View source for Sky UK

{{Short description|British telecommunications company}}
{{Redirect|BSkyB|the social media service commonly abbreviated as BSky|Bluesky}}
{{EngvarB|date=October 2021}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2020}}
{{Infobox company
| name = Sky UK Limited
| logo = Sky Group logo 2020.svg
| logo_caption = The latest version of the logo on October 1, 2020. But the look is reworked from the previous logo in 2016 with no transparent glass variation.
| type = [[Subsidiary]]
| former_name = British Sky Broadcasting Ltd (BSkyB)
| foundation = {{start date and age|1990|11|2|df=yes}} (as British Sky Broadcasting)
| location = [[London]], [[England]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://beta.companieshouse.gov.uk/company/02906991|title = SKY UK LIMITED – Overview (Free company information from Companies House)}}</ref>
| area_served = {{hlist|[[United Kingdom]]|[[Republic of Ireland|Ireland]]}}
| subsid = [[Sky Ireland]]<br />[[The Cloud (company)|The Cloud]]<br />[[Sky Broadband]]<br />Sky Home Communications<br />[[Now (Sky)|Now TV]]<br />Sky Subscriber Services<br />Sky In-Home Services
| key_people = [[Dana Strong]] ([[Chief executive officer|CEO]])
| industry = Mass media
| services = Broadband<br />[[Video on demand]]<br />Broadcasting<br />[[Satellite television|Satellite]]<br />[[IPTV]]<br />Internet<br />Television production<br />[[Mobile device|Mobile]]
| owner = <!-- Per [[Template:Infobox company]], it states: "If the company is majority-owned by a single entity and as such is a subsidiary or division, omit the owner field and use the parent field instead." -->
| parent = [[Sky Group]]
| homepage = {{URL|https://sky.com}}
}}
'''Sky UK Limited''', [[Trade name|trading as]] '''Sky''', is a British [[broadcasting|broadcaster]] and telecommunications company that provides television, internet, fixed line and mobile telephone services to consumers and businesses in the United Kingdom. It is a subsidiary of [[Sky Group]] and, from 2018 onwards, part of [[Comcast]]. It is the UK's largest [[Pay television|pay-TV]] broadcaster, with 12.7 million customers as of the end of 2019<ref>{{cite web|title=Management Today|url=http://www.managementtoday.co.uk/go/bskyb/|publisher=BSkyB|access-date=4 June 2015|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150702020525/http://www.managementtoday.co.uk/go/bskyb/|archive-date=2 July 2015}}</ref> for its digital [[satellite television|satellite]] TV platform. Sky's flagship products are [[Sky Q]] and the internet-based Sky Glass, and its flagship channels are [[Sky Showcase]], [[Sky Max]], and [[Sky Atlantic]].
Formed as '''British Sky Broadcasting''' ('''BSkyB''') in November 1990 through the merger of [[Sky Television (1984–1990)|Sky Television]] and [[British Satellite Broadcasting]],<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://collection.sciencemuseumgroup.org.uk/people/cp114233/bskyb|title = BSkyB &#124; Science Museum Group Collection}}</ref> it grew into a major media company by the end of the decade, notably owning all the television broadcasting rights for the [[Premier League]] and almost all the domestic rights of [[Cinema of the United States|Hollywood]] films.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/media/1999/feb/01/bskyb|title = Sky: The first decade|website = [[TheGuardian.com]]|date = February 1999}}</ref> Following BSkyB's acquisition of [[Sky Italia]] and a majority interest in [[Sky Deutschland]] in 2014, its holding company British Sky Broadcasting Group plc changed its name to Sky plc (now [[Sky Group|Sky Group Limited]]).<ref name="Sky plc">{{cite web |url=http://corporate.sky.com/media-centre/news-page/2014/sky-creates-europes-leading-entertainment-company |title=Sky creates Europe's leading entertainment company |publisher=Sky |date=13 November 2014 |access-date=13 November 2014 |archive-date=15 November 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141115193807/http://corporate.sky.com/media-centre/news-page/2014/sky-creates-europes-leading-entertainment-company |url-status=dead }}</ref> The UK subsidiary's name was changed from British Sky Broadcasting Limited to Sky UK Limited, and continuing to trade as "Sky".
Sky UK Limited is a wholly owned subsidiary of [[Comcast]]-owned Sky Group, with its current company directors (including that of [[Sky Ireland]]) being Executive Vice-president Stephen van Rooyen Its corporate headquarters are at the [[Sky Campus|Sky Studios]] in [[Isleworth]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://corporate.sky.com/about-sky/our-locations|title=Our locations|access-date=4 March 2016|archive-date=30 June 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170630175019/https://corporate.sky.com/about-sky/our-locations|url-status=dead}}</ref>
==History==
{{Further|Timeline of Sky Group}}
===Origins===
The present service can trace its heritage back to 1990, when BSkyB's predecessors [[Sky Television (1984–1990)|Sky Television]] and [[British Satellite Broadcasting]] encrypted their respective film channels – [[Sky Movies]] and [[The Movie Channel (UK)|The Movie Channel]] which required viewers to get decoding equipment and a subscription to watch the channels. After the two companies merged, subscribers could get access to both channels, and two years later, the sports channel [[Sky Sports]] also became encrypted.
===Premier League football===
{{main|Sky Sports}}
In the autumn of 1991, talks were held for the broadcast rights for [[Premier League]] for five years, from the 1992 season.<ref>ITV's monopoly threatened by Premier League. Peter Ball. The Times, Tuesday, 1 October 1991</ref> [[ITV (TV network)|ITV]] were the current rights holders and fought hard to retain the new rights. ITV had increased its offer from £18m to £34m per year to keep control of the rights.<ref>Premier League unity is tested by an offer of £34m. Peter Ball. The Times, Saturday, 18 April 1992</ref> BSkyB joined forces with the [[BBC]]<ref>BSkyB and BBC bid offers huge rewards. Peter Ball.The Times, Monday 18 May 1992</ref> to make a counter bid. The [[BBC]] was given the highlights of most of the matches, while BSkyB paying £304m for the [[Premier League]] rights, would give them a monopoly of all live matches, up to 60 per year from the 1992 season.<ref>Premier League kicks off with £304m TV deal. Peter Ball. The Times, Tuesday, 19 May 1992</ref> Murdoch described sport as a "battering ram" for pay television, providing a strong customer base.<ref>{{cite news
| last =Douglas
| first = Torin
| title = Murdoch's rise to the top
| work=BBC News
| date = 12 March 1999
| url = http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/special_report/1999/03/99/murdochs_big_match/167937.stm
| access-date =5 March 2007 }}</ref> A few weeks after the deal, ITV went to the High Court to get an injunction as it believed their bid details had been leaked before the decision was taken. [[ITV (TV network)|ITV]] also asked the Office of Fair Trading to investigate since it believed Rupert Murdoch's media empire via its newspapers had influenced the deal.<ref>ITV challenges football deal in High Court. Lin Jenkins. The Times, Saturday, 23 May 1992;</ref> A few days later neither action took effect, ITV believed BSkyB was telephoned and informed of its £262m bid, and [[Premier League]] advised BSkyB to increase its counter bid.<ref>ITV fails to halt football deal. Lin Jenkins. The Times, Wednesday, 27 May 1992</ref>
BSkyB retained the rights paying £670m 1997–2001 deal, but was challenged by ONdigital<ref>[https://www.theguardian.com/media/2000/may/08/bskyb.broadcasting 'Time to play hardball' by David Teather and Vivek Chaudhary investigate] Monday 8 May 2000</ref> for the rights from 2001 to 2004, thus were forced to £1.1 billion which gave them 66 live games a year.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/finance/4454538/BSkyB-leaps-on-soccer-result.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220111/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/finance/4454538/BSkyB-leaps-on-soccer-result.html |archive-date=11 January 2022 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live|title=BSkyB leaps on soccer result|author=George Trefgarne, Financial Correspondent|date=15 June 2000|work=Telegraph.co.uk}}{{cbignore}}</ref>
Following a lengthy legal battle with the European Commission, which deemed the exclusivity of the rights to be against the interests of competition and the consumer, BSkyB's monopoly came to an end from the [[2007–08 in English football|2007–08 season]]. In May 2006, the Irish broadcaster [[Setanta Sports]] was awarded two of the six Premier League packages that the English FA offered to broadcasters. Sky picked up the remaining four for £1.3bn.<ref>{{cite news
| title = Setanta joins Premiership action
| work=BBC News
| date = 5 May 2006
| url = http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/business/4975632.stm
| access-date =5 March 2007 }}
</ref>
In February 2015, Sky bid £4.2bn for a package of 120 premier league games across the three seasons from 2016. This represented an increase of 70% on the previous contract and was said to be £1bn more than the company had expected to pay. The move has been followed by staff cuts, increased subscription prices (including 9% in Sky's family package) and the dropping of the 3D channel.
===Sky Multichannels===
{{Main|Sky Multichannels}}
In September 1993, BSkyB launched [[Sky Multichannels]] which was the present digital platform's analogue predecessor. Sky Multichannels was a subscription package that gave access not only to Sky's channels but also to those of third-party broadcasters.
The service started on 1 September 1993. It was based on an idea by then CEO [[Sam Chisholm]] and chairman [[Rupert Murdoch]] of converting the company's business strategy to an entirely fee-based concept. The new package included four channels formerly available [[free-to-air]], broadcasting on Astra's satellites, as well as introducing new channels.<ref name="fundinguniverse">{{cite web|url=http://www.fundinguniverse.com/company-histories/British-Sky-Broadcasting-Group-plc-Company-History.html|title=British Sky Broadcasting Group plc|access-date=10 February 2007|publisher=Funding Universe}}</ref> The service continued until the closure of BSkyB's analogue service on 27 September 2001,<ref name="SkyAnalogueClosure">{{cite web|url=http://www.selkirkshire.demon.co.uk/analoguesat/skystory.html|title=How the Sky analogue service was run down in favour of digital....|access-date=10 February 2007|last=Wathan|first=Chris|publisher=Analoguesat|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061010221157/http://www.selkirkshire.demon.co.uk/analoguesat/skystory.html|archive-date=10 October 2006}}</ref> due to the expansion of the Sky Digital platform after its launch three years before. Some of the channels did broadcast either in the clear or soft encrypted (whereby a Videocrypt decoder was required to decode, without a subscription card) before their addition to the Sky Multichannels package.<ref name="VarietyChannels">{{cite magazine|url=https://variety.com/1993/tv/news/sat-trio-in-u-k-debut-110130/|title=Sat trio in U.K. debut|date=1 September 1993|last=Dawtrey|first=Adam|access-date=14 June 2008|magazine=Variety}}</ref><ref name="TVArkLeaflets">{{cite web|url=http://www2.tv-ark.org.uk/skytv/advertising.html|title=Sky Television – Advertising|access-date=28 June 2010|publisher=TV Ark|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120401122615/http://www2.tv-ark.org.uk/skytv/advertising.html|archive-date=1 April 2012}}</ref> Within two months of the launch, BSkyB gained 400,000 new subscribers, with the majority taking at least one premium channel as well,<ref>{{cite web|date=5 November 1993|url=http://www.telecompaper.com/news/good-uptake-for-sky-multichannels-package--10352|title=Good uptake for Sky Multichannels package}}</ref> which helped BSkyB reach 3.5 million households by mid-1994. [[Michael Grade]] criticised the operations in front of the Select Committee on National Heritage, mainly for the lack of original programming on many of the new channels.<ref>Triumph of soap over experience. Reevell, Philip;Henry, Georgina. The Guardian; 25 October 1993;</ref>
===Launch of Sky Digital===
BSkyB's digital service was officially launched on 1 October 1998 under the name Sky Digital, although small-scale tests were carried out before then. At this time the use of the Sky Digital brand made an important distinction between the new service and Sky's analogue services. Key selling points were the improvement in picture and sound quality, increased number of channels and an interactive service branded [[Open....]], later called [[Sky Active]]. BSkyB competed with the [[ITV Digital|ONdigital]] (later ''ITV Digital'') terrestrial offering and cable services. Within 30 days, over 100,000 digiboxes had been sold, which helped bolster BSkyB's decision to give away free digiboxes and mini dishes from May 1999.
In addition to most channels from the Sky Multichannels package, many of which broadcast additional hours on Sky Digital, Sky Digital launched several new channels that were exclusive to the digital offer.
The switchover from analogue to digital proceeded relatively quickly. In 1998, there were 6 million 'multichannel' TV homes in the UK (i.e. homes that watch television other than the traditional analogue terrestrial), and over half of these homes watched television using BSkyB's analogue service. BSkyB's digital service surpassed the analogue service in terms of subscribers in late 1999.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://stakeholders.ofcom.org.uk/binaries/research/tv-research/dso3.pdf |title=Archived copy |access-date=1 June 2013 |archive-date=25 December 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131225075017/http://stakeholders.ofcom.org.uk/binaries/research/tv-research/dso3.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref>
By June 2000 the service had 3.6 million subscribers, which gave BSkyB 8.988 million subscribers across all platforms. This substantial growth reflected BSkyB's 34% share of viewers in multi-channel homes (up from 13.4% in 1999).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://media.corporate-ir.net/media_files/irol/10/104016/reports/ar00.pdf|title=British Sky Broadcasting Group plc Annual Report 2000|website=media.corporate-ir.net}}</ref>
BSkyB's analogue service ended in October 2001, and the digital service would eventually be marketed as just 'Sky'.
By June 2005, the number of digital subscribers increase to 7.8m, while it produced 38,375 hours of sport in 2005.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://corporate.sky.com/documents/pdf/publications/fact_book_2005.pdf|title=Fact Book 2005|work=sky.com|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130927223016/http://corporate.sky.com/documents/pdf/publications/fact_book_2005.pdf|archive-date=27 September 2013}}</ref>
In November 2005, in partnership with [[Vodafone]], [[Sky Mobile TV]] was launched which was the UK's first commercially available mobile TV service. [[Vodafone live!]] customers with [[3G]]-enabled handsets would receive the service.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.campaignlive.co.uk/article/bskyb-vodafone-link-deliver-mobile-tv-service/525248|title=BSkyB and Vodafone link up to deliver mobile TV service|date=2005-10-31}}</ref>
===2010s===
Sky's direct-to-home satellite service became available in 10 million homes in 2010, Europe's first pay-TV platform to achieve that milestone. Confirming it had reached its target, the broadcaster said its reach into 36% of households in the UK represented an audience of more than 25m people. The target was first announced in August 2004, and since then an additional 2.4 million customers had subscribed to Sky's direct-to-home service. Media commentators had debated whether the figure could be reached as the growth in subscriber numbers elsewhere in Europe flattened.<ref>{{cite web|last=Clover |first=Julian |url=http://www.broadbandtvnews.com/2010/11/08/sky-reaches-10-million-homes/ |title=Sky reaches 10&nbsp;million homes |publisher=Broadbandtvnews.com |date=8 November 2010 |access-date=18 April 2011| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20110430025842/http://www.broadbandtvnews.com/2010/11/08/sky-reaches-10-million-homes/| archive-date= 30 April 2011 | url-status= live}}</ref>
In December, the UK's parliament heard a claim that a subscription to Sky was 'often damaging' to welfare recipients, along with alcohol, tobacco and gambling. [[Conservative Party (UK)|Conservative]] MP [[Alec Shelbrooke]] was proposing the payments of benefits and tax credits on a "Welfare Cash Card", in the style of the American [[Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program]], that could be used to buy only "essentials".<ref>[https://www.mirror.co.uk/news/uk-news/tory-mp-alec-shelbrooke-wants-1496523 ''No beer on benefits: Tory MP wants those on benefits banned from buying "unnecessary items”'', Jason Beattie, Daily Mirror, London, 18 December 2012]. Retrieved: 24 December 2012.</ref>
In 2016, Sky launched its new TV and entertainment service called [[Sky Q]].
On 1 March 2018, it was reported that Sky UK had concluded successful negotiations with [[Netflix]] to offer Sky subscribers access to its international streaming service.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Sweney|first1=Mark|title=Sky subscribers to get Netflix for the first time|url=https://www.theguardian.com/business/2018/mar/01/sky-subscribers-to-get-netflix-for-the-first-time|access-date=4 March 2018|newspaper=[[The Guardian]]|date=1 March 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=Griffin|first1=Andrew|title=Netflix and Sky Q team up, allowing people to watch Stranger Things on their TV box|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/gadgets-and-tech/news/sky-q-netflix-update-latest-partnership-stranger-things-features-tv-streaming-now-a8234986.html|access-date=4 March 2018|newspaper=[[The Independent]]|date=1 March 2018}}</ref>
[[Comcast]], the largest cable TV provider in the United States, outbid [[21st Century Fox]], on 22 September 2018 in an auction for control of Sky UK. On 4 October 2018, Fox sold their stake to Comcast, giving the latter a 76.8% controlling stake.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://variety.com/2018/tv/news/comcast-closes-deal-for-foxs-sky-stake-owns-over-75-of-european-pay-tv-giant-1202973728/|title=Comcast Closes Deal for Fox's Sky Stake, Owns Over 75% of European Pay-TV Giant|last=Clarke|first=Stewart|date=9 October 2018|work=Variety|access-date=11 October 2018|language=en-US}}</ref> On 12 October 2018, Comcast announced it will compulsorily acquire the rest of Sky after its bid gained acceptance from 95.3% of the broadcaster's shareholders with the company being delisted by early 2019.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.stockmarketwire.com/article/6165253/Comcast-to-buy-remaining-Sky-shares-after-bid-gets-95pct-acceptance.html|title=Comcast to buy remaining Sky shares after bid gets 95% acceptance|date=12 October 2018|publisher=Stock Market Wire|access-date=15 October 2018}}</ref> Sky was delisted on 7 November 2018 after Comcast acquired all remaining shares.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cmcsa.com/static-files/ab8e5d23-2bf7-4929-83cf-45033c1891d6|title=Recommended mandatory superior cash offer for Sky: Compulsory acquisition of Sky shares}}</ref>
===2020s===
On 17 September 2020, Sky Arts became the first premium Sky channel to become available on the free to air terrestrial Freeview service, joining Sky News and a couple of channels which trace their lineage back to [[Living TV Group|Flextech]] ([[Pick (TV channel)|Pick]] and [[Challenge (TV channel)|Challenge]]).<ref name="ftalaunch">{{cite web |title=Press Pack: Sky Arts Available to Everyone from 17 September |url=https://www.skygroup.sky/en-gb/article/press-pack-sky-arts-available-to-everyone-from-17-september |website=www.skygroup.sky |publisher=Sky Group Newsroom |access-date=24 August 2020 |language=en-gb |date=24 August 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=With the BBC at bay, Sky embraces the possibilities of the arts on TV |url=https://www.theguardian.com/tv-and-radio/2020/jul/28/sky-arts-free-to-air-bbc-four |website=the Guardian |access-date=24 August 2020 |language=en |date=28 July 2020}}</ref>
On 28 July 2021, Sky announced that its flagship channel [[Sky One]] would shut down on 1 September, to be replaced by two channels; [[Sky Showcase]], showing a mixture of content from other Sky Channels, and [[Sky Max]], showing Sky's original programming and entertainment previously shown on Sky One.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://metro.co.uk/2021/07/28/sky-one-when-will-it-close-and-what-new-shows-will-air-on-showcase-and-max-15001901/|title = Sky One: When will it close and what new shows will air on Showcase and Max?|date = 28 July 2021}}</ref>
On 7 October 2021, Sky announced a new all-in-one TV set called Sky Glass.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Sky Glass - 4K UHD TV - Specs & Features {{!}} Sky.com|url=https://www.sky.com/glass/technical-specifications/43inch|access-date=2021-10-07|website=www.sky.com}}</ref> It is designed to support streaming of Sky TV and streaming service shows over WiFi, eliminating the need for a satellite dish or box. It launched on 18 October 2021, with three sizes available: 43-inch, 55-inch and 65-inch.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Warren|first=Tom|date=2021-10-07|title=Sky's new Glass TVs ditch satellite dishes for Wi-Fi|url=https://www.theverge.com/2021/10/7/22714076/sky-glass-tv-streaming-service-uk-pricing-release-date|access-date=2021-10-07|website=The Verge|language=en}}</ref>
In October 2022, Comcast announced that it had written off {{USD}}8.6 billion of its valuation of Sky, with its third-quarter sales dropping 14.7 percent to $4.3 bn <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/business/2022/10/27/comcast-slashes-value-sky-86bn-european-viewers-tune/|title=Sky's US owner slashes broadcaster's value by $8.6bn|first=Matthew|last=Field|date=27 October 2022|work=Daily Telegraph}}</ref>
== Internet service ==
{{Main|Sky Broadband}}
=== History ===
In October 2005, Sky agreed to purchase the ISP [[Easynet|EasyNet]] for £211 million. <ref>{{Cite news |last1=Deans |first1=Jason |last2=editor |first2=broadcasting |date=2005-10-21 |title=BSkyB buys Easynet for £211m |url=https://www.theguardian.com/media/2005/oct/21/television.digitalmedia |access-date=2024-03-21 |work=The Guardian |language=en-GB |issn=0261-3077}}</ref> At the time, EasyNet were one of the few ISPs that had made major investments in [[local-loop unbundling]] (LLU), giving Sky access to 232 unbundled [[Telephone exchange|telephone exchanges]].<ref>{{Cite news |date=2005-10-21 |title=BSkyB hopes to plug into new markets |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/4364566.stm |access-date=2024-03-21 |language=en-GB}}</ref> The acquired EasyNet was placed under a new Sky Broadband division. In October 2007, Sky reached 1 million broadband customers and claimed to be gained one new customer every 40 seconds.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2007-10-29 |title=Sky now has 1m broadband customers |url=https://www.digitalspy.com/tech/satellite/a78705/sky-now-has-1m-broadband-customers/ |access-date=2024-03-21 |website=Digital Spy |language=en-GB}}</ref> By September 2009, Sky Broadband had 2.3 million customers.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2011-07-16 |title=BSkyB Corporate {{!}} Key facts & figures |url=http://corporate.sky.com/about_sky/key_facts_and_figures.htm |access-date=2024-03-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110716083029/http://corporate.sky.com/about_sky/key_facts_and_figures.htm |archive-date=16 July 2011 }}</ref> By July 2012 Sky Broadband had reached four million customers and had unbundled exchanges covering over 70% of the [[United Kingdom]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2012-08-15 |title=Sky Broadband network coverage |url=http://www.sky.com/helpcentre/broadband/set-up/sky-broadband-network-coverage/index.html |access-date=2024-03-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120815230426/http://www.sky.com/helpcentre/broadband/set-up/sky-broadband-network-coverage/index.html |archive-date=15 August 2012 }}</ref>
On 1 March 2013, it was announced that Sky would buy [[O2 (United Kingdom)|O2]]'s and [[Be Un Limited|Be]]'s broadband services from [[Telefónica]] for £180 million upfront plus another £20 million once customers have been transferred. Telefónica said the deal would allow it to concentrate on providing better mobile services, including rolling out 4G.<ref>{{cite news |date=1 March 2013 |title=BBC News – BSkyB buys O2 and BE broadband businesses from Telefonica |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-21627614 |access-date=6 March 2013 |work=[[BBC Online]]}}</ref>
=== Network ===
Sky offers broadband using the [[Openreach]] network. Customer premises connect to the network using [[ADSL]], [[Fiber to the x#Fiber to the curb/cabinet/node|FTTC]] and [[Fiber to the x#Fiber to the premises|FTTP]].
=== Sky Talk ===
Sky Talk is a fixed-line telephone service, with options for pay-as-you-go or bundled call minutes.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.digital-tv.co.uk/providers/sky/products/sky-talk|title=Sky Talk|website=www.digital-tv.co.uk}}</ref>
=== NOW Broadband ===
NOW Broadband is a brand name of low-cost broadband plans. It is associated with the [[Now (Sky)|Now]] [[Over-the-top media service|over-the-top]] television service brand operated by Sky.
=== Additional services ===
Sky offer two security add-ons for Sky Broadband, Sky Broadband Shield and Sky Talk Shield. Sky Broadband Shield offers network-wide [[Internet filter|web filtering]] and security and Sky Talk Shield offers [[Nuisance call|spam call]] blocking.
==Television==
{{Update|part=section|date=April 2022}}
===Digital terrestrial television===
Sky initially faced competition from the [[ONdigital]] [[digital terrestrial television]] service (later renamed [[ITV Digital]]). ITV Digital failed for numerous reasons, including, but not limited to numerous administrative and technical failures, nervous investors after a large downturn in the advertising market and the [[dot com crash]], and Sky's aggressive marketing and domination of premium sporting rights.
While Sky had been excluded from being a part of the ONdigital consortium, thereby making them a competitor by default, Sky was able to join ITV Digital's [[free-to-air]] replacement, [[Freeview (UK)|Freeview]], in which it holds an equal stake with the [[BBC]], [[ITV plc|ITV]], [[Channel Four Television Corporation|Channel 4]] and [[Arqiva]]. Prior to October 2005, three Sky channels were available on this platform: [[Sky News]], [[Sky3|Sky Three]], and [[Sky Sports News]]. Initially, Sky provided [[Sky Travel]] to the service. However, this was replaced by [[Sky3|Sky Three]] on 31 October 2005, which was itself later re-branded as 'Pick TV' in 2011.
On 8 February 2007, Sky announced its intention to replace its three free-to-air digital terrestrial channels with four subscription channels. It was proposed that these channels would offer a range of content from the Sky portfolio including sports (including English Premier League Football), films, entertainment and news.<ref>{{cite web
| last = Oatts
| first =Joanne
| title = Sky to launch new DTT service
| website=[[Digital Spy]]
| date = 8 February 2007
| url = http://www.digitalspy.co.uk/digitaltv/a42523/sky-to-launch-new-dtt-service.html
| access-date =5 March 2007 | archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20070305231144/http://www.digitalspy.co.uk/digitaltv/a42523/sky-to-launch-new-dtt-service.html| archive-date= 5 March 2007 | url-status= live}}</ref> The announcement came a day after [[Setanta Sports]] confirmed that it would launch in March as a subscription service on the digital terrestrial platform, and on the same day that NTL's services re-branded as [[Virgin Media]]. However, industry sources believe Sky will be forced to shelve plans to withdraw its channels from Freeview and replace them with subscription channels, due to possible lost advertising revenue.<ref>{{Cite news
| last = Quinn
| first = Ian
| title = Sky rethinks Freeview exit and football strategy
| publisher=[[Brand Republic]]
| date = 5 March 2007
| url = http://www.brandrepublic.com/News/637103/Sky-rethinks-Freeview-exit-football-strategy/
| access-date =5 March 2007 }}</ref>
===Video on demand===
{{Main|On Demand (Sky)}}
Sky initially faced increased competition from telecommunications providers to deliver pay television services over existing telephone lines using [[ADSL]]. Such providers are able to offer "[[triple play (telecommunications)|triple play]]" or "[[quadruple play]]" packages combining landline telephone, broadband Internet, mobile telephone and pay television services.
To compete with these providers, in October 2005, Sky bought the broadband [[Internet service provider]] [[Easynet]] for £211&nbsp;million. This acquisition allowed Sky to start offering a Sky-branded broadband service as well as a "triple play" package combining satellite television, land-line telephone and Broadband service. Sky also offers some streaming live TV channels to a computer using Microsoft's [[Silverlight]].<ref>[https://www.theguardian.com/media/2005/oct/21/television.digitalmedia BSkyB buys Easynet for £211m] The Guardian, 21 October 2005</ref>
In early 2012, Sky released an update to its [[Sky Anytime]] service. This update offers customers the chance to buy and rent films from the [[Sky Store]].
On 26 September 2012, Sky relaunched its "Anytime+" on-demand-via-broadband service as "On Demand" as the [[BBC]]'s [[iPlayer]] joined the line-up of channels offering catch-up TV on the company's [[Sky+HD|Sky+ HD]] box – linked to a router, the signal from which was recorded before viewing. The BBC was making the preceding week's programmes available alongside [[ITV (TV network)|ITV]], [[Channel 4]]'s [[All 4]], [[Channel 5 (UK)|Channel 5]] and the partly BBC Worldwide-owned [[UKTV]], as well as Sky's own channels.<ref>[http://www.digitalspy.co.uk/tech/news/a408327/sky-guide-launches-catch-up-tv-section-iplayer-itv-player-more.html ''Sky+ guide launches catch-up TV section – iPlayer, ITV Player, more'', Andrew Laughlin, Digital Spy, 26 September 2012].Retrieved: 24 December 2012.</ref>
===Sky Go===
{{main|Sky Go}}
Sky Go is provided free of charge for Sky (satellite TV) subscribers and allows them to watch channels live and on-demand through an internet connection on a computer or mobile device.
On 29 May 2009, it was confirmed that [[Sky Go]] would be made available on the [[Xbox 360]].<ref>{{cite web
| title = Sky Player comes to Xbox Live
| website = [[CNET]]
| date = 14 September 2007
| url = http://crave.cnet.co.uk/gamesgear/0,39029441,49302415,00.htm
| access-date = 29 May 2009
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20090530114604/http://crave.cnet.co.uk/gamesgear/0%2C39029441%2C49302415%2C00.htm
| archive-date = 30 May 2009
| url-status = live }}</ref> In November 2011 Sony Computer Entertainment struck a deal with Sky to bring some of its shows to the [[PlayStation Store]] Video Store. Users are able buy individual TV episodes in SD or HD.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thesixthaxis.com/2011/11/24/uk-psn-store-now-offers-tv-episodes/|title=UK PSN Store Now Offers TV Episodes|publisher=TheSixthAxis|date=24 November 2011}}</ref> On 3 December 2014, Sky Go became available on the [[PlayStation 4]] under the name "TV from Sky", followed by the [[PlayStation 3]] on 29 January 2015.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Sky Go now available for PS3 owners too, TV from Sky app in PlayStation Store|url=https://www.pocket-lint.com/tv/news/sky/132546-sky-go-now-available-for-ps3-owners-too-tv-from-sky-app-in-playstation-store|last=Pocket-lint|date=2015-01-29|website=Pocket-lint|language=en-gb|access-date=2020-05-30}}</ref>
===Sky Store===
{{main|Sky Store}}
Sky Store has a library of films from Sky Cinema that can be rented or bought, either via an app or physical DVD/Blu-ray copies by post. Sky Store is available on Sky Q boxes as well as through apps on devices such as computers and mobile devices. It is available to anyone with a compatible device and does not require a Sky TV subscription.
===NOW ===
{{main|Now (Sky)}}
An over-the-top contract-free television service from Sky. The service is provided on a NOW device or through an app on selected computers, mobile devices, set-top boxes and smart TVs. NOW is separate from the core Sky TV service.
== Sky Mobile ==
[[File:Sky Mobile logo.png|200px|frameless]]
On 21 October 2016, it was announced that public pre-registration for Sky's new mobile network, Sky Mobile, would take place from 31 October 2016. The network will operate as a Full [[Mobile virtual network operator|MVNO]], utilising the [[O2 (UK)|O2]] radio access network infrastructure, and O2's full network speeds and 4G+.<ref>{{Cite news |date=20 October 2016 |title=Sky Mobile Opens Up Pre-Registration on 31 October |url=http://www.techweekeurope.co.uk/networks/broadband/sky-mobile-31-october-launch-199351 |access-date=21 October 2016 |newspaper=TechWeekEurope UK |language=en-US}}</ref>
On 5 January 2017 Sky Mobile went live to the public across the UK. Coining itself as the Smarter Network, with tariffs mainly focused on data rather than traditional calls & text, effectively saving consumers money in wasted unused minutes and texts. 1GB data costs £10.00 per month while 5GB costs £15.00 per month with 10GB data costing £20.00 per month. With all those data tariffs, the customer can choose from two different call & text packages with the 'Pay as you use' costing 10p per minute of calls and 10p per text message sent or £10.00 per month for Unlimited Calls & Texts. The Unlimited Calls & Texts package is free for new or existing Sky TV customers using the Sky Mobile network. Since it was launched Sky has reduced the cost of its tariffs with, as of March 2021, 2GB now starting for £6.00 per month, 8GB for £10.00 per month, 10GB for £12.00 per month, 25GB for £15.00 per month, 30GB for £20 per month and 60GB for £30 has and they have also expanded the Sky VIP offering to mobile plans. They have also expanded the "piggybank" facility to allow customers to "cash-in" piggybank data to bring the monthly cost of a phone down.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.sky.com/shop/mobile|title=Mobile Phone Contracts & Pay Monthly Plans|website=www.sky.com}}</ref>
Sky Mobile launched in Ireland in September 2024,<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-09-10 |title=Sky Mobile launches in Ireland |url=https://www.bonkers.ie/blog/broadband-phone/sky-mobile-launches-in-ireland/ |access-date=2024-09-15 |website=bonkers.ie |language=en}}</ref> and also announced their plans to expand to Italy.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Maccioni |first=Federico |date=November 28, 2023 |title=Pay TV firm Sky teams up with Fastweb for mobile phone offer in Italy |url=https://www.reuters.com/business/media-telecom/pay-tv-firm-sky-teams-up-with-fastweb-launch-mobile-phone-offer-in-italy-2023-11-28/ |website=Reuters.com}}</ref>
As of 30 March 2017, Sky Mobile is offering handset deals. Products are available from manufacturers such as [[Samsung]], [[Sony]] and [[Apple Inc.|Apple]].
==Products==
===Sky Digibox===
{{main|Digibox}}
Sky launched with a set-top box known as the [[Digibox|Sky Digibox]], using the Slogans ''"What do you want to watch?", "Entertainment your way"'' and the current slogan ''"Believe in Better"''.<ref name="Believe in Better">[http://believeinbetter.sky.com/ ''Believe in Better''] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130625045903/http://believeinbetter.sky.com/ |date=25 June 2013 }} sky.com</ref> This was followed by Sky+, a [[digital video recorder]] with an internal [[hard drive]] which allows viewers to 'pause live television' (by switching from a live feed to a paused real-time recording that can be restarted at any point) and schedule programs to record in the future.
In later years the [[Sky+]] box and then the [[Sky+ HD]] box replaced the original [[Digibox]]. The first photos of a prototype Sky HD box began appearing in magazines in August 2005.{{citation needed|date=February 2019}} Sky launched [[High-definition television|HDTV]] services in May 2006. All Sky+ HD boxes incorporate a version of Sky+ using a 300GB, 500GB, or 1TB hard drive (of which 160GB, 250GB or 500GB are available to the user) to accommodate the necessary extra data.
===Sky+===
{{main|Sky+}}
Sky initially charged an additional subscription fee for using a Sky+ PVR with their service; waiving the charge for subscribers whose package included two or more premium channels. This changed as of 1 July 2007, and now customers that subscribe to any Sky package have Sky+ included at no extra charge. Customers that do not subscribe to Sky's channels can still pay a monthly fee to enable Sky+ functions. In September 2007, Sky launched a new TV advertising campaign targeting Sky+ at women. As of 31 March 2008, Sky had 3,393,000 Sky+ users.<ref name="techdigest.tv">{{Cite news
| title = BSkyB's new Sky+ advert claims to show What Women Think
| publisher=techdigest.tv
| date = 14 September 2007
| url =http://techdigest.tv/2007/09/exclusive_bskyb.html
| access-date =14 September 2007 | archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20071018013250/http://techdigest.tv/2007/09/exclusive_bskyb.html| archive-date= 18 October 2007| url-status= live}}</ref>
In January 2010 Sky discontinued the Sky+ Box, limited the standard Sky Box to Multiroom upgrade only and started to issue the Sky+ HD Box as standard, thus giving all new subscribers the functions of Sky+. In February 2011 Sky discontinued the non-HD variant of its Multiroom box, offering a smaller version of the SkyHD box without Sky+ functionality.<ref>{{Cite news
| title = Supertelly from Sky
| publisher = digitaltvpackages.co.uk
| date = 29 January 2010
| url = http://www.digitaltvpackages.co.uk/
| access-date = 24 February 2010
| url-status = dead
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20090428070830/http://www.digitaltvpackages.co.uk/
| archive-date = 28 April 2009 }}</ref>
===Sky+ HD===
{{main|Sky+ HD}}
Sky launched its [[HDTV]] service, [[Sky+ HD]], on 22 May 2006. Prior to its launch, Sky claimed that 40,000 people had registered to receive the HD service. In the week before the launch, rumours started to surface that Sky was having supply issues with its set-top box (STB) from the manufacturer [[Thomson SA|Thomson]]. On Thursday 18 May 2006, and continuing through the weekend before launch, people were reporting that Sky had either cancelled or rescheduled its installation. Finally, the [[BBC]] reported that 17,000 customers had yet to receive the service due to failed deliveries.<ref>{{cite news
| url         = http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/5003728.stm
| title       = Sky HDTV launch runs into trouble
| date        = 22 May 2006
|work=BBC News}}</ref> On 31 March 2012, Sky announced the total number of homes with Sky+ HD was 4,222,000.<ref>{{cite news | url=http://corporate.sky.com/about_sky/key_facts_and_figures | title=Key facts & figures | access-date=4 July 2014 | archive-date=19 January 2012 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120119100421/http://corporate.sky.com/about_sky/key_facts_and_figures | url-status=dead }}</ref>
In early 2012, Sky released an update to its Sky Anytime service. This update offers customers the chance to buy and rent films from the [[Sky Store]]. In June 2012, Sky launched a new EPG for Sky+ HD boxes. The update included a new modernised look and improved functionality. As of 1 October 2012, Sky Anytime was rebranded as Sky On Demand which included [[ITV Player]] and [[Demand 5]]. [[BBC iPlayer]] followed in late autumn with 4oD which changed to [[All 4]] on 30 March 2015, and launched in early 2013.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.pear-digital.com/let-your-customers-loose-on-your-betas-skys-2012-epg-sneak-peek/ |title=New Sky EPG 2012 – Should you let your customers loose on your betas? |publisher=Pear Digital |access-date=1 January 2013 |archive-date=15 March 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140315202329/http://pear-digital.com/let-your-customers-loose-on-your-betas-skys-2012-epg-sneak-peek/ |url-status=dead }}</ref>
====Sky 3D====
{{main|Sky 3D}}
Sky began to broadcast programmes in [[3D television|3D]] in April 2010. This included new 3D channels, including a ''Sky Sports 3D'' and ''Sky Movies 3D''. Sky previously experimented with 3D broadcasting by broadcasting an [[Arsenal F.C.|Arsenal]] vs [[Manchester United F.C.|Manchester United]]football game live in 3D in nine pubs situated throughout the United Kingdom.<ref>{{cite web
| url         = http://nexus404.com/Blog/2010/01/28/sky-to-broadcast-3d-premier-league-live-games-this-weekend-nine-uk-pubs-to-enjoy-live-3d-footballsoccer-arsenal-vs-manchester-united/
| title         = Sky to Broadcast 3D Premier League Live Games This Weekend
| date         = 28 January 2010
| work         = TFTS
| url-status         = dead
| archive-url         = https://archive.today/20120712033914/http://nexus404.com/Blog/2010/01/28/sky-to-broadcast-3d-premier-league-live-games-this-weekend-nine-uk-pubs-to-enjoy-live-3d-footballsoccer-arsenal-vs-manchester-united/
| archive-date         = 12 July 2012 }}</ref>
===Sky Q===
{{main|Sky Q}}
On 18 November 2015, Sky announced [[Sky Q]], a range of products and services to be available in 2016.<ref>{{cite press release
|author       = <!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.-->
|title        = Introducing Sky Q, a whole new way of watching TV
|url          = http://corporate.sky.com/media-centre/skyq/press-releases/2015/introducing-sky-q-a-whole-new-way-of-watching-tv
|publisher    = Sky
|date         = 18 November 2015
|access-date  = 22 December 2015
|archive-date = 23 December 2015
|archive-url  = https://web.archive.org/web/20151223092358/https://corporate.sky.com/media-centre/skyq/press-releases/2015/introducing-sky-q-a-whole-new-way-of-watching-tv
|url-status   = dead
}}</ref> The Sky Q range consists of three set-top boxes (Sky Q 1TB, Sky Q 2TB and Sky Q Mini), a broadband router (Sky Q Hub) and mobile applications.
The Sky Q set-top boxes introduce a new user interface, [[Hotspot (Wi-Fi)|Wi-Fi hotspot]] functionality, [[Power-line communication|Power-line]] and [[Bluetooth]] connectivity and a new touch-sensitive remote control.<ref>{{cite press release
|author       = <!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.-->
|title        = Fact Sheet Sky Q
|url          = https://corporate.sky.com/documents/sky-q-2015/fact-sheet-sky-q-silver.pdf
|publisher    = Sky
|date         = 18 November 2015
|access-date  = 22 December 2015
|archive-date = 16 January 2017
|archive-url  = https://web.archive.org/web/20170116155346/https://corporate.sky.com/documents/sky-q-2015/fact-sheet-sky-q-silver.pdf
|url-status   = dead
}}</ref> The Sky Q Mini set-top boxes connect to the Sky Q set-top boxes with a Wi-Fi or Power-line connection rather than receive their own satellite feeds. This allows all set-top boxes in a household to share recordings and other media. Sky Q Mini boxes are not capable of UHD playback due to hardware limitations.
Sky Q became available to order on 9 February 2016.
Unlike Sky, Sky+, and Sky+ HD boxes, Sky Q boxes remain the property of Sky and must be returned when the contract ends.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sky.com/shop/__PDF/Sky_Q_contract.PDF|title= Your Sky Q Contracts|date=|website=Sky UK}}</ref> Charges of up to £140 per item apply for unreturned items – Sky claims this charge does not buy the equipment, which must still be given back.<ref>{{cite web| url = https://www.sky.com/help/articles/charges-for-not-returning-sky-q-equipment| title = Charges for not returning Sky equipment {{!}} Sky Help {{!}} Sky.com}}</ref>
====4K UHD====
The Sky Q 2TB set-top box is capable of receiving and displaying [[Ultra-high-definition television|4K UHD]] broadcasts. [[High dynamic range|HDR]] was added on 27 May 2020, alongside the launch of Sky Nature and Sky Documentary channels. The HLG format is to be included in a select number of UHD VoD downloads, starting with Sky Nature before being added to other channel content. UHD broadcasts started on 13 August 2016, with the first live Premier League football match of the 2016/17 season, Hull vs Leicester City. UHD broadcasts are available free of charge to Sky Q 2TB multiscreen customers with any other relevant subscriptions.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.pocket-lint.com/news/138218-sky-q-major-software-update-rolling-out-here-s-what-your-sky-q-box-can-do-now|title=Sky Q major software update rolling out: Here's what your Sky Q box can do now – Pocket-lint|date=21 July 2016}}</ref>
===Sky Glass===
On 11 October 2021, Sky announced an in-house [[smart TV]] range known as '''Sky Glass'''. Features include a [[4K resolution|4K]] [[quantum dot display]], integrated [[Dolby Atmos]] surround sound speakers and voice controls.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Warren|first=Tom|date=2021-10-07|title=Sky's new Glass TVs ditch satellite dishes for Wi-Fi|url=https://www.theverge.com/2021/10/7/22714076/sky-glass-tv-streaming-service-uk-pricing-release-date|access-date=2021-10-10|website=The Verge|language=en}}</ref> Also announced was a 4K camera with motion controls, gesture support and a TV sharing feature developed in partnership with [[Microsoft]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Warren |first=Tom |date=2021-10-07 |title=Microsoft Kinect is back, thanks to Sky's new all-in-one TVs |url=https://www.theverge.com/2021/10/7/22714117/microsoft-kinect-is-back-sky-glass-tv-smart-camera-features |access-date=2022-03-30 |website=The Verge |language=en}}</ref> The TV set is designed to stream video over an internet connection; a [[satellite dish]] is therefore not required. It also includes a backup [[Freeview (UK)|Freeview]] tuner in case a broadband connection is not available. Sky Glass was released on 18 October 2021 in the UK,<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.express.co.uk/life-style/science-technology/1506735/Sky-Glass-Review-First-Impressions-Early-Verdict-Price-UK-4K-TV|title = Sky Glass first impressions: Ambitious 4K TV ditches the satellite dish and reboots Sky TV|date = 9 November 2021}}</ref> and 25 August 2022 in Ireland.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sky Glass to launch in Ireland this August |url=https://www.skygroup.sky/article/sky-glass-to-launch-in-ireland-this-august |access-date=2022-09-11 |website=www.skygroup.sky |language=en-gb}}</ref>
=== Sky Stream ===
{{Redirect|Sky Stream|other uses|Skystream (disambiguation){{!}}Skystream}}
On 27 September 2022, Sky announced a new streaming box called Sky Stream, which was released on 18 October 2022. The service is compatible with any broadband company, however the box is registered with a specific home.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/extras/indybest/gadgets-tech/television/sky-stream-puck-release-date-b2176194.html|title=The Sky Stream device launches next month, here's everything you need to know|date=27 September 2022|website=The Independent|accessdate=2 October 2022}}</ref>
==Television channels==
Sky, and its sister companies, operate a number of channels in the UK and Ireland with some being joint ventures with other companies:
===Active===
====Entertainment====
*[[Sky Showcase]] (+1 available)
*[[Sky Max]]
*[[Sky Atlantic]] (+1 available)
*[[Sky Comedy]]
*[[Sky Witness]] (+1 available)
*[[Sky Replay]]
*[[Sky Sci-Fi]]
*[[Sky Mix]]
*[[Comedy Central (British TV channel)|Comedy Central]] (+1 available) (joint venture with [[Paramount Global]])
*[[Comedy Central Extra]] (joint venture with Paramount Global)
*[[Challenge (TV channel)|Challenge]]
====Lifestyle====
*[[Blaze (British and Irish TV channel)|Blaze]] (part-time +1 available)<ref name="aenetworks.tv">{{Cite web|url=https://www.aenetworks.tv/who-we-are|title = Who we are|date = 25 February 2017}}</ref> (joint venture with A+E Networks UK)
====Factual====
*[[Sky Arts]]
*[[Sky Crime]] (+1 available)
*[[Sky Documentaries]]
*[[History (European TV channel)|Sky History]] (+1 available) (joint venture with A+E Networks UK)
*[[H2 (A&E Networks)|Sky History 2]] (joint venture with A+E Networks UK)
*[[Sky Nature]]
*[[Crime & Investigation (European TV channel)|Crime & Investigation]] (+1 available) (joint venture with A+E Networks UK)<ref name="aenetworks.tv"/>
====News====
*[[Sky News]]
*[[Sky News Arabia]] (joint venture with Abu Dhabi Media Investment Corporation (ADMIC))
====Sports====
{{Main|Sky Sports}}
*[[Sky Sports Main Event]]
*[[Sky Sports Premier League]]
*[[Sky Sports Football]]
*[[Sky Sports Cricket]]
*[[Sky Sports Golf]]
*[[Sky Sports F1]]
*[[Sky Sports Action]]
*[[Sky Sports Arena|Sky Sports +]]
*[[Sky Sports Darts]]
*[[Sky Sports Mix]]
*[[Sky Sports News]]
*[[Sky Sports NFL]]
*[[Sky Sports Racing]]
*[[Sky Sports Tennis]]
====Movies====
{{Main|Sky Cinema}}
*Sky Cinema Premiere
*Sky Cinema Select
*Sky Cinema Hits
*Sky Cinema Greats
*Sky Cinema Animation
*Sky Cinema Family
*Sky Cinema Action
*Sky Cinema Comedy
*Sky Cinema Thriller
*Sky Cinema Drama
*Sky Cinema Sci-Fi Horror
====Kids====
*[[Sky Kids (TV channel)|Sky Kids]]
===Defunct===
*[[Eurosport]]
*[[Sky One]]
*[[Sky Living]]
*[[E! (European TV channel)|E!]]
*[[Now (British TV channel)|Now]]
*[[The Power Station (TV channel)|The Power Station]]
*[[The Sports Channel]]
*[[The Comedy Channel (British TV channel)|The Comedy Channel]]
*[[The Movie Channel (British TV channel)|The Movie Channel]]
*[[Sky Scottish]]
*[[Sky Soap]]
*[[.tv (TV channel)|.tv]]
*[[PremPlus]]
*[[Sky News Ireland]]
*[[The Amp]]
*[[Sky Travel]]
*[[Sky Real Lives]]
*[[Bravo (British TV channel)|Bravo]]
*[[Bravo 2]]
*[[Channel One (British and Irish TV channel)|Channel One]]
*[[Sky 3D]]
*[[Challenge Jackpot]]
*[[Merit (TV channel)|Merit]]
*[[Sky Cinema|Sky Movies Indie]]
==Marketing==
'''Sky''' (formerly marketed as '''Sky Digital''') is the brand name for [[Sky Group]]'s United Kingdom digital satellite television and telecommunications services. Slogans that have been used for marketing include ''"What do you want to watch?", "Entertainment your way"'' and the current slogan ''"Believe in Better"''.<ref name="Believe in Better"/> Sky has also aired several advertisements featuring characters from [[Toy Story (franchise)|Toy Story]] for ''[[Toy Story of Terror!]]'' and ''[[Toy Story That Time Forgot]]'', [[Minions (film)|''Minions'']], [[Inside Out (2015 film)|''Inside Out'']], ''[[Kung Fu Panda 3]]'', ''[[The Secret Life of Pets]]'', ''[[The Lego Batman Movie]]'', ''[[Despicable Me 3]]'' and ''[[Monster Family]]''.
==Broadcasting==
[[File:Sky minidish.JPG|thumb|Sky [[Minidish]]]]
{{More citations needed section|date=September 2021}}
===Transmission===
When Sky Digital was launched in 1998 the new service used the [[Astra 2A]] satellite which was located at the 28.2°E orbital position,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sky Digital (Standard Definition) |url=https://www.astra2sat.com/sky/sky-standard-definition/ |access-date=2024-03-21 |language=en-GB}}</ref> unlike the analogue service which was broadcast from [[Astra 19.2°E|19.2°E]]. This was subsequently followed by more Astra satellites as well as [[Eutelsat]]'s Eurobird 1 (now [[Eutelsat 33C]]) at 28.5°E), enabled the company to launch a new all-digital service, Sky, with the potential to carry hundreds of television and radio channels.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.lyngsat.com/Eutelsat-28A.html|title=Eutelsat 28A at 28.5°E – LyngSat|work=lyngsat.com}}</ref> The old position was shared with broadcasters from several European countries, while the new position at 28.5°E came to be used almost exclusively for channels that broadcast to the United Kingdom.
New Astra satellites joined the position in 2000 and 2001, and the number of channels available to customers increased accordingly. This trend continued with the launch of Eurobird 1 (now Eutelsat 33C) in 2001. Additionally, some channels occasionally received new numbering – However, in early 2006, the majority of channels received new numbering, with some receiving single-digit changes, whilst others received new numbers entirely.
It was the UK's most popular digital TV service until it was overtaken by [[Freeview (UK)|Freeview]] in April 2007.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/media/2007/apr/19/broadcasting.digitaltvradio |title=Freeview ascent puts it above Sky in digital race |last=Gibson |first=Owen |work=The Guardian |date=19 April 2007 |access-date=23 March 2024}}</ref>
Prior to the migration to Astra 2E, 2F and 2G, Sky was transmitted from the [[Astra (satellites)|Astra]] satellites located at [[Astra 28.2°E|28.2° east]] ([[Astra 2A|2A]]/[[Astra 2C|2C]]/[[Astra 2E|2E]]/[[Astra 2F|2F]]) and [[Eutelsat]]'s [[Eutelsat 33C]] satellite at 28.5°E.
As of 2019, Astra 2E, 2F and 2G are the sole satellites used by Sky UK;<ref name="SatExpat Sky UK satellites">{{cite web |url=http://en.satexpat.com/tv/uk/sky/ |title=Sky UK – Frequency and channel list – Astra 2 UK Spotbeam and Astra 2 European Beam |date=2019-04-23 |access-date=2019-04-23 }}</ref> a number of services are served via narrow UK-only [[spot beam]]s, the other services downlinked with a Europe-wide footprint. UK-only spot beams are intentionally tightly focused over mainland UK, however they are still receivable dependent on location and access to a sufficiently large dish and sensitive LNB.<ref name="SkyOffshore coverage 2019-04-23">{{cite web |url=https://www.skyoffshore.co.uk/support/sky-coverage |title=SKY Coverage / Sky Offshore |date=2019-04-23 |access-date=2019-04-23 |archive-date=23 April 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190423140055/https://www.skyoffshore.co.uk/support/sky-coverage |url-status=dead }}</ref>
Eutelsat 33C was subsequently moved to 33° East, then moved again to 133° West and renamed as 'Eutelsat 133 West A' to serve transponders offering European and African language services.<ref name="Eutelsat 2019-02-15 - 18-19 H1 results">{{cite web |url=https://www.apnews.com/8c9a005f43b343158676fb88b0323df2 |title=Eutelsat Communications: First Half 2018–19 Results |website=[[Associated Press]] |date=2019-02-15 |access-date=2019-04-23 }}</ref><ref name="Satbeams Eutelsat 133West A">{{cite web |url=https://www.satbeams.com/satellites?norad=26719 |title=SatBeams – Satellite Details – Eutelsat 133 West A (E133WA, Eutelsat 33C, E33C, Eutelsat 28A, E28A, Eurobird 1, Eutelsat W1R, Europesat 1) |date=2019-04-23 |access-date=2019-04-23 }}</ref>
===Low-noise block converter===
Provided is a universal [[Ku band]] [[Low-noise block converter|LNB]] (9.75/10.600&nbsp;GHz) which is fitted at the end of the dish and pointed at the correct satellite constellation; most digital receivers will receive the free to air channels. Some broadcasts are free-to-air and unencrypted, some are encrypted but do not require a monthly subscription (known as free-to-view), some are encrypted and require a monthly subscription, and some are pay-per-view services. To view the encrypted content a [[VideoGuard]] UK-equipped receiver (all of which are dedicated to the Sky service, and cannot be used to decrypt other services) needs to be used. Unofficial [[conditional-access module|CAMs]] are now available to view the service, although the use of
them breaks the user's contract with Sky and invalidates the user's rights to use the card.
===Standard definition broadcasts===
Sky's standard definition broadcasts are in [[Digital Video Broadcasting|DVB]]-compliant [[MPEG-2]], with the [[Sky Cinema]] and [[Sky Box Office]] channels including optional [[Dolby Digital]] soundtracks for recent films, although these are only accessible with a Sky+ box. Sky+ HD material is broadcast using [[MPEG-4]] and most of the HD material uses the [[DVB-S2]] standard. Interactive services and 7-day [[EPG]] use the proprietary OpenTV system, with set-top boxes including [[modem]]s for a return path. [[Sky News]], amongst other channels, provides a pseudo-[[video on demand]] interactive service by broadcasting looping video streams.
===Digital satellite receivers===
Sky utilises the [[VideoGuard]] pay-TV scrambling system owned by [[NDS Group|NDS]], a [[Cisco Systems]] company. There are tight controls over the use of VideoGuard decoders; they are not available as stand-alone [[Digital Video Broadcasting|DVB]] CAMs ([[conditional-access module]]s). Sky has design authority over all digital satellite receivers capable of receiving their service. The receivers, though designed and built by different manufacturers, must conform to the same user interface look and feel as all the others. This extends to the [[Personal video recorder]] (PVR) offering (branded [[Sky+]]).
===Electronic programme guide===
====Technology====
Sky maintains an [[electronic programme guide]] (EPG) which provides information about upcoming programmes and a list of channels. TV channels available on Sky are assigned a three-digit [[logical channel number]] which can be entered on the remote control to access the channel and determines in what order the channels are listed. Since 2005, radio channels similarly receive a four-digit EPG number (usually 0 prefix + three digits, although they can sometimes have a 3 prefix instead of a 0 on some older Sky Digiboxes & Sky+ boxes).
The EPG differs depending on the viewer's location due to the limited regional availability of certain channels or conditions relating to their [[must-carry]] status. For example, this ensures that viewers get access to the correct BBC or ITV region or that [[S4C]] gets a prominent listing in Wales.
All channels are grouped into categories depending on their content. What section of the EPG a channel gets allocated is determined by rules set up by Sky.
In 2000, Sky introduced an audio channel line-up service for its [[Visual impairment|blind or partially-sighted]] customers on channel 996, which features a continuous recording of a [[Human voice|voice]] reading out the names and numbers of all the channels that are currently available. The service started with a female voice, who has since been replaced by several male voices in later years (including today's male voice) - as by far she was the only female voice to be used on the service.
Sky has no veto over the presence of channels on their EPG, with open access being enforced as part of their operating licence from [[Ofcom]]. Any channel which can get carriage on a suitable beam of a satellite at 28° East is entitled to access to Sky's EPG for a fee, ranging from £15–100,000. Third-party channels which opt for encryption receive discounts ranging from reduced price to free EPG entries, free carriage on a Sky leased transponder or actual payment for being carried. However, even in this case, Sky does not carry any control over the channel's content or carriage issues such as picture quality.
In October 2007, Sky announced that they would not accept new applications to launch the channel on their EPG, citing "very significant memory constraints" on many of its older digiboxes.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/media/2007/oct/05/bskyb.business|title=Sky to reject new channel applications|newspaper=The Guardian|date=5 October 2007}}</ref>
In June 2012, Sky launched a new EPG dubbed "Darwin" for their Sky+HD receivers, offering a more modern, refreshed interface and some improved functionality. Newer SkyQ UHD receivers utilise different hardware, so run a different software stack.
====Numbering system====
The EPG numbering is altered frequently when new channels launch or receive new numbers. A few times, the EPG has been substantially altered. For example:
*In early 2006, most channels received new numbering. This shake-up was intended to split up the original ten categories into sixteen. For example, several channels that had been listed under the 'Entertainment' category were split off into a new 'Lifestyle & Culture' category while the 'News & Documentaries' category was split into two. The 'Specialist' category, which had included shopping, dating, gambling, and international and adult channels was split into several genres.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.broadcastnow.co.uk/sky-in-epg-shake-up/1022082.article|title=Sky in EPG shake-up|date=31 March 2005|publisher=Broadcast}}</ref>
*Following the integration of [[Living TV Group]] into [[BSkyB|Sky]] in early 2011, several prominent slots were freed up as many channels were closed down. It was, reported Broadband TV News, the biggest reshuffle in EPG positions for over a decade, with MTV, Comedy Central, Universal Channel, Syfy, News Corporation's FX, and 40 HD channels moving to more prominent places.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.tvgenius.net/blog/2011/01/21/sky-epg-shake-viewing-habits/ |title=Why Sky EPG Changes Won't Shake Viewing Habits |publisher=Tvgenius.net |date=21 January 2011 |access-date=18 April 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110429155735/http://www.tvgenius.net/blog/2011/01/21/sky-epg-shake-viewing-habits/ |archive-date=29 April 2011 |url-status=dead}}</ref>
* Documentaries and other channels moving towards general entertainment programming and many other channel categories are being overspilled into other parts of the EPG. Sky reshuffled the channels again on 1 May 2018 which merged the documentaries and entertainment channels making many documentaries move to more prominent slots which had been occupied by time shift and standard definition channels which had been given their own areas in the 200s and 800s with the 800s being also filled with SD channels from other categories.<ref>{{cite web |url= http://storage.sky.com/prod/helpcentre/UK_TV_GUIDE_307748A02_2.pdf |title= Sky UK TV Guide}}</ref>
==Competition==
On 12 July 2011, former Prime Minister [[Gordon Brown]] claimed that Sky's largest shareholder – [[News Corporation (1980–2013)|News Corporation]] – attempted to affect government policy with regards to the [[BBC]] in pursuit of its own commercial interests.<ref name="Brown accuses News International of using known criminals">[https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-14120143 "Brown accuses News International of using 'known criminals,'"], BBC News, Tuesday 12 July 2011</ref> He went further, in a speech in Parliament on 13 July 2011, stating:
<blockquote>"Mr James Murdoch, which included his cold assertion that profit, not standards were what mattered in the media, underpinned an ever more aggressive News International and Sky agenda under his and Mrs Brooks' leadership that was brutal in its simplicity. Their aim was to cut the BBC licence fee, to force BBC online to charge for its content, for the BBC to sell off its commercial activities, to open up more national sporting events to bids from Sky and move them away from the BBC, to open up the cable and satellite infrastructure market, and to reduce the power of their regulator, Ofcom. I rejected those policies."<ref name="Hansard, 13 July 2011">[https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm201011/cmhansrd/cm110713/debtext/110713-0003.htm#11071379000002 "Opposition Day – Rupert Murdoch and News Corporation Bid for BSkyB,"] Hansard: 13 July 2011 – Column 400</ref></blockquote>
On 13 July 2011, MP [[Chris Bryant]] stated to the House of Commons, in the Parliamentary Debate on the [[Rupert Murdoch]] and [[News Corporation (1980–2013)|News Corporation]] Bid for Sky that the company was anti-competitive:
<blockquote>"The company has lots of technological innovation that only a robust entrepreneur could bring to British society, but it has also often been profoundly anti-competitive. I believe that the bundling of channels so as to increase profit and make it impossible for others to participate in the market is anti-competitive. I believe that the way in which the application programming interface—the operating system—has been used has been anti-competitive and that Sky has deliberately set about selling set-top boxes elsewhere, outside areas where they have proper rights. If one visits a flat in Spain where a British person lives, one finds that they mysteriously manage to have a Sky box there even though it is registered to a house in the United Kingdom."<ref>{{cite news | url=https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm201011/cmhansrd/cm110713/debtext/110713-0004.htm |title=Hansard, House of Commons Debates 13 July 2011:Rupert Murdoch and News Corporation Bid for BSkyB (Column 416–417) |date=13 July 2011 |access-date=14 July 2011 |publisher=Parliament.uk}}</ref> </blockquote>
==Virgin Media dispute==
[[Virgin Media]] (re-branded in 2007 from ''NTL:Telewest'') started to offer a [[high-definition television]] (HDTV) capable set top box, although from 30 November 2006 until 30 July 2009 it only carried one linear HD channel, [[BBC HD]], after the conclusion of the [[ITV HD]] trial. Virgin Media has claimed that other HD channels were "locked up" or otherwise withheld from their platform,<ref name="digitalspy.co.uk">{{cite web|url=http://www.digitalspy.co.uk/digitaltv/a138500/multiple-hd-channels-to-launch-on-virgin.html |title=Multiple HD channels to launch on Virgin |work=Digital Spy |location=UK |date=15 December 2008 |access-date=18 April 2011}}</ref> although Virgin Media did in fact have an option to carry Channel 4 HD in the future.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.digitalspy.co.uk/digitaltv/a77218/virgin-to-show-channel-4-content-in-hd.html |title=Virgin to show Channel 4 content in HD |work=Digital Spy |location=UK |date=8 October 2007 |access-date=18 April 2011| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20090628205222/http://www.digitalspy.co.uk/digitaltv/a77218/virgin-to-show-channel-4-content-in-hd.html| archive-date=28 June 2009| url-status= live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cableforum.co.uk/article/363/virgin-media-in-hd-content-deal-with-channel-4 |title=Virgin Media in HD content deal with Channel 4 |publisher=Cableforum.co.uk |access-date=18 April 2011| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20110515195716/http://www.cableforum.co.uk/article/363/virgin-media-in-hd-content-deal-with-channel-4| archive-date= 15 May 2011 | url-status= live}}</ref> Nonetheless, the linear channels were not offered, Virgin Media instead concentrating on its [[Video on Demand]] service<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.digitalspy.co.uk/digitaltv/a111736/no-more-virgin-hd-despite-sky-launches.html |title=No more Virgin HD despite Sky launches |work=Digital Spy |location=UK |date=16 July 2008 |access-date=18 April 2011| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20090715225642/http://www.digitalspy.co.uk/digitaltv/a111736/no-more-virgin-hd-despite-sky-launches.html| archive-date=15 July 2009| url-status= live}}</ref> to carry a modest selection of HD content.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.digitalspy.co.uk/digitaltv/a94589/virgin-we-only-need-one-hd-channel.html |title=Virgin – we only need one HD channel |work=Digital Spy |location=UK |date=24 April 2008 |access-date=18 April 2011| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20090606065254/http://www.digitalspy.co.uk/digitaltv/a94589/virgin-we-only-need-one-hd-channel.html| archive-date=6 June 2009| url-status= live}}</ref> Virgin Media has nevertheless made a number of statements over the years, suggesting that more linear HD channels are on the way.<ref name="digitalspy.co.uk" /><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.digitalspy.co.uk/digitaltv/a138069/virgin-to-add-linear-hd-channels.html |title=Virgin to add linear HD channels |work=Digital Spy |location=UK |date=12 December 2008 |access-date=18 April 2011| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20090605020422/http://www.digitalspy.co.uk/digitaltv/a138069/virgin-to-add-linear-hd-channels.html| archive-date=5 June 2009| url-status= live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.digitalspy.co.uk/digitaltv/a149260/virgin-media-working-on-hd.html |title=Virgin Media working on HD |work=Digital Spy |location=UK |date=11 March 2009 |access-date=18 April 2011| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20090616161758/http://www.digitalspy.co.uk/digitaltv/a149260/virgin-media-working-on-hd.html| archive-date=16 June 2009| url-status= live}}</ref>
In 2007, Sky and Virgin Media became involved in a dispute over the carriage of Sky channels on cable TV. The failure to renew the existing carriage agreements negotiated with NTL and Telewest resulted in Virgin Media removing the basic channels from the network on 1 March 2007. Virgin Media claimed that Sky had substantially increased the asking price for the channels, a claim which Sky denied, on the basis that their new deal offered "substantially more value" by including HD channels and Video On Demand content which was not previously carried by cable.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.digitalspy.co.uk/digitaltv/a43250/in-full-latest-sky-statement-on-virgin-dispute.html |title=Sky statement on Virgin dispute |work=Digital Spy |location=UK |date=27 February 2007 |access-date=18 April 2011| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20080327141517/http://www.digitalspy.co.uk/digitaltv/a43250/in-full-latest-sky-statement-on-virgin-dispute.html| archive-date=27 March 2008| url-status= live}}</ref>
In response, Sky ran a number of TV, radio and print advertisements claiming that Virgin Media ''doubted the value'' of the channels concerned, at first urging Virgin Media customers to call their cable operator to show their support for Sky, and later urging Virgin Media customers to migrate to Sky to continue receiving the channels. The broadcasting regulator [[Ofcom]] subsequently found these adverts in breach of their code.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.digitalspy.co.uk/digitaltv/a133816/ofcom-sky-breached-code-over-virgin-promos.html |title=Sky breached code over Virgin promotions |work=Digital Spy |location=UK |date=27 October 2008 |access-date=18 April 2011| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20100506010029/http://www.digitalspy.co.uk/digitaltv/a133816/ofcom-sky-breached-code-over-virgin-promos.html| archive-date=6 May 2010| url-status= live}}</ref>
The availability (at an extra charge) of Sky's premium sports and movie services was not affected by the dispute, and Sky Sports 3 was offered as a replacement for Sky One on many Virgin Media packages. This impasse continued for twenty-one months, with both companies initiating High Court proceedings.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/6549541.stm |title=BBC News |date=12 April 2007 |access-date=18 April 2011| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20080323025343/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/6549541.stm| archive-date=23 March 2008| url-status= live}}</ref> Amongst Virgin Media's claims to the court<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.rapturetv.com/files/Virgin%20Claim.PDF|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170623005906/http://www.rapturetv.com/files/Virgin%20Claim.PDF|url-status=dead|archive-date=2017-06-23|title=Rapture TV}}</ref> (denied by Sky) were that Sky had unfairly reduced the amount which it paid to VMTV for the carriage of Virgin Media's own channels on satellite.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.rapturetv.com/files/BskyB%20Defence.PDF|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170622233907/http://www.rapturetv.com/files/BskyB%20Defence.PDF|url-status=dead|archive-date=2017-06-22|title=Rapture TV}}</ref>
Eventually, on 4 November 2008 it was announced that an agreement had been struck for Sky's basic channels&nbsp;– including [[Sky One]], [[Sky Two]], [[Pick (TV channel)|Sky Three]], [[Sky News]], [[Sky Sports News]], [[Sky Arts|Sky Arts 1]], Sky Arts 2, [[Sky Real Lives]] and Sky Real Lives 2 to return to Virgin Media from 13 November 2008 until 12 June 2011. In exchange, Sky would be provided continued carriage of [[Living TV Group|Virgin Media Television]]'s channels&nbsp;– [[Sky Living|Living]], [[Real Lives (TV channel)|Livingit]], [[Bravo (UK TV channel)|Bravo]], Bravo +1, [[Trouble (TV channel)|Trouble]], [[Challenge (TV channel)|Challenge]] and [[Channel One (UK and Ireland)|Virgin1]] for the same period.<ref>{{Cite news
| title =BSkyB and Virgin Media Sign New Channel Carriage Agreements
| publisher=skyuser.co.uk
| date= 1 March 2007
| url =http://www.skyuser.co.uk/skyinfo/bskyb_and_virgin_media_sign_new_channel_carriage_agreements.html
| access-date =4 November 2008 | archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20081207181552/http://www.skyuser.co.uk/skyinfo/bskyb_and_virgin_media_sign_new_channel_carriage_agreements.html| archive-date= 7 December 2008 | url-status= live}}</ref>
The agreements include fixed annual carriage fees of £30m for the channels with both channel suppliers able to secure additional capped payments if their channels meet certain performance-related targets. Currently, there is no indication as to whether the new deal includes the additional Video On Demand and High Definition content which had previously been offered by Sky. As part of the agreements, both Sky and Virgin Media agreed to terminate all High Court proceedings against each other relating to the carriage of their respective basic channels.<ref>{{Cite news| title =Virgin pays Sky £30m for basic channels| work =Digital Spy| location =UK| date =1 March 2007| url =http://www.digitalspy.co.uk/digitaltv/a134814/virgin-pays-sky-gbp30m-for-basic-channels.html| access-date =6 November 2008| archive-url =https://web.archive.org/web/20081210011756/http://www.digitalspy.co.uk/digitaltv/a134814/virgin-pays-sky-gbp30m-for-basic-channels.html| archive-date =10 December 2008| url-status =live| df =dmy-all}}</ref>
== Discovery Networks dispute ==
On 25 January 2017, [[Discovery Networks Northern Europe|Discovery Networks]] announced that they were in a dispute with Sky UK over the costs of payment fees to the broadcaster.
The broadcaster threatened to blackout their channels on the Sky platform, which includes [[Eurosport]], [[Discovery Channel (UK and Ireland)|Discovery Channel]], [[TLC (UK and Ireland)|TLC]], [[Animal Planet (UK TV channel)|Animal Planet]], [[Investigation Discovery Europe|Investigation Discovery]], [[DMAX (UK TV channel)|DMAX]], [[Discovery Turbo]], [[Discovery Shed]], [[Discovery Science (European TV channel)|Discovery Science]], [[Discovery History]] and [[Discovery Home & Health|Home & Health]], unless Sky accepted their request for fair pricing. Sky indicated that they will not bow down, and the channels would likely become unavailable from 1 February 2017.
The same day, Discovery sent out a press release on the dispute and also blocked access to its own website with the news. Discovery stated ''enough is enough'' and claimed that Sky is paying less for its channels than it was ten years ago. At that time, Discovery had stated that its viewing share has grown by more than 20%. Managing Director [[Susanna Dinnage]] stated in the press release:"We believe Sky is using what we consider to be its dominant market position to further its own commercial interest over those of viewers and independent broadcasters. The vitality of independent broadcasters like Discovery and plurality in TV is under threat."
In response, Sky stated that they had been "overpaying Discovery for years." It comes after Sky had paid £4.2 billion on Premier League rights for the following three seasons.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.businessinsider.com/discovery-in-extraordinary-row-with-sky-2017-1|title=Discovery UK is threatening to switch off its channels on Sky in an extraordinary disagreement|newspaper=Business Insider|language=en|access-date=2017-01-26}}</ref>
The channel 'blackout' would have also affected the Sky-owned [[Now TV (UK and Ireland)|NOW TV]] with the removal of Discovery Channel from both the live stream and On Demand service.
On 31 January 2017 at around 21:00, Sky UK revealed that they would continue to broadcast the Discovery Networks Channels by releasing the following statement:
"Great news, we can confirm that Sky will continue to carry the Discovery and Eurosport channels. This means you can still watch channels including: Animal Planet, Discovery HD, Discovery History, Discovery Home & Health, Discovery Science, Discovery Shed, Discovery Turbo, DMAX, Eurosport1, Eurosport2, Investigation Discovery, TLC, and Quest."
At the time of the statement release, it had not been revealed how much Sky UK had paid Discovery Networks.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/technology-38826581|title=Discovery strikes deal to keep channels on Sky|date=1 February 2017|access-date=29 April 2024|work=[[British Broadcasting Corporation|BBC]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190304030924/https://www.bbc.com/news/technology-38826581|archive-date=4 March 2019|url-status=live}}</ref>
==Litigation==
In July 2013, the English [[High Court of Justice]] found that [[Microsoft]]'s use of the term "[[OneDrive|SkyDrive]]" infringed on Sky's right to the "Sky" trademark. On 31 July 2013, Sky and Microsoft announced their settlement, in which Microsoft will not appeal the ruling, and will rename its SkyDrive [[cloud storage service]] after an unspecified "reasonable period of time to allow for an orderly transition to a new brand," plus "financial and other terms, the details of which are confidential".<ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.zdnet.com/article/microsoft-to-rebrand-skydrive-after-losing-trademark-skirmish/ |title= Microsoft to rebrand SkyDrive after losing trademark skirmish |last1= Foley |first1= Mary Jo |date= 31 July 2013 |website= All About Microsoft |publisher= ZDNet |access-date=14 February 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url= https://techcrunch.com/2013/07/31/microsoft-will-rebrand-skydrive-after-it-settles-trademark-case-with-sky-broadcasting/ |title= Microsoft Will Rebrand SkyDrive After It Settles Trademark Case With Sky Broadcasting |last1= Lardinois |first1= Frederic |date= 31 July 2013 |website= TechCrunch |access-date=14 February 2014}}</ref> On 27 January 2014, Microsoft announced "that SkyDrive will soon become OneDrive" and "SkyDrive Pro" becomes "OneDrive for Business".<ref>{{cite web|url=http://blog.onedrive.com/onedrive-for-everything-your-life/|last=Gavin|first=Ryan|title=OneDrive for Everything in Your Life|website=The OneDrive Blog|publisher=Microsoft|date=27 January 2014|access-date=14 February 2014|archive-date=14 May 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140514161558/https://blog.onedrive.com/onedrive-for-everything-your-life/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.zdnet.com/article/microsoft-rechristens-skydrive-as-onedrive/|first=Mary Jo|last=Foley|title=Microsoft rechristens 'SkyDrive' as 'OneDrive'|website=[[ZDNet]]|date=27 January 2014|access-date=14 February 2014}}</ref>
[[Hello Games]] was in legal negotiations with Sky over the trademark on the word "Sky" used for the title of their video game ''[[No Man's Sky]]'' for three years. The issue was ultimately settled in June 2016, allowing Hello Games to continue to use the name.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.polygon.com/2016/6/17/11967190/no-mans-sky-sean-murray-bskyb | title = No Man's Sky dev says it was caught in 'secret, stupid' legal battle over game's name | first = Michael | last =McWhertor | date = 17 June 2016 | access-date = 17 June 2016 | work = [[Polygon (website)|Polygon]] }}</ref>
==Criticisms and controversies==
{{Main|Criticisms of Sky UK}}
== Awards and nominations ==
{| class="wikitable" width="100%"
|-
! Year !! Association !! Category !! Nominee(s) !! Result
|-
|rowspan="1"|2017 || rowspan="1"| Diversity in Media Awards || Broadcaster of the Year || Sky || {{won}}
|}
==See also==
{{div col}}
* [[Sky Group]]
* [[Sky Deutschland]]
* [[Sky Ireland]]
* [[Sky Italia]]
* [[Sky España]]
* [[Sky+]]
* [[Sky+ HD]]
* [[Sky Q]]
* [[Sky Betting and Gaming]]
* [[Sky Go]]
* [[Sky Vision]]
* [[Sky Magazine]]
* [[Astra (satellite)|Astra]]
* [[Digibox]]
* [[Now (Sky)|NOW]]
* [[Freesat from Sky]]
* [[Team Sky]]
{{div col end}}
==References==
{{reflist|30em}}
==External links==
*{{Official website}}
*[https://SkyVision.Sky.com/ Sky Vision] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190402123044/https://skyvision.sky.com/ |date=2 April 2019 }} — official production and distribution arm of Sky TV
*[https://www.Sky.com/tv-guide Sky TV Guide] — online 'electronic programme guide' (EPG)
*[https://www.tvchannellists.com/w/List_of_channels_on_Sky_Q_(United_Kingdom_%26_Ireland) List of channels on Sky Q (UK and Ireland)] — at www.TVChannelLists.com wiki site
*
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