View source for Soyuz TMA-7

{{Refimprove|date=September 2009}}
{{short description|2005 Russian crewed spaceflight to the ISS}}
{{Infobox spaceflight
| name                  = Soyuz TMA-7
| image                 = File:Soyuz TMA-7 launch.jpg
| image_caption         =
| insignia              =
| mission_type          =
| operator              = [[Roscosmos]]
| COSPAR_ID             = 2005-039A
| SATCAT                =
| mission_duration      = 189 days, 19 hours, 53 minutes
| distance_travelled    =
| orbits_completed      = 2,987
| spacecraft            =
| spacecraft_type       = [[Soyuz-TMA]] 11F732
| manufacturer          = [[Energia (corporation)|Energia]]
| launch_mass           = {{convert|7200|kg|lb}}
| landing_mass          =
| launch_date           = {{start-date|October 1, 2005, 03:55:00|timezone=yes}}&nbsp;UTC
| launch_rocket         = [[Soyuz-FG]]
| launch_site           = [[Baikonur Cosmodrome|Baikonur]] [[Baikonur Cosmodrome Site 1|1/5]]
| landing_date          = {{end-date|April 8, 2006, 23:48:00|timezone=yes}}&nbsp;UTC
| landing_site          =
| crew_size             = 3
| crew_members          = [[Valery Tokarev|Valery I. Tokarev]]<br/>[[William S. McArthur|William S. McArthur, Jr.]]
| crew_launching        = [[Gregory Olsen|Gregory H. "Greg" Olsen]]
| crew_landing          = [[Marcos Pontes|Marcos C. Pontes]]
| crew_callsign         =
| crew_photo            = Crew of soyuz tma7.jpg
| crew_photo_caption    =
| orbit_epoch           =
| orbit_reference       = [[Geocentric orbit|Geocentric]]
| orbit_regime          = [[Low Earth orbit|Low Earth]]
| orbit_periapsis       = ~{{convert|200|km|mi}}
| orbit_apoapsis        = ~{{convert|252|km|mi}}
| orbit_inclination     = ~51.7&nbsp;degrees
| orbit_period          = ~88.7&nbsp;minutes
| apsis                 = gee
| docking               =
{{Infobox spaceflight/Dock
| docking_target     = [[International Space Station|ISS]]
| docking_type       = dock
| docking_port       = [[Pirs (ISS module)|Pirs]] nadir
| docking_date       = 3 October 2005<br/>05:27 UTC
| undocking_date     = 18 November 2005<br/>08:46 UTC
| time_docked        = {{time interval|3 October 2005 05:27|18 November 2005 08:46|show=dhm|abbr=on}}
}}
{{Infobox spaceflight/Dock
| docking_target     = [[International Space Station|ISS]] <br>(Relocation)
| docking_type       = dock
| docking_port       = [[Zarya (ISS module)|Zarya]] nadir
| docking_date       = 18 November 2005<br/>09:05 UTC
| undocking_date     = 20 March 2006<br/>06:49 UTC
| time_docked        = {{time interval|18 November 2005 09:05|20 March 2006 06:49|show=dhm|abbr=on}}
}}
{{Infobox spaceflight/Dock
| docking_target     = [[International Space Station|ISS]] <br>(Relocation)
| docking_type       = dock
| docking_port       = [[Zvezda (ISS module)|Zvezda]] aft
| docking_date       = 20 March 2006<br/>07:11 UTC
| undocking_date     = 8 April 2006<br/>20:28 UTC
| time_docked        = {{time interval|20 March 2006 07:11|8 April 2006 20:28|show=dhm|abbr=on}}
}}
| previous_mission      = [[Soyuz TMA-6]]
| next_mission          = [[Soyuz TMA-8]]
| programme             = [[Soyuz programme]]<br/><small>(Crewed missions)</small>
}}
'''Soyuz TMA-7''' ({{langx|ru|Союз ТМА-7}}) was a transport mission for portions of the [[International Space Station]] (ISS) ''[[Expedition 12]]'' crew launched October 1, 2005. The flight delivered ISS Commander [[William S. McArthur|William McArthur]] and ISS Flight Engineer [[Valery Tokarev]] to the station to replace ''[[Expedition 11]]'' crew members. Spaceflight Participant [[Gregory Olsen]] joined the TMA-7 crew for the ascent and docking with the ISS, spent approximately eight days aboard conducting experiments, then returned to Earth with the outgoing members of ''Expedition 11'' aboard [[Soyuz TMA-6]]. McArthur and Tokarev were joined on their return trip to Earth by Flight Engineer [[Marcos Pontes]] who launched aboard [[Soyuz TMA-8]] and spent approximately seven days aboard the ISS [[Missão Centenário|conducting experiments]] for the [[Brazilian Space Agency]].
[[Image:Soyuz TMA-7 spacecraft2edit1.jpg|250px|thumb|Soyuz TMA-7 seen from the [[ISS]].]]
==Crew==
{{Spaceflight crew
|position1       = Commander
|crew1_up        = {{Flagicon|RUS}} [[Valery Tokarev]], [[Roscosmos]]<ref name="crew">{{cite web|publisher=[[NPO Energia]]|url=http://www.energia.ru/eng/news/news-2005/press_release_iss-16.html|title=OFFICIAL PRESS RELEASE about the return of the ISS-11 and VC-9 crews to the Earth|date=October 11, 2005|access-date=December 17, 2008|archive-date=November 16, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191116080229/https://www.energia.ru/eng/news/news-2005/press_release_iss-16.html|url-status=dead}}</ref>
|flights1_up     = Second and last
|expedition1_up  = [[Expedition 12]]
|position2       = Flight Engineer
|crew2_up        = {{Flagicon|USA}} [[William S. McArthur|William McArthur]], [[NASA]]<ref name="crew" />
|flights2_up     = Fourth and last
|expedition2_up  = [[Expedition 12]]
|position3       = Spaceflight Participant
|crew3_up        = {{Flagicon|USA}} [[Gregory Olsen]], [[Space Adventures|SA]]<ref name="crew" />
|flights3_up     = Only
|details3_up     = [[Space tourism|Space Tourist]]
|crew3_down      = {{Flagicon|BRA}} [[Marcos Pontes]], [[Brazilian Space Agency|AEB]]
|flights3_down   = Only
}}
==Docking with ISS==
*'''Docked to ISS:''' October 3, 2005, 05:27 UTC (to [[Pirs (ISS module)|Pirs]] module)
*'''Undocked from ISS:''' November 18, 2005, 08:46 UTC (from [[Pirs (ISS module)|Pirs]] module)
*'''Docked to ISS:''' November 18, 2005, 09:05 UTC (to nadir port of [[Zarya (ISS module)|Zarya]])
*'''Undocked from ISS:''' March 20, 2006, 06:49 UTC (from nadir port of [[Zarya (ISS module)|Zarya]])
*'''Docked to ISS:''' March 20, 2006, 07:11 UTC (to aft port of [[Zvezda (ISS module)|Zvezda]])
*'''Undocked from ISS:''' April 8, 2006, 20:28 UTC (from aft port of [[Zvezda (ISS module)|Zvezda]])
==Mission highlights==
28th crewed flight to ISS (Flight 11S).
Soyuz TMA-7 is a [[Soyuz spacecraft]] which was launched on October 1, 2005 by a [[Soyuz-FG]] rocket from [[Baikonur Cosmodrome]].
[[Image:Soyuz TMA-7 approach.jpg|thumb|Soyuz TMA-7 approaches the International Space Station.]]
The spacecraft carried two members of the [[Expedition 12]] crew to the [[International Space Station]], together with the [[space tourist]] [[Gregory Olsen]]. They replaced the [[Expedition 11]] crew, Commander [[Sergei Krikalev]] and [[John L. Phillips|John Phillips]].
The last member of the original Expedition 12 crew, [[Thomas Reiter]] finally launched in July 2006 on [[STS-121]]. Owing to shuttle mechanical and weather delays, he was forced to move to [[Expedition 13]].
This was the last flight which is covered by the 1996 "balance" agreement that required the Russians to provide 11 Soyuz spacecraft to ferry joint U.S-Russian crews to and from the International Space Station. Further Soyuz flights needed a renegotiation between NASA and its Russian counterpart, and a modification of the [[Iran Nonproliferation Act]] of 2000.<ref name=rfn001>{{cite encyclopedia |url=http://www.astronautix.com/s/soyuztma-7.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161106185400/http://www.astronautix.com/s/soyuztma-7.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=November 6, 2016 |title=Soyuz TMA-7 |encyclopedia=Encyclopedia Astronautica |author=Mark Wade |accessdate=2019-07-23 }}</ref><ref name=rfn002>{{cite web |url=http://www.spacefacts.de/mission/english/soyuz-tma-7.htm |title=Soyuz TMA-7 |work=SPACEFACTS |author=Joachim Becker |date=2018-04-20 |accessdate=2019-07-23 }}</ref><ref name=rfn003>{{cite web |url=http://www.russianspaceweb.com/iss_soyuztma7.html |title=Soyuz TMA-7 |work=RussianSpaceWeb |author=Anatoly Zak |date=2012-05-05 |accessdate=2019-07-23 }}</ref>
After re-entry, when the pilot parachute was deployed at a height of 10 km the main parachute took a while to open, which caused some concern among the crew and could have been fatal if the main parachute had taken longer to deploy.<ref name=rfn001/><ref name=rfn002/><ref name=rfn003/><ref name="capítulo85">{{Cite book|last=Pontes|first=Marcos|title=Missão Cumprida: A História completa da primeira missão espacial brasileira|language=pt-br|edition= 1|publisher=McHilliard|year=2011|page=361|chapter=85|isbn=978-8564213012}}</ref>
==Replica==
A company in [[Bauru]] is building a replica of the capsule that brought Marcos Pontes back to Earth, but they wrongly describe it as the [[Soyuz TMA-8]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.jcnet.com.br/noticias/geral/2021/05/759509-empresa-produz-replica-de-capsula--que-trouxe-marcos-pontes-a-terra.html|title=Empresa produz réplica de cápsula que trouxe Marcos Pontes à Terra|language=pt-br|date=2021-05-16|accessdate=2021-05-20|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210517100413/https://www.jcnet.com.br/noticias/geral/2021/05/759509-empresa-produz-replica-de-capsula--que-trouxe-marcos-pontes-a-terra.html|archivedate=2021-05-17|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.socialbauru.com.br/2021/03/12/aerodromo-tera-replica-tamanho-original-capsula-espacial-usada-marcos-pontes/|title=Aeródromo de Bauru terá réplica em tamanho original de cápsula espacial usada por Marcos Pontes|language=pt-br|date=2021-05-12|accessdate=2021-05-20|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210520154829/https://www.socialbauru.com.br/2021/03/12/aerodromo-tera-replica-tamanho-original-capsula-espacial-usada-marcos-pontes/|archivedate=2021-05-20|url-status=live}}</ref>
==See also==
{{Portal|Spaceflight}}
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20070311022121/http://www.htdocs.com/essays/baikonur/ Pictures and narrative of launch].
==References==
{{Reflist}}
{{Soyuz}}
{{Crewed ISS flights}}
{{Orbital launches in 2005}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Soyuz TMA-07}}
[[Category:Crewed Soyuz missions]]
[[Category:Spacecraft launched in 2005]]
[[Category:Orbital space tourism missions]]
[[Category:Spacecraft which reentered in 2006]]
[[Category:Spacecraft launched by Soyuz-FG rockets]]