View source for Sim Hun

{{short description|Korean writer (1901–1936)}}
{{Infobox Korean name
| img      = 심훈.jpg
| hangul   = 심대섭
| hanja    = {{linktext|沈|大|燮}}
| rr       = Sim Daeseop
| mr       = Sim Taesŏp
| hangulho = 심훈
| hanjaho  = {{linktext|沈|熏}}
| rrho     = Sim Hun
| mrho     = Sim Hun
}}
{{family name hatnote|[[Shim (Korean name)|Shim/Sim]]||lang=Korean}}
'''Shim Daeseop''' ({{Korean|hangul=심대섭}}; 12 September 1901 – 16 September 1936), more commonly known by his [[art name]] '''Shim Hun''' (also spelled '''Sim Hun''' or '''Sim Hoon'''<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.iansan.net/english/tourGuide/trace/ChoiYongsin.jsp?menuId=01014016 |title=The Real Person of the Novel, Sangnoksu Choi Yongsin|access-date=2015-06-07 |archive-date=2015-09-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924032318/http://www.iansan.net/english/tourGuide/trace/ChoiYongsin.jsp?menuId=01014016 |url-status=dead }}</ref>), was a Korean novelist, poet, and playwright.<ref name="Hankyoreh">{{citation|url=http://www.hani.co.kr/section-009000000/2005/07/009000000200507041825197.html|date=2005-07-04|accessdate=2010-06-30|language=ko-kr|script-title=ko:‘상록수’ 작가 심훈 경기고 명예졸업장|last=Yi|first=Jong-gyu|periodical=[[The Hankyoreh]]|archive-date=2006-03-08|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060308044734/http://www.hani.co.kr/section-009000000/2005/07/009000000200507041825197.html|url-status=dead}}</ref>
==Biography==
Shim Hun was born in [[Seoul]] in 1901 to an old ''[[yangban]]'' family which for centuries held high government positions and served the royal court as ministers.<ref name="KSIlbo">{{citation|url=http://www.ksilbo.co.kr/news/articleView.html?idxno=46831|periodical=Gyeongsang Ilbo|language=ko-kr |script-title=ko:9월의독립운동가: 심훈|date=2001-08-31|accessdate=2010-06-30|last=Yi|first=Ae-jeong}}</ref> His father is Shim Sang-jeong and his mother came from another notable Yangban family Yun (her father was a celebrated calligrapher). Shim Hun was the youngest of three sons and had one sister. He entered the Gyeongseong Ordinary School ({{Korean|labels=no|경성보통학교}}, now Gyeonggi High School) in 1915, but due to his participation in the [[March 1st Movement]] protests against [[Korea under Japanese rule|Japanese rule in Korea]] in 1919, was arrested and expelled.<ref name="Hankyoreh"/>  When he was in prison, Shim Hun wrote his famous impassioned letter to his mother vowing to fight for the freedom of his country ("the Greater Mother") from Japanese rule. Imprisoned for eight months, he went into exile in [[Hangzhou]], China where he attended the Zhejiang University, returning to Korea in 1923.<ref name="KSIlbo"/>
From then until 1930, Shim Hun worked as a newspaper columnist and reporter at the ''[[The Dong-a Ilbo|Dong-a Ilbo]]'', ''[[Chosun Ilbo]]'', and ''Joseon Jung-ang Ilbo''. His arranged marriage to his first wife Yi Hae-yeong ({{Korean|hangul=이해영|hanja=李海暎}}) ended in divorce (1917-1924). Yi Hae-yeong was from the [[house of Yi|Yi royal family]], the daughter of a duke. In 1930, Sim married Ahn Jeong-ok (1913-2004), a "modern woman" whom he met at a music-theatre group, with whom he had three sons; Jae-geun, Jae-gwang and Jae-ho.<ref name="MPVA">{{citation|url=http://e-gonghun.mpva.go.kr/portal/web/book/book_xml_view.jsp?lm_sHisCode=PV_DO&lm_sBookCode=0008&lm_sItemCode=009.003.001.004&lm_sSrchYear=&keyword=|script-title=ko:문화투쟁사|series=독립운동사 제8권|pages=1124–1126|publisher=독립운동사편찬위원회|year=1977|oclc=122860363|accessdate=2010-06-30}}</ref> In 1935 he won an award for his most famous novel ''[[Sangnoksu]]''; he used the prize money to create the Sangrok Academy.{{Citation needed|date=June 2010}} Sim is credited for the Sangrok (Evergreen Tree) movement which encouraged young, educated people to move to the countryside to educate and organize rural populace, and awaken them from their oppression (e.g., Japanese colonial rule, traditional landed gentry class). He died in 1936 of [[typhoid fever]] without seeing his country's independence that came in 1945.<ref name="KSIlbo"/>
==Works==
Shim Hun was a prolific writer.  In his short life, he wrote several novels, short stories, plays and poems.  He was a meticulous writer who kept original copies of his writing; most of Sim's original manuscripts (over 4,000 pages)survive today. Sim's 1926 novel ''Talchum'' ({{Korean|labels=no|탈춤}}, ''Mask Dance'') was the first Korean novel to be made into a movie.<ref name="MPVA"/> He wrote a collection of poetry ''Kunari Omyeon'' ({{Korean|labels=no|그날이 오면}}, ''When that day comes'') to commemorate a student independence movement in [[Gwangju]] in 1930, in which he yearns for the day Korea gains independence from Japan.<ref name="KSIlbo"/> His novel ''Dongbang-eui Aein'' ({{Korean|labels=no|동방의 애인}}, ''Lover from the East'') was [[serial (literature)|serialised]] in the ''Chosun Ilbo'' beginning in October 1930.<ref name="MPVA"/> His Jiknyuseong ("Weaver Girl" star or Constellation Lyra) was serialized in Chosun Joong Ang Ilbo in 1934 and is believed to honor and be inspired by his first wife Yi Hae-Yeoung's life. He wrote ''[[Sangnoksu]]'' ({{Korean|labels=no|상록수}}, ''Evergreen Tree''), a novel about rural development, in 1935 while staying in [[Dangjin]], [[Chungcheongnam-do]]; it was published in 1949 in a novel collection commemorating the 15th anniversary of the ''Dong-a Ilbo'''s establishment.<ref name="MPVA"/><ref name="JoongangIlbo">{{citation|periodical=[[JoongAng Ilbo]]|accessdate=2010-06-30|url=http://article.joins.com/article/article.asp?Total_ID=4105760|language=ko |script-title=ko:심훈 선생 유품 200여 점『상록수』 쓴 생가로 돌아온다|last=Kim|first=Bang-hyeon|date=2010-04-12}}</ref> Sim's last work was a poem "Joseonui Nama" or "Chosun's Son" which he wrote after learning that the Korean marathon runner [[Sohn Kee-chung]] won the gold medal for Marathon at the 1936 Berlin Olympics.  As a colonial subject, Song was forced to run wearing the Japanese flag.  Sim wrote the poem on the copy of the Special Bulletin that announced Sohn's victory.
''Kunari Omyeon'' was published in 1949 since the original volume was censored and banned by the Japanese colonial government. A seven-volume series of his books, ''Sim Hun's Books'', came out in 1952 and a three-volume series, ''Shim Hun's Complete Works'', was republished in 1996.{{Citation needed|date=June 2010}}
==Legacy==
Decades after his death in 1936, Shim Hun is still honored as one of the pioneers of modern Korean literature, for his patriotic service to Korea through resistance and the Sangrok Movement, and for living a life that was an embodiment of exceptional artistic talent, prolific writing, and vision for his country's future freed from the darkness of colonialism.  Shim Hun's writings are mandatory readings for all students in South Korea today.
Shim Hun's high school issued an honorary graduation diploma in his name in 2005.<ref name="Hankyoreh"/> His third son Shim Jae-Ho, who lives in [[Virginia]], United States, holds the original manuscripts of many of his works; he lent them out to be displayed in Dangjin in 2010.<ref name="JoongangIlbo"/> In 2011, the [[Korea Minting and Security Printing Corporation]] commemorated Shim Hun in its series of Medals of Korean Historical Figures; Shim was one of 100 notable historical figures to be recognized and honored.
==Pilgyeongsa==
In 1932, Shim Hun designed and built his house Pilgyeongsa ({{Korean|labels=no|필경사}}) in Dangjin, Chungcheongnam-do, where he wrote most of his major works and his children were born.  Today, it is designated as a historical site preserved and managed by the Chungcheongnam-do Provincial Government. In addition, there is a Shim Hun Memorial adjacent to Pilgyeongsa; the government is planning to build a new, expanded memorial.
==See also==
*[[Korean literature]]
*''[[wikisource:ko:상록수|Sangoksu]]'' on the Korean-language [[Wikisource]]
==References==
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Sim, Hun}}
[[Category:1901 births]]
[[Category:1936 deaths]]
[[Category:Korean novelists]]
[[Category:Infectious disease deaths in Korea]]
[[Category:Literature of Korea under Japanese rule]]
[[Category:20th-century novelists]]
[[Category:Cheongsong Sim clan|Hun]]
[[Category:Deaths from typhoid fever]]
[[Category:Activists for Korean independence]]
[[Category:March First Movement people]]