View source for Sizwe Banzi Is Dead

{{Short description|1972 South African play}}
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{{original research|date=October 2008}}
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{{Infobox play
| name              = Sizwe Banzi Is Dead
| image             = SizweBanzi.jpg
| caption           = Poster for the 2007 [[Royal National Theatre]] production
| writer            = Athol Fugard<br>John Kani<br>Winston Ntshona
| characters        = Styles<br>Robert (Sizwe Banzi)<br>Buntu
| mute              =
| setting           =
| date of premiere  = {{start date and age|1972}}
| place = South Africa
| original language =
| series            =
| subject           =
| genre             =
| web               =
}}
'''''Sizwe Banzi Is Dead''''' (originally produced and published as: '''''Sizwe Bansi is Dead''''') is a play by [[Athol Fugard]], written collaboratively with two South African actors, [[John Kani]] and [[Winston Ntshona]], both of whom appeared in the original production. Its world première occurred on 8 October 1972 at the [[Space Theatre (Cape Town)|Space Theatre]], [[Cape Town]], [[South Africa]]. Its subsequent British première won a London Theatre Critics Award for the Best Play of 1974.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.broadwayworld.com/chicago/article/Court-Theatre-Closes-Season-With-SIZWE-BANZI-IS-DEAD-513613-20100420|title=Court Theatre Closes Season With SIZWE BANZI IS DEAD 5/13-6/13|first=Gabrielle|last= Sierra|website=[[Broadway World]]|date=20 April 2010|access-date=21 January 2023}}</ref>  Its American première occurred at the [[Edison Theatre]], in [[New York City]], on 13 November 1974.<ref name=Ibdb>{{Ibdb show|8066|Sizwe Banzi Is Dead}}. Accessed 1 October 2008.</ref> It has been ranked among the best plays ever made by ''[[The Independent]]'', where it was described as a "deceptively light and humane play that outlasts the apartheid era."<ref>{{Cite news|date=26 October 2022|title=The 40 best plays of all time, from The Seagull to A Streetcar Named Desire|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/films/features/40-greatest-best-plays-ever-written-theatre-drama-scripts-shakespeare-a8778031.html|first=Paul|last=Taylor|author2=Holly Williams|access-date=9 June 2020|newspaper=[[The Independent]]|language=en}}</ref>
==Plot synopsis==
The play opens in the photography studio of a man named Styles. The studio is located in [[New Brighton, Port Elizabeth]], South Africa. After reading a newspaper article on an automobile plant, Styles tells a humorous story to the audience about an incident that occurred when he worked at the Ford Motor Company.
Styles continues to read the paper and talks about his photography studio. His musings are interrupted when a customer, Sizwe Banzi, arrives. He asks to have his picture taken, but when Styles asks him for his deposit and name, Sizwe hesitates, then says his name is Robert Zwelinzima. Styles asks Sizwe what he will do with the photo, and Sizwe tells him he will send it to his wife. When the picture is taken, the moment is frozen into what the photograph will look like. It comes to life and Sizwe dictates the letter to his wife that will accompany the photo.
In the letter, Sizwe tells his wife that Sizwe Banzi is dead. He writes that when he arrived in Port Elizabeth from their home in King William’s Town, he stayed with a friend named Zola who tried to help Sizwe find a job. His employment search was unsuccessful; as a result, he was told by the authorities that he must leave in three days. Sizwe went to stay with Zola’s friend, Buntu.
The play returns to the present time. Staying at Buntu’s house, Sizwe tells Buntu about his problems — unless a miracle happens, he will have to leave town in three days. Buntu is sympathetic to the problem and suggests he work in the mines in King William’s Town. Sizwe rejects the idea as too dangerous. Buntu decides to take him out for a treat at Sky’s place, a local bar.
The focus switches back to Sizwe as he continues to compose the letter to his wife. He describes his experiences at Sky’s shebeen, where he was served alcohol by a woman in a respectful manner.
The scene shifts to the outside of Sky’s after Sizwe and Buntu have been drinking. Buntu decides that he needs to get home to go to work tomorrow. He goes into an alley to relieve himself and finds a dead man there. Sizwe wants to report the body to the police. Buntu rejects the idea, but he retrieves the dead man’s identity book to find his address. Buntu finds that the man, named Robert Zwelinzima, has a work-seeker’s permit — the very thing that Sizwe needs to stay in town. They take the book. At Buntu’s house, Buntu switches the photographs in the books. He proposes that they burn Sizwe’s book — effectively making him dead — and have Sizwe adopt the dead man’s identity so he can stay in Port Elizabeth. Sizwe is unsure about the plan; in particular, he worries about his wife and children. Buntu contends that they can remarry. After much discussion, Sizwe agrees to the switch.
Sizwe finishes dictating the letter to his wife. In it, he tells her that Buntu is helping him get a lodger’s permit. The scene shifts back to Styles’ photography studio; Sizwe is getting his picture taken.
==Critical account of play's genesis==
<!--The following material was plagarized by earlier editor(s) from the source citation now presented as a full source citation.-->
According to Marie Rose Napierkowski, in ''Drama for Students'' (Detroit: Gale, 2006; ''eNotes.com''):
<blockquote>The genesis of ''Sizwe Bansi Is Dead'' can be traced to Fugard’s experiences as a law clerk at the Native Commissioner’s Court in [[Johannesburg]]. At that time it was required that every black and colored citizen over the age of sixteen carried [sic] an identity book that restricted employment and travel within the country. In court, Fugard saw the repercussions of this law: blacks were sent to jail at an alarming rate. Although these restrictions are specifically [[South Africa]]n, critics have noted that the play’s greater theme of [[Personal identity|identity]] is universal. Critics and scholars have also observed that ''Sizwe Bansi Is Dead'' contains elements of [[Theatre of the Absurd|absurdism]], especially its sparse setting and surreal subject matter.<ref name=Enotes>{{cite journal|url=http://www.enotes.com/sizwe-banzi/27519|title=''Sizwe Banzi Is Dead'': Introduction|editor=Marie Rose Napierkowski|journal=Drama for Students|volume=(January 2006)|location=Detroit|series=14|publisher=Gale, eNotes.com|access-date=1 October 2008}} (Free excerpt; registration required for full access.)</ref></blockquote>
==Production history==
In 1972, Fugard directed the play's [[world premiere]] in [[Cape Town]], followed the next year by a staging at [[London]]'s [[Royal Court Theatre]], which transferred to the [[Ambassadors Theatre (London)|Ambassadors]], with Kani as Styles and Buntu and Ntshona as Robert/Sizwe. There, it won [[The London Theatre Critics award]]. After six previews, the [[Broadway theatre|Broadway]] production, presented in [[repertory]] with ''[[The Island (play)|The Island]]'', opened on 13 November 1974 at the [[Edison Theatre]], where it ran for 159 performances.
Kani and Ntshona jointly won [[Tony Award]]s for Best Actor in a Play for their performances in both ''Sizwe Banzi Is Dead'' and ''The Island''.<ref>[http://www.tonyawards.com/p/tonys_search?start=0&year=&award=&lname=John+Kani&fname=&show= "John Kani"], Tony Awards past winners page.</ref> They reunited for the production staged at the [[Royal National Theatre]] in London in 2007.<ref name=RNT>{{cite web|url=http://www.nationaltheatre.org.uk/?lid=21346|title=Sizwe Banzi Is Dead|access-date=1 October 2008}}</ref> That year the play was translated into French by [[Marie-Hélène Estienne]] for a version staged by [[Peter Brook]] at the [[Barbican Centre]].<ref name=Barbican>{{cite web|title=Sizwe Banzi is Dead: Peter Brook|url=http://www.barbican.org.uk/theatre/event-detail.asp?ID=5026|website=Barbican|access-date=24 July 2015}}</ref>
==Adaptation==
A television adaptation appeared on ''[[BBC2 Playhouse]]'' in March 1974.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0926877/|title=BBC2 Playhouse {{!}} Sizwe Bansi Is Dead|website=[[IMDb]]|date=13 March 1974|access-date=14 May 2024}}</ref>
==Awards and nominations==
*Tony Award for Best Play (co-nominee with ''The Island'')
*Tony Award for Best Actor in Play (Kani and Ntshona, '''winners''')
*Tony Award for Best Direction of a Play (nominee)
*[[Drama Desk Award]] for Outstanding Actor in a Play (Kani and Ntshona, co-nominees)
*Drama Desk Award for Outstanding Director of a Play (nominee)
*Drama Desk Award for Outstanding New Foreign Play (co-nominee with ''The Island'')
== References ==
{{Reflist|30em}}
==Sources==
*Soloski, Alexis, [http://www.villagevoice.com/2008-04-15/theater/the-line-worker/ "''Sizwe Banzi Is Dead'' Remains Alive: A Great Play Bids Its Farewell at BAM"], ''[[The Village Voice]]'' 15 April 2008. Accessed 1 October 2008 (review of production at the Harvey Theater, [[Brooklyn Academy of Music]], Fulton Street, [[Brooklyn, New York]]).
==External links==
* {{IBDB show|8066}}
{{Plays by Athol Fugard}}
[[Category:1972 plays]]
[[Category:Broadway plays]]
[[Category:Plays by Athol Fugard]]
[[Category:Plays set in South Africa]]
[[Category:South African plays]]