View source for Set-aside

[[File:Field Hamois Belgium Luc Viatour.jpg|thumb|wildflowers]]
'''Set-aside''' was an incentive scheme introduced by the [[European Economic Community]] (EEC) in 1988 (Regulation (EEC) 1272/88),<ref>{{cite web|title=Commission Regulation (EEC) No 1272/88 of 29 April 1988 laying down detailed rules for applying the set-aside incentive scheme for arable land|url=http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=CELEX:31988R1272:en:NOT|work=EUR-Lex|publisher=European Commission|accessdate=2 August 2012|date=29 April 1988}}</ref> to (i) help reduce the large and costly surpluses produced in Europe under the guaranteed price system of the [[Common Agricultural Policy]] (CAP); and (ii) to deliver some environmental benefits following considerable damage to agricultural ecosystems and wildlife as a result of the intensification of agriculture.
It sought to achieve this by requiring that farmers leave a proportion of their land out of intensive production. Such land is said to be 'set-aside'.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.ecifm.rdg.ac.uk/setaside.htm|title=Set-aside|website=Environmental Challenges in Farm Management|publisher=[[University of Reading]]|access-date=5 June 2019}}</ref>
==History==
Set-aside became compulsory in 1992 for large arable farmers as part of the [[Ray MacSharry|MacSharry]] reform of the Common Agricultural Policy.<ref>{{cite book|last=Dinan|first=Desmond|title=Origins and Evolution of the European Union|date=20 Feb 2014|publisher=OUP Oxford|isbn=978-0199570829|page=210|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZtDQAgAAQBAJ&dq=Set-aside&pg=PA210|accessdate=30 April 2014|quote=The reform therefore expanded the set-aside scheme, making it compulsory for large-scale arable producers, who would receive compensations in return for lost production on set-aside land.}}</ref>  It was originally set at 15% and reduced to 10% in 1996. Following the introduction of decoupled payments in 2005, farmers who had historically claimed set-aside were awarded a number of set-aside 'entitlements' equivalent to the area they had previously set-aside. In order to receive payment on these set-aside entitlements, an equivalent number of hectares had to be removed from agricultural production.
Set-aside land was shown to be an effective way to improve soil chemistry and increase biodiversity on arable farmland, especially on 5-year non-rotational set-aside. <ref>{{cite web|title=A study of vegetation composition and soil chemistry on five year non-rotational set-aside under four management regimes, Essex, UK.|url=http://www.setasidestudy.co.uk/|publisher=Jonathan Wade|accessdate=3 February 2014|date=April 1997}}</ref>
On 16 July 2007, the [[European Commission]] (EC) announced its intention to publish a proposal to reduce the set-aside requirement to 0% in 2008, and the proposal was adopted on 26 September 2007. This was to help mitigate current shortages in the EU cereals market, increase cereals supply to the market and therefore reduce prices following two consecutive lower EU harvests.<ref>{{cite web|title=EU proposes scrapping fallow land|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/6993635.stm|publisher=BBC News|accessdate=1 August 2012|date=13 September 2007}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Waterfield|first=Bruno|title=Set aside suspended by European Union|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/earth/agriculture/farming/3308245/Set-aside-suspended-by-European-Union.html|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130421100344/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/earth/agriculture/farming/3308245/Set-aside-suspended-by-European-Union.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=21 April 2013|work=The Telegraph|accessdate=1 August 2012|author2=Charles Clover |date=26 September 2007}}</ref>
The EC agreed in November 2008 to abolish set-aside completely through the CAP Health Check.<ref>{{cite web|title="Health Check" of the Common Agricultural Policy|url=http://ec.europa.eu/agriculture/healthcheck/index_en.htm|publisher=European Commission|accessdate=1 August 2012|quote=On 20 November 2008 the EU agriculture ministers reached a political agreement on the Health Check of the Common Agricultural Policy. Among a range of measures, the agreement abolishes arable set-aside....}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Kanter|first=James|title=EU governments to overhaul farm subsidies|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2008/11/20/business/worldbusiness/20iht-farm.4.18016167.html|work=The New York Times|accessdate=1 August 2012|date=20 November 2008|quote=In addition, EU governments agreed formally to abolish the so-called set-aside, which required some farmland to be kept out of production over the past two decades.}}</ref>
==See also==
*[[Ley farming]], an [[agriculture|agricultural]] system where the field is alternately seeded for [[grain]] and left [[Summer fallow|fallow]]
==References==
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{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2020}}
[[Category:Agriculture by region]]
[[Category:1988 in the European Economic Community]]