the 2014–15 season) that need to be filled.
For example, in the 2007–08 season there were nine such failures, and thus, nine Lega Pro Seconda Divisione spaces were created. Four of those spaces were filled by ''calling back'' teams that had played in Seconda Divisione but were relegated to Serie D for the next season. The other five vacancies were filled by Serie D teams that had participated in the Serie D playoffs.
==Playoffs==
Playoffs are held at the conclusion of the regular season and involve teams placed second through fifth in each division. The first two rounds are single game elimination matches played at the home of the higher-classified team. Games ending in ties are extended to extra time. Since the 2007–08 season, if games are still tied after extra time, the higher classified team is declared the winner. No penalty shootout takes place.
In round one, for each division, the 5th-placed team is matched against the 2nd-placed team, and the 4th-placed team is matched against the 3rd-placed team. Round two matches together the two winners. At the end of round two, one team from each division survives and the nine winners are grouped into 3 groups of three and play each team in their own group once (one at home and one away). The three group winners qualify for the play-off semi-finals. Since 2007–08, the [[Coppa Italia Serie D]] winner qualifies for the 4th semi-final spot. The semi-finals are a two-legged tie, with the winners qualifying for a one-game final match played at a neutral site.
The playoff results provide the league with a list from which it may choose teams to fill vacancies in Serie C. The number of teams promoted through this method can vary each year; for example in 2007–08, the top 5 placed play-off teams were selected to fill vacancies, however, in 2006–07, no teams were needed to fill vacancies.
==Relegations Playout==
After the regular season is complete, bottom teams in each division play a double-leg series (6th-last vs 3rd-last, 5th-last vs 4th-last). The winners remain in Serie D for the following season.  The two losers are relegated to [[Eccellenza]], a regional amateur league below this, for a total of 4 relegations in each division, 36 in total for the league.
There are no play-out if the difference between 6th-last vs 3rd-last and that between 5th-last vs 4th-last is bigger than eight points.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.calcionapoletano.it/2010/09/02/42794-serie-d-le-modalita-di-play-off-e-play-out.html |title=SERIE D: Le modalità di play-off e play-out &#124; CalcioNapoletano.it |access-date=2011-03-16 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110722025544/http://www.calcionapoletano.it/2010/09/02/42794-serie-d-le-modalita-di-play-off-e-play-out.html |archive-date=22 July 2011 }}</ref>
==Tie-Breakers==
Serie D does not use head-to-head results to order teams that are tied in points in certain situations, single-game tie-breakers are held at neutral sites instead. Those situations are the following:
* a tie between 1st and 2nd place, where the winner would get a direct promotion to Seconda Divisione and loser qualifies for the play-offs.
* a tie between 5th and 6th place, where only the winner would qualify to participate in the play-offs.
* a tie between 7th-last and 6th-last, where the winner avoids participating in the relegation play-out.
* a tie between 3rd-last and 2nd-last, where the winner qualifies for the relegation play-out and the loser is directly relegated.
Head-to-head results are used in all other situations, such as when all the teams involved are qualified in the promotional playoffs, or all teams are participating in the relegation playoffs.
== ''Scudetto Serie D'' ==
{{main|List of Serie D champions and promotions}}
Each year, at the end of the regular season, the winners of the nine Serie D divisions qualify for a championship tournament in order to assign the so-called ''Scudetto Dilettanti'' (amateur champions' title).
Round one divides the nine teams into three groups of three teams each where each team plays a single game against each of its other two opponents. The three group winners and best second-placed team advance to the semifinals.
The first ''scudetto dilettanti'' was assigned in 1952–1953, when the Serie D was still called ''IV Serie'' (fourth division). Its assignment was suspended from 1958–1959 to 1991–1992.
===Champions===
{{col-begin}}
{{col-2}}
*1952–53 – [[U.S. Catanzaro 1929|Catanzaro]]
*1953–54 – [[S.S.C. Bari|Bari]]
*1954–55 – [[Colleferro Calcio 1937|Colleferro]]
*1955–56 – [[Robur Siena S.S.D.|Siena]]
*1956–57 – [[Ravenna F.C.|Sarom Ravenna]]
*1957–58 – [[Cosenza Calcio 1914|Cosenza]], [[Mantova F.C.|Ozo Mantova]] & [[Spezia Calcio|Spezia]] ([[ex-aequo]])
*1958–59 – [[Cascina Valdera A.S.D.|Cascina]]
*1959–60 to 1961–62 – ''Title assigned to the winning groups of [[Prima Categoria]]''
*1962–63 to 1991–92 – ''Title not assigned''
*1992–93 – Eurobuilding Crevalcore
*1993–94 – [[F.C. Pro Vercelli 1892|Pro Vercelli]]
*1994–95 – [[Taranto F.C. 1927|Taranto]]
*1995–96 – [[S.S.D. Castel San Pietro Terme Calcio|Castel San Pietro]] {{refn|group=note|name=one|Successively not admitted to Serie C2.}}
*1996–97 – [[A.S.D. Junior Biellese Libertas|Biellese]]
*1997–98 – [[S.S.C. Giugliano|Giugliano]]
*1998–99 – [[S.S. Virtus Lanciano 1924|Lanciano]]
*1999–2000 – [[A.S.D. SanGiovanniValdarno|Sangiovannese]]
*2000–01 – [[U.S.D. Palmese|Palmese]]
*2001–02 – [[Olbia Calcio 1905|Olbia]]
*2002–03 – [[U.S.D. Cavese 1919|Cavese]]
*2003–04 – [[S.S.D. Massese|Massese]]
*2004–05 – [[Bassano Virtus 55 S.T.|Bassano Virtus]]
*2005–06 – [[Paganese Calcio 1926|Paganese]]
*2006–07 – [[A.S.D. S.E.F. Tempio Pausania|Tempio]] {{refn|group=note|name=one}}
*2007–08 – [[S.F. Aversa Normanna|Aversa Normanna]]
*2008–09 – [[Vastese Calcio 1902|Pro Vasto]]
*2009–10 – [[F.C. Atletico Montichiari|Montichiari]]
*2010–11 – [[A.C. Cuneo 1905|Cuneo]]
*2011–12 – [[Venezia F.C.|Venezia]]
*2012–13 – [[S.S. Ischia Isolaverde|Ischia]]
*2013–14 – [[Pordenone Calcio|Pordenone]]
*2014–15 – [[Robur Siena S.S.D.|Robur Siena]]
*2015–16 – [[A.S. Viterbese Castrense|Viterbese]]
*2016–17 – [[S.S. Monza 1912|Monza]]
*2017–18 – [[Aurora Pro Patria 1919|Pro Patria]]
*2018–19 – [[Calcio Avellino S.S.D.|Avellino]]
*2019–20 – ''Not assigned due to [[COVID-19 pandemic in Italy]]''
*2020–21 – ''Not assigned due to [[COVID-19 pandemic in Italy]]''
*2021–22 – [[U.S._Recanatese|Recanatese]]
*2022–23 – [[U.S.D. Sestri Levante 1919|Sestri Levante]]
*2023–24 – Campobasso
{{col-2}}
{{col-end}}
==See also==
*[[Italian football league system]]
==Notes==
{{Reflist|group="note"}}
== References ==
{{Reflist}}
== External links ==
* {{in lang|it}} [https://seried.lnd.it/it/serie-d Official website of the Serie D]
* {{in lang|it}} [http://www.speciali.raisport.rai.it/calcio/seried/index.shtml News of Serie D]
* {{in lang|it}} [http://www.calciotel.it Tutti i gironi della serie D su Calciotel]
{{Serie D teamlist}}
{{Serie D seasons}}
{{Football in Italy}}
{{UEFA fourth leagues}}
[[Category:Serie D| ]]
[[Category:Football leagues in Italy|5]]
[[Category:1948 establishments in Italy]]
[[Category:Sports leagues established in 1948]]
[[Category:Fourth level football leagues in Europe|Ita]]